Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic System for Fishery Cold Storage Based on Ownership Models and Regulatory Boundaries in Indonesia

With Indonesia’s marine resources abundance, it is appropriate for Indonesia’s economic growth to gear towards the fisheries sector. Fishery management in Indonesia is still not operating optimally due to a lack of fisheries management infrastructure. This study took place at the Fish Auction Place in Dadap Village, West Java, Indonesia. The actual problem is a fluctuation in fish catch due to seasonal factors that cause instability in fish prices and fishermen’s incomes. Furthermore, there is no cold storage for storing fish when the fish are abundant so that the quality of the fish will decrease. However, fishery cold storage is energy-intensive equipment, and there is a lack of electricity infrastructure in that coastal area. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are the key for rural electricity because RES prices are lower, especially on-grid solar photovoltaic (PV), than fossil fuel-based. Consequently, the application of solar PV in Indonesia is still not optimal due to limited regulations. Regulations that hinder the economic value of On-grid PV system are the excess energy compensation percentage and the inverter capacity limitation. Therefore, in this study, we have modelled six regulatory scenarios related to On-grid PV system. The scenarios are how the current 65% excess energy compensation is changed to 85% and 100% (1:1 ratio) and remove the regulation regarding inverter capacity limitation. Furthermore, the ownership model of cold storage is also considered by dividing it into two models, which are commercial-based and community-based. These ownership models have different financial instruments. The simulation gives a new result by changing regulation assumptions that On-grid PV system has a lower Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) than existing regulation because it can produce threefold more electricity to the utility grid with higher inverter capacity. Furthermore, the community-based cold storage rental price can be 16 % cheaper on average with all energy system topologies than the commercial-based ownership model. Then, by reducing the capital costs of solar modules and batteries in 2030, solar PV system’s LCOE will be lower by an average of 20%. It will result in an average reduction of 10% on cold storage rental prices. Finally, sensitivity analysis of the energy system is also conducted in this study. The result is that On-grid PV system is the most secure energy source against price fluctuations.

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Reduction of solar photovoltaic resources due to air pollution in China

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1711462114 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 114 (45) ◽

pp. 11867-11872 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Xiaoyuan Li ◽

Fabian Wagner ◽

Wei Peng ◽

Junnan Yang ◽

Denise L. Mauzerall

Keyword(s):

Electricity Generation ◽

Eastern China ◽

Radiant Energy ◽

Energy System ◽

Performance Model ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Pv System ◽

Annual Average ◽

The Impact

Solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation is expanding rapidly in China, with total capacity projected to be 400 GW by 2030. However, severe aerosol pollution over China reduces solar radiation reaching the surface. We estimate the aerosol impact on solar PV electricity generation at the provincial and regional grid levels in China. Our approach is to examine the 12-year (2003–2014) average reduction in point-of-array irradiance (POAI) caused by aerosols in the atmosphere. We apply satellite-derived surface irradiance data from the NASA Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) with a PV performance model (PVLIB-Python) to calculate the impact of aerosols and clouds on POAI. Our findings reveal that aerosols over northern and eastern China, the most polluted regions, reduce annual average POAI by up to 1.5 kWh/m2per day relative to pollution-free conditions, a decrease of up to 35%. Annual average reductions of POAI over both northern and eastern China are about 20–25%. We also evaluate the seasonal variability of the impact and find that aerosols in this region are as important as clouds in winter. Furthermore, we find that aerosols decrease electricity output of tracking PV systems more than those with fixed arrays: over eastern China, POAI is reduced by 21% for fixed systems at optimal angle and 34% for two-axis tracking systems. We conclude that PV system performance in northern and eastern China will benefit from improvements in air quality and will facilitate that improvement by providing emission-free electricity.

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Microgeneration of Electricity Using a Solar Photovoltaic System in Ireland

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12234600 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (23) ◽

pp. 4600 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vinay Virupaksha ◽

Mary Harty ◽

Kevin McDonnell

Keyword(s):

Voltage Regulation ◽

Photovoltaic System ◽

Electrical Network ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Pv System ◽

Community Based ◽

Payback Time ◽

Residential Units ◽

Solar Pv System

Microgeneration of electricity using solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is a sustainable form of renewable energy, however uptake in Ireland remains very low. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of the community-based roof top solar PV microgeneration system to supply electricity to the grid, and to explore a crowd funding mechanism for community ownership of microgeneration projects. A modelled microgeneration project was developed: the electricity load profiles of 68 residential units were estimated; a community-based roof top solar PV system was designed; an electricity network model, based on a real network supplying a town and its surrounding areas, was created; and power flow analysis on the electrical network for system peak and minimum loads was carried out. The embodied energy, energy payback time, GHG payback time, carbon credits and financial cost relating to the proposed solar PV system were calculated. Different crowdfunding models were assessed. Results show the deployment of community solar PV system projects have significant potential to reduce the peak demand, smooth the load profile, assist in the voltage regulation and reduce electrical losses and deliver cost savings to distribution system operator and the consumer.

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Grid Parity of Residential Building Rooftop Solar PV in India

Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment ◽

10.13052/spee1048-4236.39142 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-40

Author(s):

Rakesh Dalal ◽

Kamal Bansal ◽

Sapan Thapar

Keyword(s):

Residential Building ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Indian Government ◽

Pv System ◽

Pv Systems ◽

Grid Parity ◽

Solar Pv System ◽

Utility Grid ◽

Rooftop Solar

Rooftop solar photovoltaic(PV) installation in India have increased in last decade because of the flat 40 percent subsidy extended for rooftop solar PV systems (3 kWp and below) by the Indian government under the solar rooftop scheme. From the residential building owner's perspective, solar PV is competitive when it can produce electricity at a cost less than or equal grid electricity price, a condition referred as “grid parity”. For assessing grid parity of 3 kWp and 2 kWp residential solar PV system, 15 states capital and 19 major cities were considered for the RET screen simulation by using solar isolation, utility grid tariff, system cost and other economic parameters. 3 kWp and 2 kWp rooftop solar PV with and without subsidy scenarios were considered for simulation using RETscreen software. We estimate that without subsidy no state could achieve grid parity for 2kWp rooftop solar PV plant. However with 3 kWp rooftop solar PV plant only 5 states could achieve grid parity without subsidy and with government subsidy number of states increased to 7, yet wide spread parity for residential rooftop solar PV is still not achieved. We find that high installation costs, subsidized utility grid supply to low energy consumer and financing rates are major barriers to grid parity.

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Experimental Investigation and Energy Performance Simulation of Mongolian Ger with ETS Heater and Solar PV in Ulaanbaatar City

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13215840 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5840

Author(s):

Bat-Erdene Bayandelger ◽

Yuzuru Ueda ◽

Amarbayar Adiyabat

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Heating System ◽

Energy System ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Comfort Level ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Pv System ◽

Performance Simulation ◽

Central Energy ◽

Indoor Comfort

There are approximately 200,000 households living in detached houses and gers (yurts) with small coal stoves that burn raw coal in Ulaanbaatar city. A proper heating system and improvement of the energy efficiency of residential dwellings are vitally important for Ulaanbaatar city to reduce air pollution as well as for the operation of the current central energy system. This study shows the experimental results for two gers with two different heating systems and different thermal insulation, for investigating the merits of each. The technical feasibility of the system consisting of an electric thermal storage (ETS) heater with a daytime charging schedule and areal photovoltaic (PV) system was also examined by using a simulation with software developed in MATLAB (R2020a, MathWorks, USA). As a result of the experiment, the indoor comfort level and energy efficiency of the ger with added insulation and an ETS heater with nighttime charging were shown to be enhanced compared with those of the reference ger. The ger with added insulation and the ETS heater consumed 3169 kWh for electric appliances and 5989 kWh for the heating season. The simulation showed that the PV self-consumption rate is 76% for the Ger 2 with the ETS heater because of the daytime charging schedule of the ETS heater. The PV system supplied 31% of the total energy consumed, with the remaining 69% from the main grid.

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Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis for Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic Systems

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12071213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1213 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. Sayed ◽

M. El-Shimy ◽

M. El-Metwally ◽

M. Elshahed

Keyword(s):

Block Diagram ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Pv System ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Pv Systems ◽

Area Of Interest ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Maintainability Analysis ◽

Ram Analysis

Recently, solar power generation is significantly contributed to growing renewable sources of electricity all over the world. The reliability and availability improvement of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems has become a critical area of interest for researchers. Reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) is an engineering tool used to address operational and safety issues of systems. It aims to identify the weakest areas of a system which will improve the overall system reliability. In this paper, RAM analysis of grid-connected solar-PV system is presented. Elaborate RAM analysis of these systems is presented starting from the sub-assembly level to the subsystem level, then the overall system. Further, an improved Reliability Block Diagram is presented to estimate the RAM performance of seven practical grid-connected solar-PV systems. The required input data are obtained from worldwide databases of failures, and repair of various subassemblies comprising various meteorological conditions. A novel approach is also presented in order to estimate the best probability density function for each sub-assembly. The monitoring of the critical subassemblies of a PV system will increase the possibility not only for improving the availability of the system, but also to optimize the maintenance costs. Additionally, it will inform the operators about the status of the various subsystems of the system.

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Solar Concentrators In Malaysia: Towards The Development Of Low Cost Solar Photovoltaic Systems

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v55.914 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Firdaus Muhammad Sukki ◽

Roberto Ramirez Iniguez ◽

Scott G. Mcmeekin ◽

Brian G. Stewart ◽

Barry Clive

Keyword(s):

Financial Analysis ◽

Low Cost ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Financial Benefit ◽

Pv System ◽

Solar Concentrators ◽

Pv Systems ◽

Solar Pv System

Solar energy has become a matter of global attention in the past few years. This paper explores the use and benefit of solar concentrators in the solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. First, a short literature review of previous research on the usage of solar concentrators in improving solar PV system performance and reducing the cost of implementation is presented. This is followed by an overview of SolarBrane, an example of a Building Integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system which uses an optical concentrator in the solar PV design. An optimised design of the SolarBrane is also discussed afterwards. A financial benefit study is conducted to compare the average return of investment of using the optimised SolarBrane and traditional solar PV installed in Malaysia’s environment. SolarBrane has proven to be a good alternative to achieve costeffective solar PV system. The financial analysis simulated under the new Malaysian Feed–In Tariff scheme indicates that the optimised SolarBrane could potentially reduce the initial cost of implementation by 40% and generate higher return, close to 20%, when compared to traditional solar PV systems. Key words: Solar photovoltaic; solar concentrator; solarBrane; dielectric totally internally reflecting concentrator; financial analysis

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Solar Photovoltaic Power Prediction Using Big Data Tools

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132413685 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 13685

Author(s):

Mariz B. Arias ◽

Sungwoo Bae

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Solar Irradiance ◽

Weather Data ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Power Prediction ◽

Pv System ◽

Generation Planning ◽

Solar Pv System

Solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has been continually growing to be utilized in a grid-connected or stand-alone network. However, since the generation of solar PV power is highly variable because of different factors, its accurate forecasting is critical for a reliable integration to the grid and for supplying the load in a stand-alone network. This paper presents a prediction model for calculating solar PV power based on historical data, such as solar PV data, solar irradiance, and weather data, which are stored, managed, and processed using big data tools. The considered variables in calculating the solar PV power include solar irradiance, efficiency of the PV system, and characteristics of the PV system. The solar PV power profiles for each day of January, which is a summer season, were presented to show the variability of the solar PV power in numerical examples. The simulation results show relatively accurate forecasting with 17.57 kW and 2.80% as the best root mean square error and mean relative error, respectively. Thus, the proposed solar PV power prediction model can help power system engineers in generation planning for a grid-connected or stand-alone solar PV system.

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Feasibility Study of Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic (PV) System for Primary School in Johor

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i1.pp233-240 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Siti Amely Jumaat ◽

Adhwa Amsyar Syazwan Ab Majid ◽

Chin Kim Gan ◽

Mohd Noor Abdullah ◽

Nur Hanis Radzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Institution ◽

Project Planning ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

System Implementation ◽

Huge Amount ◽

Pv System ◽

Pv Module ◽

Solar Pv System ◽

The Cost

This project aims to determine the potential of grid connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) implementation and project planning of solar PV System in school. Generally, the educational institution used huge amount of electricity to operate so their monthly bills is expensive. Therefore, the project planning is necessary to determine the potential of solar PV system implementation. The project planning consists of the current electricity consumed by the school and the amount of 120W Monocrystalline PV module needed by them. The cost of project are determines to identify the initial cost of this project implementation. Lastly, analysis on the profit collected by SK Pintas Raya after 20 years of solar PV system implementation proved the importance of this project.

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Demand Side Management using Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Energy System

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.a1604.109119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 4190-4194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Energy Management ◽

Electricity Market ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Energy System ◽

Electrical Network ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Pv System ◽

Great Cost ◽

The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of investments in DSM technologies in Palestinian electricity market in order to solve the problem of supply shortages in electrical network, especially in peak demand periods. Renewable hybrid system, which can explore solar PV source at low cost, is a popular choice for this purpose nowadays, optimal energy management solutions can be obtained with great cost savings and active control performance. This paper analyzes the performance and feasibility of implementation DSM system in Palestinian distribution network, using on-grid PV system and energy management system.

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Design of Augmented Cooling System for Urban Solar PV System

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202133503002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 335 ◽

pp. 03002

Author(s):

Chong Jia Joon ◽

Kelvin Chew Wai Jin

Keyword(s):

Cooling System ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Pv System ◽

Pv Panel ◽

Solar Pv System ◽

Low Efficiency ◽

Electrical Loads ◽

Temperature Output

Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels have been widely used to convert the renewable energy from the sun to electrical energy to power electrical loads but suffers from relatively low efficiency between 15% to 22%. Typically, the panels have an average lifespan of 25 to 30 years but could degrade quicker due to the panel overheating. Beyond the optimum working temperature of 25°C, a drop of efficiency by 0.4 to 0.5% for every 1°C had been reported. For solar PV applications in urban regions, passive cooling is beneficial due to limited amount of space and lower energy consumption compared to active cooling. A solar PV system with augmented cooling was conducted at a balcony of a condominium from 10am until 2pm. The solar PV system consisted of an Arduino controller, solar panel module, temperature sensor and LCD monitor. Reusable cold and hot gel packs were attached to the bottom of the solar PV. Both setups of solar PV panel with and without the cooling system were placed at the balcony simultaneously for measurement of temperature, output voltage and current. From this research, the outcome of implementing a cooling system to the solar PV increases the efficiency of the energy conversion.

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