scholarly journals Modelling of Stem Cells Microenvironment Using Carbon-Based Scaffold for Tissue Engineering Application—A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4058
Author(s):  
Vieralynda Vitus ◽  
Fatimah Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Potential Tool ◽  
Carbon Based

A scaffold is a crucial biological substitute designed to aid the treatment of damaged tissue caused by trauma and disease. Various scaffolds are developed with different materials, known as biomaterials, and have shown to be a potential tool to facilitate in vitro cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Among the materials studied, carbon materials are potential biomaterials that can be used to develop scaffolds for cell growth. Recently, many researchers have attempted to build a scaffold following the origin of the tissue cell by mimicking the pattern of their extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, extensive studies were performed on the various parameters that could influence cell behaviour. Previous studies have shown that various factors should be considered in scaffold production, including the porosity, pore size, topography, mechanical properties, wettability, and electroconductivity, which are essential in facilitating cellular response on the scaffold. These interferential factors will help determine the appropriate architecture of the carbon-based scaffold, influencing stem cell (SC) response. Hence, this paper reviews the potential of carbon as a biomaterial for scaffold development. This paper also discusses several crucial factors that can influence the feasibility of the carbon-based scaffold architecture in supporting the efficacy and viability of SCs.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Characterization and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of Pure SiHA for Bone Tissue Engineering Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marchat ◽  
Guénaëlle Bouët ◽  
Aline Lueckgen ◽  
Maria Zymelka ◽  
Luc Malaval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Pure Silicon ◽  
Pellet Surface ◽  
Biological Outcomes

Studies about silicon-substituted hydroxyapatites exhibit several shortcomings that leave unanswered questions regarding the properties and subsequent biological outcomes generated by this biomaterial. Firstly, samples characterization is often incomplete, meaning that phase purity on the pellet surface is not assured. In fact, ceramic materials used in literature that are claimed to be pure are actually polluted through second phase as superficial polymerized silicate. In this study, we have successfully synthesized a phase pure silicon hydroxyapatite powder Ca10(PO4)5.5(SiO4)0.5(OH)1.5 (Si0.5HA) compressed this powder into pellets, sintered them, and evaluated the biological response of osteoblast cells (C3H10 line) seeded on the pellet surface. Besides, the solubility in aqueous media of HA and Si0.5HA pellets were determined through static experiments. These tests attempt to provide a comprehensive picture of the cellular response to the SiHA material, in order to determine the mechanism by which Si evokes the improved in vitro biological outcomes described in the literature. Results revealed first an equivalent solubility of Si0.5HA and HA pellets, and second that cells do not react favourably to the pure SiHA surface.

scholarly journals Accumulation of DNA methylation alterations in paediatric glioma stem cells following fractionated dose irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Danielsson ◽  
Kristell Barreau ◽  
Teresia Kling ◽  
Magnus Tisell ◽  
Helena Carén
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Glioma Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Radiation Resistant ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Regulatory Functions

Abstract Background Radiation is an important therapeutic tool. However, radiotherapy has the potential to promote co-evolution of genetic and epigenetic changes that can drive tumour heterogeneity, formation of radioresistant cells and tumour relapse. There is a clinical need for a better understanding of DNA methylation alterations that may follow radiotherapy to be able to prevent the development of radiation-resistant cells. Methods We examined radiation-induced changes in DNA methylation profiles of paediatric glioma stem cells (GSCs) in vitro. Five GSC cultures were irradiated in vitro with repeated doses of 2 or 4 Gy. Radiation was given in 3 or 15 fractions. DNA methylation profiling using Illumina DNA methylation arrays was performed at 14 days post-radiation. The cellular characteristics were studied in parallel. Results Few fractions of radiation did not result in significant accumulation of DNA methylation alterations. However, extended dose fractionations changed DNA methylation profiles and induced thousands of differentially methylated positions, specifically in enhancer regions, sites involved in alternative splicing and in repetitive regions. Radiation induced dose-dependent morphological and proliferative alterations of the cells as a consequence of the radiation exposure. Conclusions DNA methylation alterations of sites with regulatory functions in proliferation and differentiation were identified, which may reflect cellular response to radiation stress through epigenetic reprogramming and differentiation cues.

scholarly journals Analysis of cell-biomaterial interaction through cellular bridge formation in the interface between hGMSCs and CaP bioceramics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Benjumeda Wijnhoven ◽  
Raúl Vallejos ◽  
Juan F. Santibanez ◽  
Carola Millán ◽  
Juan F. Vivanco
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Abstract The combination of biomaterials and stem cells for clinical applications constitute a great challenge in bone tissue engineering. Hence, cellular networks derived from cells-biomaterials crosstalk have a profound influence on cell behaviour and communication, preceding proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro cellular networks derived from human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) and calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramic interaction. Biological performance of CaP bioceramic and hGMSCs interaction was evaluated through cell adhesion and distribution, cellular proliferation, and potential osteogenic differentiation, at three different times: 5 h, 1 week and 4 weeks. Results confirmed that hGMSCs met the required MSCs criteria while displaying osteogenic differentiaton capacities. We found a significant increase of cellular numbers and proliferation levels. Also, protein and mRNA OPN expression were upregulated in cells cultured with CaP bioceramic by day 21, suggesting an osteoinductible effect of the CaP bioceramic on hGMSCs. Remarkably, CaP bioceramic aggregations were obtained through hGMSCs bridges, suggesting the in vitro potential of macrostructures formation. We conclude that hGMSCs and CaP bioceramics with micro and macropores support hGMSC adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Our results suggest that investigations focused on the interface cells-biomaterials are essential for bone tissue regenerative therapies.

Optimizing the physical parameters of polycaprolactone-gelatin-polydimethylsiloxane composite nanofiber scaffold for tissue engineering application

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372096015
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Dehghan ◽  
Habib Nikukar ◽  
Mohammad Khajeh Mehrizi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Elastic Tissue ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Nanofiber Scaffold ◽  
Liquid Displacement ◽  
Cell Growth And Proliferation

A lot of research has already been conducted on tissue engineering as it can have the potential for organ and tissue regeneration and repair. Research on the proliferation of cells on the scaffolds, which are material-based structures in the extracellular matrix, increased efficiency of 3D cultures. In this study, the stages of preparing a nanofiber scaffold with different ratios of three polymers of Polycaprolactone/Gelatin/Polydimethylsiloxane (PCL/G/PDMS) which is biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible are explained for tissue engineering and then fibroblast cells cultivation are discussed. The morphology, porosity and hydrophilicity of the prepared scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the liquid displacement method, water contact-angle measurements respectively. The cell growth and proliferation on scaffolds were counted by Digimizer© software. Then morphology, porosity and hydrophilicity of scaffolds and cell growth and proliferation on scaffolds were optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results show that PCL/G/PDMS electrospun nanofibers can be used for tissue engineering applications. The purpose of this scaffold is design a scaffold for elastic tissue engineering, especially uterine tissue, which will be discussed in the following articles.

Nanodiamond Reinforced PLLA Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingwei Zhang ◽  
Peter Lelkes ◽  
Jack Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Tissue Engineering Application ◽  
Hardness Testing ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Nanotechnology shows us many innovations and it is generally accepted view that many could be further developed and applied in tissue engineering. A novel composite material has been produced for bone scaffolds utilizing the biodegradable polymer poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and octadecylamine functionalized nanodiamond (ND-ODA). The composites were characterized by hardness testing (Rockwell) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC analysis of the composites showed no significant thermal behavior changes when adding ND into the polymer matrix. Rockwell result shows ND-ODA improves mechanical strength of composites 4 folds. To test the usefulness of ND-ODA/PLLA as a matrix for supporting cell growth, 7F2 Osteoblasts were cultured on scaffolds for 3 days. The results showed that the addition of ND-ODA has almost no influence on cell growth, which indicates the composites are biocompatible. All these results combined suggest that ND-ODA/PLLA might provide a novel composite suitable for bone tissue engineering application.

Modulation of meningioma cell growth by sex steroid hormones in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Jay ◽  
David T. MacLaughlin ◽  
Kathleen R. Riley ◽  
Robert L. Martuza
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Meningiomas ◽  
Meningioma Cell

✓ Meningiomas were removed from four patients and estradiol binding was measured in the tumor tissue. Cell cultures were established and an in vitro system was developed to test the biological activity of physiologically relevant concentrations (10−7 M and 10−9 M) of estradiol-17pβ, progesterone, and the antiestrogen, tamoxifen, on the growth of meningioma cells in early culture (passages 3 to 5). Assays of the frozen surgical specimens demonstrated cytosolic estradiol binding, with levels of 0.3 to 26.7 femtomoles (fM)/mg protein, in all four tumors. Nuclear estradiol binding was detected in three tumors, with levels of 16.8 to 39.5 fM/mg protein. In cell culture, estradiol at either 10−7 M or 10−9 M consistently stimulated cell growth in all four cultures. When tested alone, progesterone stimulated the growth of all four tumors and tamoxifen stimulated the growth of three of the four tumors, but the levels of stimulation produced by either of these compounds were less pronounced than the level produced by estradiol. When tested in combination with estradiol, progesterone significantly inhibited the growth stimulation produced by estradiol in all four meningioma cultures and tamoxifen significantly inhibited estradiol-induced growth stimulation in three of four cultures. It is not known if these effects are mediated by a hormone receptor or by a hormone binder different from a true receptor, or if they are caused by alterations in cellular metabolism that are independent of specific hormone binding. However, the authors conclude that this in vitro technique can be used to further study the biological activity of hormones on human meningiomas in order to answer these questions.

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