scholarly journals Biodiesel and Other Value-Added Products from Bio-Oil Obtained from Agrifood Waste

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 797
Author(s):  
Francisco José Sánchez-Borrego ◽  
Paloma Álvarez-Mateos ◽  
Juan F. García-Martín
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Promising Source

Bio-oil is a promising source of chemicals and renewable fuels. As the liquid phase obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass, the composition and amount of bio-oil generated depend not only on the type of the biomass but also on the conditions under which pyrolysis is performed. Most fossil fuels can be replaced by bio-oil-derived products. Thus, bio-oil can be used directly or co-fed along with fossil fuels in boilers, transformed into fuel for car engines by hydrodeoxygenation or even used as a more suitable source for H2 production than biomass. On the other hand, due to its rich composition in compounds resulting from the pyrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, bio-oil co-acts as a source of various value-added chemicals such as aromatic compounds. This review presents an overview of the potential applications of bio-oils and the pyrolysis conditions under which they are obtained. Then, different extraction methods for value-added chemicals, along with the most recent developments, are discussed and future research directions for bio-oil upgrades are highlighted.

scholarly journals Electroreforming of Biomass for Value-Added Products

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Zi Iun Lai ◽  
Li Quan Lee ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Biomass Reforming

Humanity’s overreliance on fossil fuels for chemical and energy production has resulted in uncontrollable carbon emissions that have warranted widespread concern regarding global warming. To address this issue, there is a growing body of research on renewable resources such as biomass, of which cellulose is the most abundant type. In particular, the electrochemical reforming of biomass is especially promising, as it allows greater control over valorization processes and requires milder conditions. Driven by renewable electricity, electroreforming of biomass can be green and sustainable. Moreover, green hydrogen generation can be coupled to anodic biomass electroforming, which has attracted ever-increasing attention. The following review is a summary of recent developments related to electroreforming cellulose and its derivatives (glucose, hydroxymethylfurfural, levulinic acid). The electroreforming of biomass can be achieved on the anode of an electrochemical cell through electrooxidation, as well as on the cathode through electroreduction. Recent advances in the anodic electroreforming of cellulose and cellulose-derived glucose and 5-hydrooxylmethoylfurural (5-HMF) are first summarized. Then, the key achievements in the cathodic electroreforming of cellulose and cellulose-derived 5-HMF and levulinic acid are discussed. Afterward, the emerging research focusing on coupling hydrogen evolution with anodic biomass reforming for the cogeneration of green hydrogen fuel and value-added chemicals is reviewed. The final chapter of this paper provides our perspective on the challenges and future research directions of biomass electroreforming.

scholarly journals Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol into Hydrogen and Value-Added Chemicals: Recent Research Advances

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Yulin Hu ◽  
Quan He ◽  
Chunbao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cooking Oils

In recent decades, the use of biomass as alternative resources to produce renewable and sustainable biofuels such as biodiesel has gained attention given the situation of the progressive exhaustion of easily accessible fossil fuels, increasing environmental concerns, and a dramatically growing global population. The conventional transesterification of edible, nonedible, or waste cooking oils to produce biodiesel is always accompanied by the formation of glycerol as the by-product. Undeniably, it is essential to economically use this by-product to produce a range of valuable fuels and chemicals to ensure the sustainability of the transesterification process. Therefore, recently, glycerol has been used as a feedstock for the production of value-added H2 and chemicals. In this review, the recent advances in the catalytic conversion of glycerol to H2 and high-value chemicals are thoroughly discussed. Specifically, the activity, stability, and recyclability of the catalysts used in the steam reforming of glycerol for H2 production are covered. In addition, the behavior and performance of heterogeneous catalysts in terms of the roles of active metal and support toward the formation of acrolein, lactic acid, 1,3-propanediol, and 1,2-propanediol from glycerol are reviewed. Recommendations for future research and main conclusions are provided. Overall, this review offers guidance and directions for the sufficient and economical utilization of glycerol to generate fuels and high value chemicals, which will ultimately benefit industry, environment, and economy.

scholarly journals Characterization of selected pyrolysis products of diseased orange wood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 7118-7126
Author(s):  
Carolina Kravetz ◽  
Carlos Leca ◽  
José Otávio Brito ◽  
Daniel Saloni ◽  
David C. Tilotta
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Immediate Analysis ◽  
Orange Trees

Orange trees in Brazil are often burned as a means of eradication when they become infected with Huanglongbing disease. Rather than destroying them, which is a low-value proposition, one potential option is to utilize the biomass through pyrolysis. In this preliminary work, orange trees (Citrus sinensis) otherwise selected for purging, were sampled and pyrolyzed at 500 °C, and the charcoal and bio-oil were evaluated for potential value-added use. The results showed that the pyrolysis process resulted in 26.3% charcoal, 57.6% bio-oil, and 16.0% non-condensable gases. Qualitative analysis of the bio-oil by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry found 178 chemical compounds; however, only 25% of those compounds could be reliably identified. Potential applications of the compounds identified in the bio-oil were determined by examining the published literature, and it was found that at least 73% of them showed promise. Finally, initial studies on the immediate analysis of the pyrolysis charcoal showed that it potentially meets the standards set forth for Brazilian domestic use.

scholarly journals Valorization of Mushroom By-Products as a Source of Value-Added Compounds and Potential Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Antunes ◽  
Sara Marçal ◽  
Oludemi Taofiq ◽  
Alcina M. M. B. Morais ◽  
Ana Cristina Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food System ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, the food sector is highly concerned with environmental issues and foreseen to develop strategies to reduce waste and losses resulting from activities developed in the food system. An approach is to increment added value to the agro-industrial wastes, which might provide economic growth and environmental protection, contributing to a circular economy. Mushroom by-products represent a disposal problem, but they are also promising sources of important compounds, which may be used due to their functional and nutritional properties. Research has been developed in different fields to obtain value added solutions for the by-products generated during mushroom production and processing. Bioactive compounds have been obtained and applied in the development of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations. Additionally, other applications have been explored and include animal feed, fertilizer, bioremediation, energy production, bio-based materials, cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the relevant composition of mushroom by-products and discuss their potential as a source of functional compounds and other applications. Future research needs to explore pilot and industrial scale extraction methods to understand the technological feasibility and the economic sustainability of the bioactive compounds extraction and valorization towards different applications.

scholarly journals Smart Logistics – Conceptualization and Empirical Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Woschank ◽  
Helmut Zsifkovits
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Smart Logistics ◽  
Technological Concepts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Research Frameworks ◽  
Holistic Research

Industry 4.0 approaches have gained increasing relevance and impact on logistics research and practical applications. However, logistics research often focuses on the investigation of isolated concepts, which leads to a systematic neglect of more holistic research frameworks. Therefore, this paper conceptualises Smart Logistics as an important element within the context of Industry 4.0 approaches. Furthermore, a set of technological concepts for Smart Logistics is identified and potential applications are outlined and discussed. Moreover, the paper presents recent developments in the area of Smart Logistics based on both primary and secondary data analyses and recommends further directions for future research efforts.

scholarly journals Advances in Extraction Methods to Recover Added-Value Compounds from Seaweeds: Sustainability and Functionality

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Gabriela S. Matos ◽  
Sara G. Pereira ◽  
Zlatina A. Genisheva ◽  
Ana Maria Gomes ◽  
José A. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Industrial Practice ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Seaweeds are a renewable natural source of valuable macro and micronutrients that have attracted the attention of the scientists in the last years. Their medicinal properties were already recognized in the ancient traditional Chinese medicine, but only recently there has been a considerable increase in the study of these organisms in attempts to demonstrate their health benefits. The extraction process and conditions to be used for the obtention of value-added compounds from seaweeds depends mainly on the desired final product. Thermochemical conversion of seaweeds, using high temperatures and solvents (including water), to obtain high-value products with more potential applications continues to be an industrial practice, frequently with adverse impact on the environment and products’ functionality. However more recently, alternative methods and approaches have been suggested, searching not only to improve the process performance, but also to be less harmful for the environment. A biorefinery approach display a valuable idea of solving economic and environmental drawbacks, enabling less residues production close to the much recommended zero waste system. The aim of this work is to report about the new developed methods of seaweeds extractions and the potential application of the components extracted.

Recent Development of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Technology and Bio-Oil Upgrading: An Overview

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Suhada Ab Rasid ◽  
M. Asadullah
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Current Status ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Biomass Fast Pyrolysis

The increasing demand of energy has led to the development of renewable energy in order to mitigate the dependency of fossil fuels. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of the most anticipated renewable energy technologies since it has a huge potential to become the efficient, environmentally sustainable, and cost effective technology for energy. Fast pyrolysis process produces liquid bio-oil as a main product, along with solid char and combustible gas. Bio-oil can be utilized for heat and power generation as well as it can be used as a feedstock for pure chemicals production. Over the last decades, numerous researches have been conducted in order to develop the process in terms of reactor design and process optimization in order to achieve the high yield of liquid with high organics and less water content. The aim of this review is to provide the state of the art on fast pyrolysis of biomass with some suggestions presented on upgrading the bio-oil. Based on the recent reactor configurations, current status of biomass fast pyrolysis in commercial scale around the world, the fuel and chemical characteristic of bio-oil compared to the conventional fossil fuels, and the potential application of bio-oil in the future, some recommendations are proposed.

A Review of Hydrogen Production Technologies

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yogi Goswami ◽  
Samantha T. Mirabal ◽  
Nitin Goel ◽  
H. A. Ingley
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production

This paper describes an overview of the present status of the conventional hydrogen production technologies and some of the recent developments in the production of hydrogen using solar energy resources. It was found that conversion of fossil fuels and biomass, electrolysis of water using solar and wind energy, and direct solar conversion by thermochemical means are some of the most significant methods of H2 production. The technological status and economic analysis for commercial and near commercial technologies using renewable energy sources such as electrolysis using PV and solar thermal power, photochemical and photoelectrochemical hydrogen production, direct thermal decomposition of water, thermochemical cycles, and biological hydrogen production are outlined. Although fossil fuels are currently the least expensive and most widely used sources of hydrogen production, it is argued from an economic analysis that renewable sources of hydrogen are the most promising options for the future. Further, solar hydrogen becomes a storable fuel that is produced from this non-storable and intermittent source of energy.

scholarly journals Antioxidants Characterization of the Fruit, Juice, and Pomace of Sweet Rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.) Cultivated in Estonia

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1779
Author(s):  
Viive Sarv ◽  
Petras Rimantas Venskutonis ◽  
Reelika Rätsep ◽  
Alar Aluvee ◽  
Rita Kazernavičiūtė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Sample ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Promising Source

This study aimed to identify promising candidates of rowanberry cultivars for a wider cultivation and utilization. Antioxidant properties and phenolic content were evaluated for fruit, juice, and pomace samples of 16 different sweet rowanberry cultivars (cvs) and wild rowanberry (S. aucuparia L.), while the antioxidant potential was assessed using three different methods, based on the capacity to scavenge ABTS●+ and DPPH● and measure the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). In general, the radical scavenging capacity was higher for hybrid cultivars, e.g., for cvs Likernaja, Burka, Granatnaja, and Rubinovaja in all assays. The highest value in the ABTS●+ assay was determined for the fruit sample Likernaja, and in DPPH● assay in the pomace sample of cv. Likernaja, at 527.55 and 1068.28 µM TE/g dw, respectively. The highest ORAC value was found in the fruit sample of Burka (456.53 µM TE/g dw). Among the Nevezhino rowans, the highest radical scavenging values of all fractions were determined in cv. Solnechnaja. Regarding the total phenolic content (TPC), higher values were obtained in the whole fruits than in separated fractions, juice, and pomace. The tested hybrids had higher TPC values, either in fruit and pomace or in juice extracts, than those in the other analyzed S. aucuparia L. cultivars. While the fruit and juice samples showed higher anthocyanin (ACY) values, the pomace samples had higher hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) contents on average. The results revealed that the different fractions of selected rowanberry cultivars can be a promising source of antioxidants and polyphenols for further potential applications. It is envisaged that the results of this study will serve in valorizing sweet rowanberry cultivars as value-added functional ingredients for food and non-food applications.

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