scholarly journals Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts: Recent Findings in Hydrogenation Reactions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Marta A. Andrade ◽  
Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
Solid Supports ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Palladium Nanocatalysts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Hydrogenation Reactions ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Major Factors

Catalysis has witnessed a dramatic increase on the use of metallic nanoparticles in the last decade, opening endless opportunities in a wide range of research areas. As one of the most investigated catalysts in organic synthesis, palladium finds numerous applications being of significant relevance in industrial hydrogenation reactions. The immobilization of Pd nanoparticles in porous solid supports offers great advantages in heterogeneous catalysis, allowing control of the major factors that influence activity and selectivity. The present review deals with recent developments in the preparation and applications of immobilized Pd nanoparticles on solid supports as catalysts for hydrogenation reactions, aiming to give an insight on the key factors that contribute to enhanced activity and selectivity. The application of mesoporous silicas, carbonaceous materials, zeolites, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as supports for palladium nanoparticles is addressed.

China’s shadow banking sector: beneficial or harmful to economic growth?

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Barth ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Wen Shi ◽  
Pei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Shadow Banking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Made In

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine recent developments pertaining to China’s shadow banking sector. Shadow banking has the potential not only to be a beneficial contributor to continued economic growth, but also to contribute to systematic instability if not properly monitored and regulated. An assessment is made in this paper as to whether shadow banking is beneficial or harmful to China’s economic growth. Design/methodology/approach – The authors start with providing an overview of shadow banking from a global perspective, with information on its recent growth and importance in selected countries. The authors then focus directly on China’s shadow banking sector, with information on the various entities and activities that comprise the sector. Specifically, the authors examine the interconnections between shadow banking and regular banking in China and the growth in shadow banking to overall economic growth, the growth in the money supply and the growth in commercial bank assets. Findings – Despite the wide range in the estimates, the trend in the size of shadow banking in China has been upward over the examined period. There are significant interconnections between the shadow banking sector and the commercial banking sector. Low deposit rate and high reserve requirement ratios have been the major factors driving its growth. Shadow banking has been a contributor, along with money growth, to economic growth. Practical implications – The authors argue that shadow banking may prove useful by diversifying China’s financial sector and providing greater investments and savings opportunities to consumers and businesses throughout the country, if the risks of shadow banking are adequately monitored and controlled. Originality/value – To the authors’ knowledge, this paper is among the few to systematically evaluate the influence of shadow banking on China’s economic growth.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Lead and Lead-Free Halide Perovskite Nanostructures towards Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2569
Author(s):  
Chaitanya B. Hiragond ◽  
Niket S. Powar ◽  
Su-Il In
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Crystallographic Defects

Perovskite materials have been widely considered as emerging photocatalysts for CO2 reduction due to their extraordinary physicochemical and optical properties. Perovskites offer a wide range of benefits compared to conventional semiconductors, including tunable bandgap, high surface energy, high charge carrier lifetime, and flexible crystal structure, making them ideal for high-performance photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Notably, defect-induced perovskites, for example, crystallographic defects in perovskites, have given excellent opportunities to tune perovskites’ catalytic properties. Recently, lead (Pb) halide perovskite and their composites or heterojunction with other semiconductors, metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal complexes, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been well established for CO2 conversion. Besides, various halide perovskites have come under focus to avoid the toxicity of lead-based materials. Therefore, we reviewed the recent progress made by Pb and Pb-free halide perovskites in photo-assisted CO2 reduction into useful chemicals. We also discussed the importance of various factors like change in solvent, structure defects, and compositions in the fabrication of halide perovskites to efficiently convert CO2 into value-added products.

scholarly journals Recent developments in the control of selectivity in hydrogenation reactions by confined metal functionalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8140-8172
Author(s):  
Moussa Zaarour ◽  
Jurjen Cazemier ◽  
Javier Ruiz-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Selective Hydrogenation ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Porous Solid ◽  
Solid Matrices ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Hydrogenation Reactions ◽  
Metal Organic

Confining metal active species in the voids of porous solid matrices such as zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can bring fascinating key advantages in the field of selective hydrogenation reactions.

scholarly journals Synthesis and post-synthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1222-C1222
Author(s):  
Andrew Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Metal Salt ◽  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Covalent Modifications

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are currently attracting considerable interest due to their porosity, and the exploitation of this in a wide range of applications as diverse as hydrogen storage, carbon capture, catalysis and drug delivery. Here we present our recent work on the preparation of functionalised MOFs through two post-synthetic modification protocols. We have used a range of organic transformations including oxidations and tandem modifications involving either diazonium salt formation or reductive amination to undertake covalent modifications of reactive 'tag' groups on the linkers.[1] In addition, we have used a post-synthetic exchange approach to substitute one linker with another. We have compared the MOFs prepared post-synthetically with those that can be accessed by direct combination of metal salt and functionalised linker. We also report on the synthesis and structure of mixed-component MOFs, in which two or more linking ligands have the same structural role.[2] We reveal the role of solubility in the uneven distribution of the ligands in the crystals, and illustrate how the ratio of ligands used in the synthesis can affect the pore structure. Finally we present recent developments in the synthesis of MOFs containing the biologically active molecule deferiprone, and show how this can be released from MOF.[3] This illustrates the potential of MOFs to act as reservoirs for drug molecules.

scholarly journals Word learning and lexical development across the lifespan

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1536) ◽  
pp. 3607-3615 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gareth Gaskell ◽  
Andrew W. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Infant Language ◽  
The Relationship

Word learning is one of the core components of language acquisition. In this article, we provide an overview of the theme issue on word learning, describing some of the ways in which research in the area has progressed and diverged. In recent years, word learning has become central in a wider range of research areas, and is important to research on adult, as well as child and infant language. We introduce 10 papers that cover the recent developments from a wide range of perspectives, focusing on developmental research, the influence of reading skills, neuroimaging and the relationship between word learning and general models of memory.

scholarly journals Applicability of Spray Drying Technique to Prepare Nano-Micro Carriers: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Archana Mishra ◽  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Kuber Chandra Bhainsa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Spray Dried

Nano-micro carriers loaded with drugs and active biomolecules have gained a lot of attention in the field of health care, agriculture, and the food industry. Various methods have been explored to synthesize nano-micro carriers. However, there is still a constant search to develop a method for the preparation of a large quantity of nano-micro carriers with high loading efficiency. In this regard, spray drying could be a potential technique because of its inherent features like ease to operate, cost-effectiveness, environment-friendly, single step, and scalable. In this review, the focus is on the applicability of spray drying technique to prepare nano-micro carriers which are loaded with drugs, microorganisms, and other active molecules. Subsequently, the application and usefulness of spray-dried products in different research areas like the food industry, remediation of heavy metals and bioprocessing, and drug delivery have been presented. Furthermore, advantages, limitations, and recent developments in the area of spray drying have been discussed. This review presents a glimpse of spray drying techniques to synthesize nano-micro carriers with a wide range of applications.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in High-Performance Membranes for CO2 Separation

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Zi Tong ◽  
Ali K. Sekizkardes
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid ◽  
Polymers Of Intrinsic Microporosity

In this perspective article, we provide a detailed outlook on recent developments of high-performance membranes used in CO2 separation applications. A wide range of membrane materials including polymers of intrinsic microporosity, thermally rearranged polymers, metal–organic framework membranes, poly ionic liquid membranes, and facilitated transport membranes were surveyed from the recent literature. In addition, mixed matrix and polymer blend membranes were covered. The CO2 separation performance, as well as other membrane properties such as film flexibility, processibility, aging, and plasticization, were analyzed.

scholarly journals Researching language and cognition in bilinguals

2021 ◽  
pp. 136700692110228
Author(s):  
Bene Bassetti ◽  
Luna Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: This article reviews recent research on the relationship between language and thinking in bilinguals. Approach: The paper reviews aspects of previous research, and links it to the articles in this special issue. Conclusions: Research on language and cognition in bilinguals requires both depth (in-depth investigations of one area in order to test approaches and methods) and breadth (investigations of a wide range of research areas). It should cover all levels of language and all aspects of cognition, in line with the latest theoretical and methodological developments in relevant disciplines (e.g. using linguistic and non-linguistic tasks, collecting quantitative and qualitative data). Originality and significance: This introduction discusses important theoretical and methodological aspects of recent developments in the field.

Structural and electronic properties of defects in semiconductors

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
J.L. Batstone
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Device ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Misfit Strain ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Semiconductor Thin Films ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Film Substrate

The development of growth techniques such as metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and molecular beam epitaxy during the last fifteen years has resulted in the growth of high quality epitaxial semiconductor thin films for the semiconductor device industry. The III-V and II-VI semiconductors exhibit a wide range of fundamental band gap energies, enabling the fabrication of sophisticated optoelectronic devices such as lasers and electroluminescent displays. However, the radiative efficiency of such devices is strongly affected by the presence of optically and electrically active defects within the epitaxial layer; thus an understanding of factors influencing the defect densities is required.Extended defects such as dislocations, twins, stacking faults and grain boundaries can occur during epitaxial growth to relieve the misfit strain that builds up. Such defects can nucleate either at surfaces or thin film/substrate interfaces and the growth and nucleation events can be determined by in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document