scholarly journals Recent Advances in Multimodal Molecular Imaging of Cancer Mediated by Hybrid Magnetic Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2989
Author(s):  
Yurena Luengo Morato ◽  
Karina Ovejero Paredes ◽  
Laura Lozano Chamizo ◽  
Marzia Marciello ◽  
Marco Filice
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Good Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Imaging Performance ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, which is why it is so important to make an early and very precise diagnosis to obtain a good prognosis. Thanks to the combination of several imaging modalities in the form of the multimodal molecular imaging (MI) strategy, a great advance has been made in early diagnosis, in more targeted and personalized therapy, and in the prediction of the results that will be obtained once the anticancer treatment is applied. In this context, magnetic nanoparticles have been positioned as strong candidates for diagnostic agents as they provide very good imaging performance. Furthermore, thanks to their high versatility, when combined with other molecular agents (for example, fluorescent molecules or radioisotopes), they highlight the advantages of several imaging techniques at the same time. These hybrid nanosystems can be also used as multifunctional and/or theranostic systems as they can provide images of the tumor area while they administer drugs and act as therapeutic agents. Therefore, in this review, we selected and identified more than 160 recent articles and reviews and offer a broad overview of the most important concepts that support the synthesis and application of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as molecular agents in advanced cancer detection based on the multimodal molecular imaging approach.

MR Molecular Imaging Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Hwunjae Lee ◽  
◽  
SangBock Lee ◽  
Geahwan Jin ◽  
Sergey NETESOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Imaging

MR Molecular Imaging Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Hwunjae Lee ◽  
◽  
SangBock Lee ◽  
Geahwan Jin ◽  
Sergey NETESOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Imaging

ROS-responsive nanomedicine: Towards targeting the breast tumor microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
RamaRao Malla ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Massive Accumulation

: The breast tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes drug resistance through an elaborated interaction of TME components mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite a massive accumulation of data concerning the targeting the ROS, but little is known about the ROS-responsive nanomedicine for targeting breast TME. This review submits the ROS landscape in breast TME, including ROS biology, ROS mediated carcinogenesis, reprogramming of stromal and immune cells of TME. We also discussed ROS-based precision strategies for imaging TME, including molecular imaging techniques with advanced probes, multiplexed methods, and multi-omic profiling strategies. ROS-responsive nanomedicine also describes various therapies, such as chemo-dynamic, photodynamic, photothermal, sono-dynamic, immune, and gene therapy for BC. We expound ROS-responsive primary delivery systems for chemotherapeutics, phytochemicals, and immunotherapeutics. This review also presents recent updates on nano-theranostics for simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of BCs. We assume that review on this advancing field will be beneficial to the development of ROS-based nanotheranostics for BC.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in the Molecular Imaging of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7348
Author(s):  
Olivia Wegrzyniak ◽  
Maria Rosestedt ◽  
Olof Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Activated Fibroblasts

Pathological fibrosis of the liver is a landmark feature in chronic liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Diagnosis and assessment of progress or treatment efficacy today requires biopsy of the liver, which is a challenge in, e.g., longitudinal interventional studies. Molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) have the potential to enable minimally invasive assessment of liver fibrosis. This review will summarize and discuss the current status of the development of innovative imaging markers for processes relevant for fibrogenesis in liver, e.g., certain immune cells, activated fibroblasts, and collagen depositions.

scholarly journals Tracking Transplanted Stem Cells Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Nanoparticle Labeling Method in Urology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Heon Kim ◽  
Hong J. Lee ◽  
Yun Seob Song
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging

A reliablein vivoimaging method to localize transplanted cells and monitor their viability would enable a systematic investigation of cell therapy. Most stem cell transplantation studies have used immunohistological staining, which does not provide information about the migration of transplanted cellsin vivoin the same host. Molecular imaging visualizes targeted cells in a living host, which enables determining the biological processes occurring in transplanted stem cells. Molecular imaging with labeled nanoparticles provides the opportunity to monitor transplanted cells noninvasively without sacrifice and to repeatedly evaluate them. Among several molecular imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high resolution and sensitivity of transplanted cells. MRI is a powerful noninvasive imaging modality with excellent image resolution for studying cellular dynamics. Several types of nanoparticles including superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles have been used to magnetically label stem cells and monitor viability by MRI in the urologic field. This review focuses on the current role and limitations of MRI with labeled nanoparticles for tracking transplanted stem cells in urology.

scholarly journals Anatomical, Physiological, and Molecular Imaging for Pancreatic Cancer: Current Clinical Use and Future Implications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chang ◽  
Donald Schomer ◽  
Tomislav Dragovich
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cellular Density ◽  
Radiological Staging ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Specific Tumor ◽  
Physiological Information ◽  
Clinical Advances ◽  
Insight Into

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest human malignancies. Early detection is difficult and effective treatment is limited. Verifying the presence of micrometastatic dissemination and vessel invasion remains elusive, limiting radiological staging once this diagnosis is made. Diagnostic imaging provides independent tools to evaluate and characterize the biologic behavior of pancreatic cancer. Conventional anatomic imaging alone with either CT or MRI yields useful information on organ involvement but is limited in providing molecular and physiological information. Molecular imaging techniques such as PET or MRS provide information on metabolic and signaling pathways. Advanced MR sequences that target physiological parameters expand imaging options to characterize these tumors. By considering the parametric data from these three imaging approaches (anatomic, molecular, and physiological) we can better define specific tumor signatures. Such parametric characterization can provide insight into tumor metabolism, cellular density, protein expression, focal perfusion, and vascular permeability of these tumors. Radiogenomics research has already demonstrated ability to obtain information about cancer’s genotype and phenotype; this is without invasive procedures or surgery. Further advances in these areas of experimental imaging hold promise to enable future clinical advances in detection and therapy of pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals EANM recommendations based on systematic analysis of small animal radionuclide imaging in inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen ◽  
Edel Noriega-Álvarez ◽  
Vera Artiko ◽  
André H. Dias ◽  
Olivier Gheysens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Radionuclide Imaging ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Complementary Value

AbstractInflammatory musculoskeletal diseases represent a group of chronic and disabling conditions that evolve from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors that cause perturbations in innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding the pathogenesis of inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases is, to a large extent, derived from preclinical and basic research experiments. In vivo molecular imaging enables us to study molecular targets and to measure biochemical processes non-invasively and longitudinally, providing information on disease processes and potential therapeutic strategies, e.g. efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions, which is of complementary value next to ex vivo (post mortem) histopathological analysis and molecular assays. Remarkably, the large body of preclinical imaging studies in inflammatory musculoskeletal disease is in contrast with the limited reports on molecular imaging in clinical practice and clinical guidelines. Therefore, in this EANM-endorsed position paper, we performed a systematic review of the preclinical studies in inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases that involve radionuclide imaging, with a detailed description of the animal models used. From these reflections, we provide recommendations on what future studies in this field should encompass to facilitate a greater impact of radionuclide imaging techniques on the translation to clinical settings.

scholarly journals Radionuclide-Based Imaging of Breast Cancer: State of the Art

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5459
Author(s):  
Huiling Li ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Lujie Yuan ◽  
Kevin Fan ◽  
Yongxue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Functional Perspective

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that can affect women worldwide and endanger their health and wellbeing. Early detection of breast cancer can significantly improve the prognosis and survival rate of patients, but with traditional anatomical imagine methods, it is difficult to detect lesions before morphological changes occur. Radionuclide-based molecular imaging based on positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) displays its advantages for detecting breast cancer from a functional perspective. Radionuclide labeling of small metabolic compounds can be used for imaging biological processes, while radionuclide labeling of ligands/antibodies can be used for imaging receptors. Noninvasive visualization of biological processes helps elucidate the metabolic state of breast cancer, while receptor-targeted radionuclide molecular imaging is sensitive and specific for visualization of the overexpressed molecular markers in breast cancer, contributing to early diagnosis and better management of cancer patients. The rapid development of radionuclide probes aids the diagnosis of breast cancer in various aspects. These probes target metabolism, amino acid transporters, cell proliferation, hypoxia, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) and so on. This article provides an overview of the development of radionuclide molecular imaging techniques present in preclinical or clinical studies, which are used as tools for early breast cancer diagnosis.

Radiation-Induced Lung Injury Imaging

2018 ◽  
pp. 218-238
Author(s):  
Jessica Rika Perez
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Imaging Methods ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Two Phases

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) occurs in up to 30% of thoracic radiotherapy (RT) cases and is a major limiting factor of dose escalation to achieve tumor control and improve survival. RILI can be separated into two phases: an early inflammatory phase and a late fibrotic phase. Imaging has the potential to provide a helpful understanding of RILI for diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Current clinical imaging methods rely on anatomical imaging and occasionally incorporate functional imaging. With the advent of molecular imaging, specific targeted probes can be designed to image RILI at every stage of the process. Molecular imaging is still in its infancy and most new RILI imaging techniques are still under development. This chapter summarizes the different imaging methods used clinically for RILI imaging and explores new developments for the future of RILI management.

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