scholarly journals Anthocyanin Hybrid Nanopigments from Pomegranate Waste: Colour, Thermomechanical Stability and Environmental Impact of Polyester-Based Bionanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1966
Author(s):  
Bàrbara Micó-Vicent ◽  
Marina Ramos ◽  
Valentin Viqueira ◽  
Francesca Luzi ◽  
Franco Dominici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Buffer Effect ◽  
General Increase ◽  
General Behaviour ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Calcined Hydrotalcite ◽  
Colour Gamut

In the present work, anthocyanin (ACN) hybrid nanopigments were synthetized by using a natural pomegranate dye (PD) and calcined hydrotalcite (HT) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays. A wide colour gamut was obtained with MMT-based nanopigments ranging from reddish to bluish hues caused by structural transformations of ACNs at different pH values. However, a buffer effect was observed with HT obtaining samples a similar final colour regardless of the synthesis conditions. Nanopigments added with a biomordant extracted from pomegranate peels showed a different colour compared to the incorporation of a commercial mordant due to the intrinsic colouring properties of the pomegranate bioadditive. The developed nanopigments were incorporated at 7 wt% loading to produce novel polyester-based bionanocomposites which were characterized in terms of thermal, mechanical and colour properties. The encapsulation of PD into the nanoclays improved its thermal stability, in particular for MMT-based nanopigments. The pH changes observed during the nanofillers synthesis affected the final colour of the MMT-based nanocomposites, inducing a general increase in ∆E* and a decrease in gloss values. Slight improvements were obtained in terms of elastic modulus for MMT-based polymer samples confirming the applicability of the developed bionanocomposites as colouring and reinforcement materials. A very similar environmental profile was obtained for MMT and HT-based nanofillers showing MMT-based nanopigments a slightly better general behaviour. The results of the LCA study evidenced the suitability of the processes used in this work to the circular bioeconomy approach through sustainable food waste management and the production of bioplastics using waste substrates.

Preparation of Xonotlite Whiskers from Carbide Slag

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 787-789
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Ling Ke Zeng ◽  
Jian Xin Cao ◽  
Qian Lin ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Carbide Slag ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
First Time

Carbide slag was used as raw materials for the first time to prepare xonontlite whiskers via a hydrothermal route without special instruments and synthesis conditions. And the effect of pH value of emulsion of carbide slag and hydrothermal conditions on removal rate of impurities, morphology and crystallinity of synthesized xonotlite whiskers were explored using ICP, SEM and XRD techniques. The results indicated that the carbide slag after purification could be used to prepare xonotlite whiskers, and different pH values of emulsion of carbide slag had great impact on the removal rate of impurities and morphology of xonotlite whiskers. Xonotlite whiskers with 20-40 μm in length and 100-500 nm in diameter were hydrothermally synthesized at 230 °C for 15 h with using silicic acid as kiesel material.

Effect of dietary probiotic on the pH and colour characteristics of carcasses, breast fillets and drumsticks of broilers

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karaoglu ◽  
M.I. Aksu ◽  
N. Esenbuga ◽  
M. Kaya ◽  
M. Macit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
B Values ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Broiler Diet

AbstractThis research was carried out to determine the effects of commercial probiotic (115-Biogallinox) on the colour properties of carcasses and dissected products in broilers. Ross-308 male chicks were given probiotic (P0:0 g/kg, P1:1 g/kg and P2:2 g/kg) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 49 days. At the end of the trial all birds were slaughtered, and pH and skin colour of the carcasses were determined at various times during the first 24 h (1, 3, 7, 12, 17 and 24 h). After dissection, breasts and drumsticks were divided into two groups for vacuum packaging and aerobic packaging. Packaged breasts and drumsticks were stored at 3 ± 0.5°C for 12 days. During the storage period, the colours of breast meat, drumstick meat and drumstick skin were determined.pH values of carcasses decreased (P < 0.01) over the 24-h period post mortem. The pH values of the P1 group were lower than the P0 and P2 groups (P < 0.01). L*, a* and b* values increased during the 24-h period and the P0 group had lower a* values than the P1 and P2 groups (P < 0.05). The use of probiotic in the broiler diet had no effect on L*, a* and b* values of breast and drumstick muscle. The L* and a* values of breast muscles were lower than drumstick muscles (P < 0.05). The values of b* in aerobic packaged breasts and drumsticks were higher than when vacuum packaged (P < 0.01). L* and b* values were also affected by storage period. While the L* and b* values of drumstick skin were higher than of drumstick meat, a* values in drumstick meat were higher (P < 0.05). The packaging had no effect on drumstick colour values (drumstick meat and drumstick skin) and L* and b* values decreased during the storage period.

Stabilization of Pickering Emulsions by Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibrils

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 1247-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Wen Hua Wang ◽  
Man Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Pickering Emulsions ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Maize Oil

In order to develop safe and sustainable food and pharmaceutical emulsions, bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibrils were prepared to stabilize maize oil/water Pickering emulsions. The influence of BC content and pH value on the emulsion stability was explored. Droplet diameters decreased with BC contents in emulsions. At pH 12, the emulsions were most stable among all tested pH values. The transformation of emulsion structure from liquid to gel-like at 8-15°C with BC content higher than 1.55 g/L is predominantly depended on the viscoelastic entangled BC network. These results can have meaningful inspiration of designing edible food and pharmaceutical emulsions.

Additive colour properties and colour gamut of cholesteric liquid crystals

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 276 (5683) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. MAKOW ◽  
C. LEROY SANDERS
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Cholesteric Liquid Crystals ◽  
Colour Gamut

Effect of pH in Systems on Crystallinity and Morphology of Synthesized Xonotlite Whiskers

2011 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Xiao Dan Wang ◽  
Jian Xin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Ph Values

The different pH values in CaO-SiO2-H2O systems were taken into account to prepare xonotlite whiskers without any surfactant, special instruments and synthesis conditions. Effect of pH values in system on the crystallinity and morphology of synthesized xonotlite whiskers was studied by using XRD and SEM techniques. The results indicated that the different pH values in system had little effect on the crystallinity of synthesized xonotlite, but posed significant impact on the morphology of xonotlite whiskers. The higher pH value is, the lager scale xonotlite whiskers appear. Little whiskers were synthesized in the system of pH 11.5, but in the system of pH 13.0, the formation of xonotlite whiskers was promoted and xonotlite whiskers with 20-40 μm in length and 400 nm in diameter were prepared at 225 °C for 15 h.

scholarly journals Effect of Chlorophyll Hybrid Nanopigments from Broccoli Waste on Thermomechanical and Colour Behaviour of Polyester-Based Bionanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2508
Author(s):  
Bàrbara Micó-Vicent ◽  
Marina Ramos ◽  
Francesca Luzi ◽  
Franco Dominici ◽  
Valentín Viqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Reinforcement Effect ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Calcined Hydrotalcite ◽  
Potential Use

Natural dyes obtained from agro-food waste can be considered promising substitutes of synthetic dyes to be used in several applications. With this aim, in the present work, we studied the use of chlorophyll dye (CD) extracted from broccoli waste to obtain hybrid nanopigments based on calcined hydrotalcite (HT) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays. The synthesized chlorophyll hybrid nanopigments (CDNPs), optimized by using statistical designed experiments, were melt-extruded with a polyester-based matrix (INZEA) at 7 wt% loading. Mechanical, thermal, structural, morphological and colour properties of the obtained bionanocomposites were evaluated. The obtained results evidenced that the maximum CD adsorption into HT was obtained when adding 5 wt% of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate) without using any biomordant and coupling agent, while the optimal conditions for MMT were achieved without adding any of the studied modifiers. In both cases, an improvement in CD thermal stability was observed by its incorporation in the nanoclays, able to protect chlorophyll degradation. The addition of MMT to INZEA resulted in large ΔE* values compared to HT incorporation, showing bionanocomposite green/yellow tones as a consequence of the CDNPs addition. The results obtained by XRD and TEM revealed a partially intercalated/exfoliated structure for INZEA-based bionanocomposites, due to the presence of an inorganic filler in the formulation of the commercial product, which was also confirmed by TGA analysis. CDNPs showed a reinforcement effect due to the presence of the hybrid nanopigments and up to 26% improvement in Young’s modulus compared to neat INZEA. Finally, the incorporation of CDNPs induced a decrease in thermal stability as well as limited effect in the melting/crystallization behaviour of the INZEA matrix. The obtained results showed the potential use of green natural dyes from broccoli wastes, adsorbed into nanoclays, for the development of naturally coloured bionanocomposites.

scholarly journals Effect of various plant starches on the quality characteristics of starch-based sweetened cow milk yoghurt

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Alim ◽  
A Wadehra ◽  
AK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Corn Starch ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Addition Level ◽  
Level 2

In this study, the textural, rheological and colour properties of different starch-based sweetened cow milk yoghurt were analyzed. Stickiness increased with increased addition level of modified starch for both homogenized (-2.231 to -5.304 N) and unhomogenized (-1.505 to -4.834 N) yoghurt sample. Firmness increased linearly for unhomogenized cow milk yoghurt sample at different incorporation level (3.019 to 4.887 N) but the homogenized cow milk yoghurt samples did not shown any clear significant difference. Viscosity also increased with increased addition level of modified starch and unhomogenized yoghurt sample at different incorporation level of modified starch showed clear and significant difference from sample to sample. Firmness, stickiness and viscosity of potato starch-based cow milk yoghurt with homogenization did not show any significant difference, but unhomogenized yoghurt sample showed linear increase of viscosity and firmness that ranged from 0.213 to 0.525 Pa.s and from 2.669 to 4.014 N, respectively. Stickiness of unhomogenized sample also increased with increased potato starch incorporation level. Viscosity increased with increased corn starch incorporation for homogenized sample. The pH values were more or less similar and the colour values showed it was lightness as white for all cases. The highest incorporation level (2%) was found for corn starch followed by potato (1.5%) and modified (1.0%) starch.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 119-126, June 2016

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Xonotlite Fibers and Investigation on their Thermal Property

2010 ◽  
Vol 105-106 ◽  
pp. 841-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Ling Ke Zeng ◽  
Jian Xin Cao ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
An Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Thermal Property ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Large Size

A hydrothermal route for preparing large size xonotlite fibers without special instruments and synthesis conditions was development. Effect of pH values in system on the crystal phase and morphology of synthesized xonotlite fibers was studied by using XRD and SEM. The results indicated that the different pH systems have little effect on the crystallinity of synthesized xonotlite, but have great impact on the morphology of xonotlite fibers. The higher pH value is, the lager scale xonotlite fibers appear when the pH values are among 12.0, 12.5, 13.0 and 13.5. The formation of xonotlite fibers was promoted and xonotlite fibers with 10-30 μm in length and 100-200 nm in diameter were prepared at 220 °C for 15 h in the system of pH 13.5. The evaluation of thermal property revealed that synthesized fibers were excellent in thermal stability at high temperature, and could be potential candidate as reinforcement reagents in composite areas.

Structural Transformation of a Germanium Σ=13 (510) [001] Tilt Grain Boundary under the Electron Beam

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Rouvière ◽  
Alain Bourret
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Mirror Symmetry ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Tilt Grain Boundary

The possible structural transformations during the sample preparations and the sample observations are important issues in electron microscopy. Several publications of High Resolution Electron Microscopy (HREM) have reported that structural transformations and evaporation of the thin parts of a specimen could happen in the microscope. Diffusion and preferential etchings could also occur during the sample preparation.Here we report a structural transformation of a germanium Σ=13 (510) [001] tilt grain boundary that occurred in a medium-voltage electron microscopy (JEOL 400KV).Among the different (001) tilt grain boundaries whose atomic structures were entirely determined by High Resolution Electron Microscopy (Σ = 5(310), Σ = 13 (320), Σ = 13 (510), Σ = 65 (1130), Σ = 25 (710) and Σ = 41 (910), the Σ = 13 (510) interface is the most interesting. It exhibits two kinds of structures. One of them, the M-structure, has tetracoordinated covalent bonds and is periodic (fig. 1). The other, the U-structure, is also tetracoordinated but is not strictly periodic (fig. 2). It is composed of a periodically repeated constant part that separates variable cores where some atoms can have several stable positions. The M-structure has a mirror glide symmetry. At Scherzer defocus, its HREM images have characteristic groups of three big white dots that are distributed on alternatively facing right and left arcs (fig. 1). The (001) projection of the U-structure has an apparent mirror symmetry, the portions of good coincidence zones (“perfect crystal structure”) regularly separate the variable cores regions (fig. 2).

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