scholarly journals Applicability of Spray Drying Technique to Prepare Nano-Micro Carriers: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Archana Mishra ◽  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Kuber Chandra Bhainsa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Spray Dried

Nano-micro carriers loaded with drugs and active biomolecules have gained a lot of attention in the field of health care, agriculture, and the food industry. Various methods have been explored to synthesize nano-micro carriers. However, there is still a constant search to develop a method for the preparation of a large quantity of nano-micro carriers with high loading efficiency. In this regard, spray drying could be a potential technique because of its inherent features like ease to operate, cost-effectiveness, environment-friendly, single step, and scalable. In this review, the focus is on the applicability of spray drying technique to prepare nano-micro carriers which are loaded with drugs, microorganisms, and other active molecules. Subsequently, the application and usefulness of spray-dried products in different research areas like the food industry, remediation of heavy metals and bioprocessing, and drug delivery have been presented. Furthermore, advantages, limitations, and recent developments in the area of spray drying have been discussed. This review presents a glimpse of spray drying techniques to synthesize nano-micro carriers with a wide range of applications.

scholarly journals Spray Drying for the Encapsulation of Oils—A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nameer Khairullah Mohammed ◽  
Chin Ping Tan ◽  
Yazid Abd Manap ◽  
Belal J. Muhialdin ◽  
Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Encapsulation Methods

The application of the spray drying technique in the food industry for the production of a broad range of ingredients has become highly desirable compared to other drying techniques. Recently, the spray drying technique has been applied extensively for the production of functional foods, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Encapsulation using spray drying is highly preferred due to economic advantages compared to other encapsulation methods. Encapsulation of oils using the spray drying technique is carried out in order to enhance the handling properties of the products and to improve oxidation stability by protecting the bioactive compounds. Encapsulation of oils involves several parameters—including inlet and outlet temperatures, total solids, and the type of wall materials—that significantly affect the quality of final product. Therefore, this review highlights the application and optimization of the spray drying process for the encapsulation of oils used as food ingredients.

scholarly journals Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts: Recent Findings in Hydrogenation Reactions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Marta A. Andrade ◽  
Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
Solid Supports ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Palladium Nanocatalysts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Hydrogenation Reactions ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Major Factors

Catalysis has witnessed a dramatic increase on the use of metallic nanoparticles in the last decade, opening endless opportunities in a wide range of research areas. As one of the most investigated catalysts in organic synthesis, palladium finds numerous applications being of significant relevance in industrial hydrogenation reactions. The immobilization of Pd nanoparticles in porous solid supports offers great advantages in heterogeneous catalysis, allowing control of the major factors that influence activity and selectivity. The present review deals with recent developments in the preparation and applications of immobilized Pd nanoparticles on solid supports as catalysts for hydrogenation reactions, aiming to give an insight on the key factors that contribute to enhanced activity and selectivity. The application of mesoporous silicas, carbonaceous materials, zeolites, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as supports for palladium nanoparticles is addressed.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Therapeutic and Nutraceutical Applications of p-Methoxycinnamic Acid from Plant Origin

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3827
Author(s):  
Anna Płowuszyńska ◽  
Anna Gliszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Methoxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Activities

The p-methoxycinnamic acid (p-MCA) is one of the most studied phenylpropanoids with high importance not only in the wide spectrum of therapeutic activities but also its potential application for the food industry. This natural compound derived from plants exhibits a wide range of biologically useful properties; therefore, during the last two decades it has been extensively tested for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications. This article presents the natural sources of p-MCA, its metabolism, pharmacokinetic properties, and safety of its application. The possibilities of using this dietary bioactive compound as a nutraceutical agent that may be used as functional food ingredient playing a vital role in the prevention and treatment of many chronic diseases is also discussed. We present the antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, hepato-, and neuroprotective activities of p-MCA and methods of its lipophilization that have been developed so far to increase its industrial application and bioavailability in the biological systems.

scholarly journals Dielectric Properties of ZnO-Based Nanocomposites and Their Potential Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Daljeet Kaur ◽  
Amardeep Bharti ◽  
Tripti Sharma ◽  
Charu Madhu
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications

Energy storage devices constitute one of the research areas in recent years. Capacitors are commonly used for the storage of electrical energy. The current research is focusing on not only the improvement in energy density but also the materials which are environment friendly. Polymer composites are known to be technically essential materials owing to their wide range of applications. Enormous research has been devoted to zinc oxide- (ZnO-) based polymer nanocomposites, due to their extraordinary dielectric properties. This review article presents a detailed study of the dielectric properties of ZnO-based nanocomposites. The dielectric constant study includes the effect of transition metals and rare earth metals as a dopant in ZnO. This review gives an insight into the mechanism responsible for the variation of dielectric constant in ZnO nanocomposites due to various factors like size of nanoparticles, thickness of the thin film, operating frequency, doping concentration, and atomic number. The observations have been summarized to convey the mechanism and structural changes involved in the ZnO nanocomposites to the researchers. The deployment of biodegradable nanocomposite materials is expected to open an innovative way for their outstanding electronic applications as storage materials.

scholarly journals Impact of the Purification Process on the Spray-Drying Performances of the Three Families of Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Produced by Bacillus subtilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Vassaux ◽  
Marie Rannou ◽  
Soline Peers ◽  
Théo Daboudet ◽  
Philippe Jacques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Purification Step ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lipopeptide Biosurfactant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spray Dried

Lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis display many activities (surfactant, antimicrobial, and antitumoral), which make them interesting compounds with a wide range of applications. During the past years, several processes have been developed to enable their production and purification with suitable yield and purity. The already implemented processes mainly end with a critical drying step, which is currently achieved by freeze-drying. In this study, the possibility to replace this freeze-drying step with a spray-drying one, more suited to industrial applications, was analyzed. After evaluating their thermal resistance, we have developed a spray-drying methodology applicable for the three lipopeptides families produced by B. subtilis, i.e., surfactin, mycosubtilin (iturin family), and plipastatin (fengycin family). For each lipopeptide, the spray-drying procedure was applied at three steps of the purification process by ultrafiltration (supernatant, diafiltered solution, and pre-purified fraction). The analysis of the activities of each spray-dried lipopeptide showed that this drying method is not decreasing its antimicrobial and biosurfactant properties. The methodology developed in this study enabled for the first time the spray-drying of surfactin, without adjuvants’ addition and regardless of the purification step considered. In the case of fengycin and mycosubtilin, only diafiltered solution and purified fraction could be successfully spray-dried without the addition of adjuvant. Maltodextrin addition was also investigated as the solution for the direct drying of supernatant. As expected, the performances of the spray-drying step and the purity of the powder obtained are highly related to the purification step at which the product was dried. Interestingly, the impact of mycosubtilin concentration on spray-drying yield was also evidenced.

scholarly journals Word learning and lexical development across the lifespan

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1536) ◽  
pp. 3607-3615 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gareth Gaskell ◽  
Andrew W. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Infant Language ◽  
The Relationship

Word learning is one of the core components of language acquisition. In this article, we provide an overview of the theme issue on word learning, describing some of the ways in which research in the area has progressed and diverged. In recent years, word learning has become central in a wider range of research areas, and is important to research on adult, as well as child and infant language. We introduce 10 papers that cover the recent developments from a wide range of perspectives, focusing on developmental research, the influence of reading skills, neuroimaging and the relationship between word learning and general models of memory.

scholarly journals Standardization of Aquafaba Production and Application in Vegan Mayonnaise Analogs

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue He ◽  
Sarah K. Purdy ◽  
Timothy J. Tse ◽  
Bunyamin Tar’an ◽  
Venkatesh Meda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Food Emulsions ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Product Solution ◽  
Spray Dried

Canning or boiling pulse seeds in water produces a by-product solution, called “aquafaba”, that can be used as a plant-based emulsifier. One of the major problems facing the commercialization of aquafaba is inconsistency in quality and functionality. In this study, chickpea aquafaba production and drying methods were optimized to produce standardized aquafaba powder. Aquafaba samples, both freeze-dried and spray-dried, were used to make egg-free, vegan mayonnaise. Mayonnaise and analog physicochemical characteristics, microstructure, and stability were tested and compared to mayonnaise prepared using egg yolk. Chickpeas steeped in water at 4 °C for 16 h, followed by cooking at 75 kPa for 30 min at 116 °C, yielded aquafaba that produced the best emulsion qualities. Both lyophilization and spray drying to dehydrate aquafaba resulted in powders that retained their functionality following rehydration. Mayonnaise analogs made with aquafaba powder remained stable for 28 days of storage at 4 °C, although their droplet size was significantly higher than the reference sample made with egg yolk. These results show that aquafaba production can be standardized for optimal emulsion qualities, and dried aquafaba can mimic egg functions in food emulsions and has the potential to produce a wide range of eggless food products.

scholarly journals Researching language and cognition in bilinguals

2021 ◽  
pp. 136700692110228
Author(s):  
Bene Bassetti ◽  
Luna Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: This article reviews recent research on the relationship between language and thinking in bilinguals. Approach: The paper reviews aspects of previous research, and links it to the articles in this special issue. Conclusions: Research on language and cognition in bilinguals requires both depth (in-depth investigations of one area in order to test approaches and methods) and breadth (investigations of a wide range of research areas). It should cover all levels of language and all aspects of cognition, in line with the latest theoretical and methodological developments in relevant disciplines (e.g. using linguistic and non-linguistic tasks, collecting quantitative and qualitative data). Originality and significance: This introduction discusses important theoretical and methodological aspects of recent developments in the field.

Optimization of Microcrystalline Cellulose PH 101, Lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 To Obtain Co-Processed Excipient Through Spray Drying

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusuma P. ◽  
Syukri Y ◽  
Sholehuddin F. ◽  
Fazzri N. ◽  
Romdhonah . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Physical Mixtures ◽  
Spray Dried

The most efficient tablet processing method is direct compression. For this method, the filler-binder can be made by coprocessing via spray drying method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spray dried co-processing on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 as well as to define the optimum proportions. Spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 were varied in 13 different mixture design proportions to obtain compact, free-flowing filler-binder co-processed excipients (CPE). Compactibility and flow properties became the key parameters to determine the optimum proportions of CPE that would be compared to their physical mixtures. The result showed that the optimum proportion of CPE had better compactibility and flow properties than the physical mixtures. The optimum CPE, consisting of only MCC PH 101 and Kollidon® K 30 without lactose, that were characterized using infrared spectrophotometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated no chemical change therein. Therefore, this study showed that spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 could be one of the filler-binder alternatives for direct compression process.

Insights into Potent Therapeutical Antileukemic Agent L-glutaminase Enzyme Under Solid-state Fermentation: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasai Potla Durthi ◽  
Madhuri Pola ◽  
Satish Babu Rajulapati ◽  
Anand Kishore Kola
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hybridoma Technology ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Glutaminase Activity

Aim & objective: To review the applications and production studies of reported antileukemic drug L-glutaminase under Solid-state Fermentation (SSF). Overview: An amidohydrolase that gained economic importance because of its wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as the food industry, is L-glutaminase. The medical applications utilized it as an anti-tumor agent as well as an antiretroviral agent. L-glutaminase is employed in the food industry as an acrylamide degradation agent, as a flavor enhancer and for the synthesis of theanine. Another application includes its use in hybridoma technology as a biosensing agent. Because of its diverse applications, scientists are now focusing on enhancing the production and optimization of L-glutaminase from various sources by both Solid-state Fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation studies. Of both types of fermentation processes, SSF has gained importance because of its minimal cost and energy requirement. L-glutaminase can be produced by SSF from both bacteria and fungi. Single-factor studies, as well as multi-level optimization studies, were employed to enhance L-glutaminase production. It was concluded that L-glutaminase activity achieved by SSF was 1690 U/g using wheat bran and Bengal gram husk by applying feed-forward artificial neural network and genetic algorithm. The highest L-glutaminase activity achieved under SSF was 3300 U/gds from Bacillus sp., by mixture design. Purification and kinetics studies were also reported to find the molecular weight as well as the stability of L-glutaminase. Conclusion: The current review is focused on the production of L-glutaminase by SSF from both bacteria and fungi. It was concluded from reported literature that optimization studies enhanced L-glutaminase production. Researchers have also confirmed antileukemic and anti-tumor properties of the purified L-glutaminase on various cell lines.

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