scholarly journals Secondary Raw Materials from Residual Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites by An Upgraded Pyrolysis Process

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3408
Author(s):  
Alexander Lopez-Urionabarrenechea ◽  
Naia Gastelu ◽  
Alberto Jiménez-Suárez ◽  
Silvia G. Prolongo ◽  
Adriana Serras-Malillos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Gaseous Stream ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

This paper presents a process where carbon fibers and hydrogen can be recovered simultaneously through a two-stage thermal treatment of an epoxy-carbon fiber composite. For this purpose, some pieces of epoxy resin reinforced with carbon fiber fabrics have been fabricated and, after curing, have been pyrolyzed in an installation consisting of two reactors. In the first one, the thermal decomposition of the resin takes place, and in the second one, the gases and vapors coming from the first reactor are thermally treated. Once this process is completed, the solid generated is oxidized with air to eliminate the resin residues and carbonaceous products from the fibers surface. The recovered carbon fiber fabrics have been reused to make new cured parts and their electrical and mechanical properties have been measured. The results show that it is possible to obtain carbon fiber fabrics that can be processed as they leave the recycling process and that retain 80% of the tensile modulus, 70% of the flexural strength, and 50% of the interlaminar shear strength. At the same time, a gaseous stream with more than 66% by volume of hydrogen can be obtained, reaching a maximum of 81.7%.

scholarly journals Lightweight Cellulose/Carbon Fiber Composite Foam for Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Li ◽  
Huiping Lin ◽  
Piao Lan ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Foaming Process ◽  
Long Carbon Fibers

Lightweight electromagnetic interference shielding cellulose foam/carbon fiber composites were prepared by blending cellulose foam solution with carbon fibers and then freeze drying. Two kinds of carbon fiber (diameter of 7 μm) with different lengths were used, short carbon fibers (SCF, L/D = 100) and long carbon fibers (LCF, L/D = 300). It was observed that SCFs and LCFs built efficient network structures during the foaming process. Furthermore, the foaming process significantly increased the specific electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness from 10 to 60 dB. In addition, cellulose/carbon fiber composite foams possessed good mechanical properties and low thermal conductivity of 0.021–0.046 W/(m·K).

Layup Analyzing of a Carbon/Glass Hybrid Composite Wind Turbine Blade Using Finite Element Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite

This thesis use AOC15/50 blade as baseline model which is a composite wind turbine blade made of glass/epoxy for a horizontal axis wind turbine. A finite element modeling of composite wind turbine blade was created using the SHELL element of ANSYS. Then we study how to use the carbon fiber material replaces the glass fiber to make the hybrid blade, and find a suitable layup to improve the performance of the blade. The hybrid blade was made through introducing carbon fibers. Different models, with introducing different number of carbon fibers, 75% carbon fibers replace unidirectional glass fibers in spar cap of blade model which can achieve best structure performance. The wind turbine blades are often fabricated by hand using multiple of glass fiber-reinforced polyester resin or glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin. As commercial machines get bigger, this could not to meet the demands. The advantages of carbon fiber composite materials are used by blade producer. Studies show that carbon fiber has high strength-to-weight ratio and resistance fatigue properties. Carbon fiber is mixed with epoxy resin to make into carbon fiber-reinforced polymer. Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer is the one of best blade materials for resistance bad weather. The stiffness of carbon fiber composite is 2 or 3 times higher than glass fiber composite [1], but the cost of carbon fiber composite is 10 times higher than glass fiber composite. If all of wind turbine blades are made of carbon fiber composite, it will be very expensive. Therefore carbon/glass fiber hybrid composite blade has become a research emphasis in the field of blade materials. This paper gives an example of finite element modeling composite wind turbine blade in ANSYS by means of the medium-length blade of AOC 15/50 horizontal axis wind turbine. This model can be directly used in dynamics analysis and does not need to be imported from the CAD software into finite element program. This finite element modeling of composite wind turbine blade was created using the SHELL element of ANSYS. Then we study how to use the carbon fiber material replaces the glass fiber to make the hybrid blade, and find a suitable lay-up to improve the performance of the blade.

Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluation of Polypropylene/ Carbon Fiber Composite Braids

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Jin Mao Chen ◽  
Ching Wen Lin ◽  
Wen Hao Hsing ◽  
Yu Chia Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Manufacturing Technique ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Different Levels

In this study, carbon fibers (CF) were braided with polypropylene (PP) fibers on a 16-spindle braid machine, forming the PP/ CF composite braids. The composite braids with different levels of strength could be obtained by changing the speed of the yarn turntable and volume gauze. The composite braids with optimum tensile strength then received the thermal treatment, which melted the PP fibers to wrap the CF more tightly, stabilizing the structure of the composite braids. According to CNS 11623 (Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single), the composite braids were thermal-treated at 170 °C, 180 °C and 190 °C for1 min, 2 min and 3 min, determing the influence of thermal temperature and duration on the tensile strength of PP/ CF composite braids.

Application of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites on Lightweight Design of Articulated Platform

2018 ◽  
Vol 921 ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Yang Li ◽  
Ying Dai ◽  
Xiao Fei Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Stress Region ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

For the purpose of weight saving, the heavy metal articulated platform, which is used in Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) vehicles to connect the front and rear compartments, is replaced with carbon fiber composite material. Composites articulated plates are designed based on the requirements of shape, size, positioning, connection and load of steel articulated platform. Optimization design is applied to high stress region in the articulated plates to provide references for the improvement and lightweight design of the articulated platform.

Modeling the Compressive Buckling Strain as a Function of the Nanocomposite Interphase Thickness in a Carbon Nanotube Sheet Wrapped Carbon Fiber Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemin Wang ◽  
Tingge Xu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Monica Jung de Andrade ◽  
Pruthul Kokkada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Unidirectional Composite ◽  
Interfacial Shear ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Interphase Region

Polymer matrix composites have high strengths in tension. However, their compressive strengths are much lower than their tensile strengths due to their weak fiber/matrix interfacial shear strengths. We recently developed a new approach to fabricate composites by overwrapping individual carbon fibers or fiber tows with a carbon nanotube sheet and subsequently impregnate them into a matrix to enhance the interfacial shear strengths without degrading the tensile strengths of the carbon fibers. In this study, a theoretical analysis is conducted to identify the appropriate thickness of the nanocomposite interphase region formed by carbon nanotubes embedded in a matrix. Fibers are modeled as an anisotropic elastic material, and the nanocomposite interphase region and the matrix are considered as isotropic. A microbuckling problem is solved for the unidirectional composite under compression. The analytical solution is compared with finite element simulations for verification. It is determined that the critical load at the onset of buckling is lower in an anisotropic carbon fiber composite than in an isotropic fibfer composite due to lower transverse properties in the fibers. An optimal thickness for nanocomposite interphase region is determined, and this finding provides a guidance for the manufacture of composites using aligned carbon nanotubes as fillers in the nanocomposite interphase region.

scholarly journals Design of Low Cost Carbon Fiber Composites via Examining the Micromechanical Stress Distributions in A42 Bean-Shaped versus T650 Circular Fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Imad Hanhan ◽  
Michael D. Sangid
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite

Recent advancements have led to new polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber precursors which reduce production costs, yet lead to bean-shaped cross-sections. While these bean-shaped fibers have comparable stiffness and ultimate strength values to typical carbon fibers, their unique morphology results in varying in-plane orientations and different microstructural stress distributions under loading, which are not well understood and can limit failure strength under complex loading scenarios. Therefore, this work used finite element simulations to compare longitudinal stress distributions in A42 (bean-shaped) and T650 (circular) carbon fiber composite microstructures. Specifically, a microscopy image of an A42/P6300 microstructure was processed to instantiate a 3D model, while a Monte Carlo approach (which accounts for size and in-plane orientation distributions) was used to create statistically equivalent A42/P6300 and T650/P6300 microstructures. First, the results showed that the measured in-plane orientations of the A42 carbon fibers for the analyzed specimen had an orderly distribution with peaks at |ϕ|=0∘,180∘. Additionally, the results showed that under 1.5% elongation, the A42/P6300 microstructure reached simulated failure at approximately 2108 MPa, while the T650/P6300 microstructure did not reach failure. A single fiber model showed that this was due to the curvature of A42 fibers which was 3.18 μm−1 higher at the inner corner, yielding a matrix stress that was 7 MPa higher compared to the T650/P6300 microstructure. Overall, this analysis is valuable to engineers designing new components using lower cost carbon fiber composites, based on the micromechanical stress distributions and unique packing abilities resulting from the A42 fiber morphologies.

Designing and Fast 3D Printing of Continuous Carbon Fibers for Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-928
Author(s):  
Haiguang Zhang ◽  
BaoQuan Qi ◽  
Qingxi Hu ◽  
Biao Yan ◽  
Dali Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Cell Compatibility

Carbon fibers are excellent materials for engineering biomedical materials and devices owing to their functional properties of low weight, high strength, high chemical and thermal stability, and blood and cell compatibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that the carbon fibers could be used as a scaffolding system for bone repair and regenerative application. However, carbon fiber-based composite products lack the long-term retention of their biological property upon implantation, which greatly affects their wider biomedical applications. In this study, design and fabrication of carbon fibers composite scaffolds using a fast 3D printing technology has been successfully realized, which provides a new direction for the biomedical application of carbon fiber composite materials.

scholarly journals Comparative Characterization of Multiscale Carbon Fiber Composite with Long and Short MWCNTs at Higher Weight Fractions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zimmer ◽  
Qunfeng Cheng ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
James Brooks ◽  
Richard Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composite ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes

There are documented advantages to using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in composites for various property enhancements. However, to date, only limited studies have been conducted on using of longer CNTs over 1 mm in length. This study used long multiwalled carbon nanotubes (LMWCNTs) and their longer extended networks to test multiple properties in thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and modulus and then compared these properties to those of shorter multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SMWCNTs). For carbon fiber-reinforced composites, the longer graphite paths from LMWCNTs in the matrix were expected to improve all properties. The longer networks were expected to allow for more undisturbed phonon transportation to improve thermal conductivity. This in turn relates to improved electrical conductivity and better mechanical properties. However, results have shown that the LMWCNTs do not improve or decrease thermal conductivity, whereas the shorter MWCNTs provide mixed results. LMWCNTs did show improvements in electrical, mechanical, and physical properties, but compared to shorter MWCNTs, the results in other certain properties varied. This perplexing outcome resides in the functioning of the networks made by both the LMWCNTs and shorter MWCNTs.

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