scholarly journals Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis for Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sayed ◽  
M. El-Shimy ◽  
M. El-Metwally ◽  
M. Elshahed
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Maintainability Analysis ◽  
Ram Analysis

Recently, solar power generation is significantly contributed to growing renewable sources of electricity all over the world. The reliability and availability improvement of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems has become a critical area of interest for researchers. Reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) is an engineering tool used to address operational and safety issues of systems. It aims to identify the weakest areas of a system which will improve the overall system reliability. In this paper, RAM analysis of grid-connected solar-PV system is presented. Elaborate RAM analysis of these systems is presented starting from the sub-assembly level to the subsystem level, then the overall system. Further, an improved Reliability Block Diagram is presented to estimate the RAM performance of seven practical grid-connected solar-PV systems. The required input data are obtained from worldwide databases of failures, and repair of various subassemblies comprising various meteorological conditions. A novel approach is also presented in order to estimate the best probability density function for each sub-assembly. The monitoring of the critical subassemblies of a PV system will increase the possibility not only for improving the availability of the system, but also to optimize the maintenance costs. Additionally, it will inform the operators about the status of the various subsystems of the system.

Grid Parity of Residential Building Rooftop Solar PV in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Rakesh Dalal ◽  
Kamal Bansal ◽  
Sapan Thapar
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Grid Parity ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Utility Grid ◽  
Rooftop Solar

Rooftop solar photovoltaic(PV) installation in India have increased in last decade because of the flat 40 percent subsidy extended for rooftop solar PV systems (3 kWp and below) by the Indian government under the solar rooftop scheme. From the residential building owner's perspective, solar PV is competitive when it can produce electricity at a cost less than or equal grid electricity price, a condition referred as “grid parity”. For assessing grid parity of 3 kWp and 2 kWp residential solar PV system, 15 states capital and 19 major cities were considered  for the RET screen simulation by using solar isolation, utility grid tariff, system cost and other economic parameters. 3 kWp and 2 kWp rooftop solar PV with and without subsidy scenarios were considered for simulation using RETscreen software. We estimate that without subsidy no state could achieve grid parity for 2kWp rooftop solar PV plant. However with 3 kWp rooftop solar PV plant only 5 states could achieve grid parity without subsidy and with government subsidy number of states increased to 7, yet wide spread parity for residential rooftop solar PV is still not achieved. We find that high installation costs, subsidized utility grid supply to low energy consumer and financing rates are major barriers to grid parity.

scholarly journals Solar Concentrators In Malaysia: Towards The Development Of Low Cost Solar Photovoltaic Systems

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firdaus Muhammad Sukki ◽  
Roberto Ramirez Iniguez ◽  
Scott G. Mcmeekin ◽  
Brian G. Stewart ◽  
Barry Clive
Keyword(s):  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Solar Pv System

Solar energy has become a matter of global attention in the past few years. This paper explores the use and benefit of solar concentrators in the solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. First, a short literature review of previous research on the usage of solar concentrators in improving solar PV system performance and reducing the cost of implementation is presented. This is followed by an overview of SolarBrane, an example of a Building Integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system which uses an optical concentrator in the solar PV design. An optimised design of the SolarBrane is also discussed afterwards. A financial benefit study is conducted to compare the average return of investment of using the optimised SolarBrane and traditional solar PV installed in Malaysia’s environment. SolarBrane has proven to be a good alternative to achieve costeffective solar PV system. The financial analysis simulated under the new Malaysian Feed–In Tariff scheme indicates that the optimised SolarBrane could potentially reduce the initial cost of implementation by 40% and generate higher return, close to 20%, when compared to traditional solar PV systems. Key words: Solar photovoltaic; solar concentrator; solarBrane; dielectric totally internally reflecting concentrator; financial analysis

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of Rural Electrification Framework using Photovoltaic

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Solar Pv System

The need to electrify all rural areas in India is quite compelling. However, the focus has now shifted from traditional fuel-based systems to generate electricity to renewable sources for energy generation. Though there are subsidies and policies that encourage the use of solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems, there is a need for an appropriate framework. This framework could not only offer substantial directions but it would also act as grounds to enhance rural electrification in India using solar PVs. From this perspective, the current research attempts to structure an innovative framework for solar PV system that could facilitate rural electrification in India. In particular, the district of Damoh in Madhya Pradesh was chosen as there are many villages without electricity in this district. PVsyst software was utilized to simulate the outcomes that included mathematical models and diverse components based on PV, for simulation. Three designs were developed to facilitate the simulation. These included; PVs linked with microgrid devoid of battery, individual PV systems without microgrid link and solar PVs linked to microgrid with battey. The framework for rural electrification using solar PVs will offer policy makers with insights with regards to implementing PV systems. It will also offer inputs as to the feasibility of implementing a specific system on several parameters. These would comprise of; number of households within a village, detached households etc. Nonetheless, research in future is also warranted to explore the scope for other sources of renewable energy.

scholarly journals Potential Effect and Analysis of High Residential Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Penetration to an Electric Distribution Utility (DU)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Tamba Dellosa
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Load Profile ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Electric Distribution

The Renewable Energy Act of 2008 in the Philippines provided an impetus for residential owners to explore solar PV installations at their own rooftops through the Net-Metering policy. The Net-Metering implementation through the law however presented some concerns with inexperienced electric DU on the potential effect of high residential solar PV system installations. It was not known how a high degree of solar integration to the grid can possibly affect the operations of the electric DU in terms of energy load management. The primary objective of this study was to help the local electric DU in the analysis of the potential effect of high residential solar PV system penetration to the supply and demand load profile in an electric distribution utility (DU) grid in the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines. The energy consumption profiles in the year 2015 were obtained from the electric DU operating in the area. An average daily energy demand load profile was obtained from 0-hr to the 24th hour of the day based from the figures provided by the electric DU. The assessment part of the potential effect of high solar PV system integration assumed four potential total capacities from 10 Mega Watts (MW) to 40 MW generated by all subscribers in the area under study at a 10 MW interval. The effect of these capacities were measured and analyzed with respect to the average daily load profile of the DU. Results of this study showed that a combined installations beyond 20 MWp coming from all subscribers is not viable for the local electric DU based on their current energy demand or load profile. Based from the results obtained, the electric DU can make better decisions in the management of high capacity penetration of solar PV systems in the future, including investment in storage systems when extra capacities are generated.Article History: Received July 15th 2016; Received in revised form Sept 23rd 2016; Accepted Oct 1st 2016; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Dellosa, J. (2016) Potential Effect and Analysis of High Residential Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Penetration to an Electric Distribution Utility (DU). Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(3), 179-185.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.3.179-185

scholarly journals A Review of Smartphone Applications for Solar Photovoltaic Use: Current Status, Limitations, and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2178
Author(s):  
Heejin Seo ◽  
Jangwon Suh
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Smartphone Applications ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems

Smartphones and tablets can be effectively used in the solar photovoltaic (PV) energy field for different purposes because of their versatile capabilities incorporating hardware and software functionalities. These multifarious capabilities enable new approaches for measuring and visualizing data that are seldom available in conventional computing platforms. In this study, 100 accessible smartphone applications (apps) developed in the solar PV energy sector were investigated. The apps were categorized based on their main function as follows: computation of sun position, PV system optimal settings, PV site investigation, potential assessment of PV systems, environmental and economic assessment of PV systems, monitoring and control of PV systems, and education and learning for PV system. Each of these categories was further divided based on principal features or functions. Exemplary apps were chosen for each category and their characteristics and usefulness were investigated. Moreover, the apps for roof or rooftops and those that require built-in or external sensors were organized and analyzed according to their topic and functionality. Limitations regarding app implementation in solar PV and implications for future improvement as an alternative solar design tools were discussed. This study has significance in that it has first presented the current applicability and future perspectives of solar PV smartphone apps. Furthermore, they can be effectively used by the energy prosumers as an analysis tool for energy design due to evolving smartphone sensor technologies current opportunity factors.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals Shared Solar and Battery Storage Configuration Effectiveness for Reducing the Grid Reliance of Apartment Complexes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moiz Masood Syed ◽  
Gregory M. Morrison ◽  
James Darbyshire
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Battery Storage ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Apartment Complexes

More than 2 million houses in Australia have installed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems; however, apartment buildings have adopted a low percentage of solar PV and battery storage installations. Given that grid usage reduction through PV and battery storage is a primary objective in most residential buildings, apartments have not yet fully benefited from installations of such systems. This research presents shared microgrid configurations for three apartment buildings with PV and battery storage and evaluates the reduction in grid electricity usage by analyzing self-sufficiency. The results reveal that the three studied sites at White Gum Valley achieved an overall self-sufficiency of more than 60%. Owing to the infancy of the shared solar and battery storage market for apartment complexes and lack of available data, this study fills the research gap by presenting preliminary quantitative findings from implementation in apartment buildings.

scholarly journals Study on Premature Failure of PV Systems in Malaysia using FMEA and Integrated ISM Approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Tan Dei Han ◽  
Mohamad Rosman M. Razif ◽  
Shaharin A. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic System

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems has the potential of supplying infinite electricity from renewable energy to rural areas around Malaysia. Various preterm failures happening frequently on the system lead to its drop in efficiency and breakdown. Lack of studies on the system in Malaysia hinders the development in terms of operation and maintenance. There is no proper documentation relevant to the premature failure of the system in Malaysia. The main objective of this project is to study the nature of premature failure of stand-alone solar photovoltaic system in Malaysia in order to improve the operation and maintenance of the system. The present study would provide reference for proper planning on operation and maintenance of the PV system. The study was conducted base on expert’s input and extensive literature survey. FMEA method and ISM approach are applied to analyze the data collected. Poor cooling system have the highest risk priority number. Poor workmanship is the least depending factor for premature failure to happen thus requires most attention. Highest driving force of premature failure is poor monitoring and maintenance. More focus should be given to these premature failure during the planning for operation and maintenance due to its severity and impact.

scholarly journals Critical Review of PV Grid-Tied Inverters

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kavya Santhoshi ◽  
K. Mohana Sundaram ◽  
Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban ◽  
Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen ◽  
Prabhakaran K. K.
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Grid Codes ◽  
Pv Grid ◽  
Support Devices

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems have been in use predominantly since the last decade. Inverter fed PV grid topologies are being used prominently to meet power requirements and to insert renewable forms of energy into power grids. At present, coping with growing electricity demands is a major challenge. This paper presents a detailed review of topological advancements in PV-Grid Tied Inverters along with the advantages, disadvantages and main features of each. The different types of inverters used in the literature in this context are presented. Reactive power is one of the ancillary services provided by PV. It is recommended that reactive power from the inverter to grid be injected for reactive power compensation in localized networks. This practice is being implemented in many countries, and researchers have been trying to find an optimal way of injecting reactive power into grids considering grid codes and requirements. Keeping in mind the importance of grid codes and standards, a review of grid integration, the popular configurations available in literature, Synchronization methods and standards is presented, citing the key features of each kind. For successful integration with a grid, coordination between the support devices used for reactive power compensation and their optimal reactive power capacity is important for stability in grid power. Hence, the most important and recommended intelligent algorithms for the optimization and proper coordination are peer reviewed and presented. Thus, an overview of Solar PV energy-fed inverters connected to the grid is presented in this paper, which can serve as a guide for researchers and policymakers.

scholarly journals The Technical Challenges Facing the Integration of Small-Scale and Large-scale PV Systems into the Grid: A Critical Review

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alshahrani ◽  
Siddig Omer ◽  
Yuehong Su ◽  
Elamin Mohamed ◽  
Saleh Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Technical Challenges ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

Decarbonisation, energy security and expanding energy access are the main driving forces behind the worldwide increasing attention in renewable energy. This paper focuses on the solar photovoltaic (PV) technology because, currently, it has the most attention in the energy sector due to the sharp drop in the solar PV system cost, which was one of the main barriers of PV large-scale deployment. Firstly, this paper extensively reviews the technical challenges, potential technical solutions and the research carried out in integrating high shares of small-scale PV systems into the distribution network of the grid in order to give a clearer picture of the impact since most of the PV systems installations were at small scales and connected into the distribution network. The paper reviews the localised technical challenges, grid stability challenges and technical solutions on integrating large-scale PV systems into the transmission network of the grid. In addition, the current practices for managing the variability of large-scale PV systems by the grid operators are discussed. Finally, this paper concludes by summarising the critical technical aspects facing the integration of the PV system depending on their size into the grid, in which it provides a strong point of reference and a useful framework for the researchers planning to exploit this field further on.

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