scholarly journals Hydropower Potential from the AUSINO Drinking Water System

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Viccione ◽  
Rosaria Amato ◽  
Massimo Martucciello
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Water System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Pressure Relief Valves

The urban water cycle spends energy to provide communities drinking water and to treat produced wastewater. The same cycle can also provide energy by exploiting the kinetic energy of water flowing into the network to turn turbines and generate electricity. In this framework, this work focuses on the hydropower potential arising from the installation of a water turbine at the end of the pipeline of the water supply system “New Aqueduct”, managed by the “Ausino S.p.A. Servizi Idrici Integrati” in the Campania Region, Italy. The plant allows to reach—in some circumstances—a minimum power level at which the return of the investment occurs in a reasonable time period. In facts, the supply system exhibits somewhere pressure heads of up to hundreds meters, a matter which has been seen of a certain relevance as attenuation systems such as pressure relief valves were adopted to reduce pressure levels. Today, this related 'waste of available potential energy’ can be conveniently avoided by installing proper energy recovery apparatuses as detailed in this study.

Accuracy in water losses estimation in the distribution network - the Paris case

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
One Year ◽  
Water Metering

The yield of a distribution network represents one of the indicators most commonly used by water distributors to account for the state of the volumes of losses over a given period or to measure the evolution of these losses from one year to the next, generally speaking. However, contrary to what might be thought, complex situations and very differing interpretations are to be found on the back of the result of the calculation of the volumes of water lost in the distribution network. A study of drinking water network yield was carried out in Paris in 2001 so as to get a better grasp of the developments recorded since 1987. The consequences of the changes that have taken place during this period have each been measured: alterations to the organisation of the water system, developments affecting the structure of the supply system, technical improvements in the wholesale water metering systems and overall reduction in volumes consumed.

Application of stable isotope ratios in drinking water supply system of Ljubljana, Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polona Vreča ◽  
Klara Nagode ◽  
Tjaša Kanduč ◽  
Branka Bračič Železnik ◽  
Brigita Jamnik
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Isotopic Studies ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System

<p>The key to understand the deterioration of the quality of urban water resources is to know the impact of urbanization on the entire waterway, which can change dramatically during the extreme climatic events. Various geochemical parameters, including stable isotope ratios of light elements (H, O, C), represent an important tool to investigate water sources, transport routes, and the mixing of individual components of the water cycle. They are indispensable in urban hydrology, both for characterizing drinking water resources and for evaluating changes within a complex water system.</p><p>In Slovenia, the majority of the population is supplied with drinking water from groundwater. In Ljubljana, the capital city of Slovenia, groundwater represents the main drinking water resource.  Therefore, the knowledge and understanding of the groundwater vulnerability is important for the protection and management of water resources. In Ljubljana, the water is supplied through the central water system (WSS), more than 1.000 km long, according to the legislation and the latest standards from five different wellfields (Kleče, Hrastje, Brest, Jarški prod and Šentvid). Despite the established water protection areas, the water supply areas are exposed to the pressures of urbanization, industry, transport, agriculture and old environmental burdens, which are often unknown.</p><p>In the past, various short-term isotopic studies have been conducted and the Ljubljansko polje and Ljubljansko barje aquifers were characterized. In addition, the sources, paths and interactions of water were determined and the obtained data were used to improve the conceptual model.</p><p>However, isotopic studies of water circulation in the drinking water supply system (WSS), which would cover the simultaneous characterization of water sources and changes within the WSS, have not been performed so far. In order to assess the usefulness of isotopes more systematically, we performed the first more detail sampling of water from WSS of Ljubljana in autumn 2018. Sampling was carried out at 103 locations that were selected according to the type of facility in the WSS (i.e. 41 wells, 7 joint exits from water pumping station, 22 water reservoirs, 2  water treatment locations, 13 fountains, and 19 taps) and according to 9 different WSS areas. Additional samples were collected on River Sava, important infiltration source of groundwater, and at outflow from Ljubljana central wastewater treatment plant. This contribution focuses on presentation of changes of different parameters (i.e. temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, total alkalinity, δ<sup>18</sup>O, δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>13</sup>C) in WSS of Ljubljana.</p>

Towards a climate neutral water cycle

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Peter van der Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
System Management ◽  
And Control

Waternet, the first water cycle company in the Netherlands, is responsible for drinking water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, and water system management and control in and around Amsterdam. Waternet has the ambition to become climate neutral in 2020. To realise this ambition, measures are required to compensate for the emission of 53,000 t CO2-eq/year. Energy recovery from the water cycle looks very promising. From wastewater, ground water, surface water and drinking water, all elements of the water cycle, renewable energy can be recovered. This can be thermal energy and chemical energy. First calculations reveal that energy recovery from the water cycle in and around Amsterdam can contribute to a total reduction in greenhouse gas emissions up to 74,900 t CO2-eq/year. The challenge for the coming years is to choose robust combinations of all the possibilities to fulfil the energy demand at any time. Only then can the use of fossil fuel be abandoned and the target of becoming climate neutral in 2020 be reached.

Multi-criterion optimization of energy management in drinking systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Ramos ◽  
H. M. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Water System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Pumped Storage

In this study, two different energy sources that are connected to a pumped storage water supply system are analyzed: a water and a wind turbine. A water turbine can be integrated in a water supply system in high-pressure locations. Recently, new sources of energy production are being researched and applied due to the increase in the price of conventional energy sources and concerns regarding the damage to the environment caused by their pollutants. On the other hand, water supply systems have equipment that consumes a great deal of energy, such as water and wastewater pumping stations and treatment plants. Energy efficiency that is based on multi-criterion optimization of pump-storage/hydro/wind power management methodology has been developed to analyze the economic viability of a pumping drinking water system that may or may not be connected to a wind turbine or a small hydro whenever excess available head is present.

scholarly journals Investigating the implementation of Indonesian regulation in drinking water supply system

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
L Suminar ◽  
R Werdiningtyas ◽  
Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Abstract Drinking water is an aspect of development that has an essential function in supporting community welfare because it relates to health, social and economic conditions. Therefore, the urban water system needs good planning, design, and operational infrastructure. This paper aims to identify actors and their roles in the drinking water supply system in Indonesia. Analysis was carried out on laws and regulations related to drinking water through content analysis. The results showed that government capacity in building and administering drinking water supply system was still lacking. In addition, the government shared the responsibilities to enterprises, both owned by the government and by private institutions. Finally, it is necessary to equip and expand laws and regulations to provide drinking water distribution. The critical implication to stop the massive exploitation of groundwater for consumption includes the improvement of drinking water reliability by synergizing and integrating all attempts by various actors in providing drinking water.

Temporal variability of disinfection by-products concentration in urban public water system

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-398
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Water System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
System P ◽  
Public Water System ◽  
Drinking Water Samples ◽  
By Products

The occurrence of trihalomethanes (THMs) was studied in the drinking water samples from urban water supply network of Karachi city that served more than 18 million people. Drinking water samples were collected from 58 locations in summer (May-August) and winter (November-February) seasons. The major constituent of THMs detected was chloroform in winter (92.34%) and summer (93.07%), while the other THMs determined at lower concentrations. Summer and winter concentrations of total THMs at places exceed the levels regulated by UEPA (80 μg l-1) and WHO (100 μg l-1). GIS linked temporal variability in two seasons showed significantly higher median concentration (2.5%-23.06%) of THMs compared to winter.

DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, LEAD, COOPER AND ZINC IN DRINKING WATER FROM R. MACEDONIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264
Author(s):  
Kiril Lisichkov ◽  
Katerina Atkovska ◽  
Neven Trajchevski ◽  
Orce Popovski ◽  
Nadica Todorovska
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The City

The presence of some chemical compounds at higher levels than maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in the drinking water, suggests of water resources pollution. In this paper the following elements were analyzed: total arsenic, cadmium, lead, cooper and zinc. Twelve samples of water from the water supply system from the city of Skopje were examined during one year from three different springs. Also, ten samples of bottled water from three producers from the Macedonian market were tested.The determined average mass concentrations of total As, Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) in the analyzed water samples from the water supply system are 1.35 μg/l, 0.06 μg/l, 0.6 μg/l, 0.9 μg/l and 1,12 μg/l, respectively, and for the tested bottled water, the mean values ranges from 0.56 - 0.83 μg total As / l, 0.053 - 0.056 μg Cd(II)/l, 0.51 - 0.54 μg Pb(II)/l , 0.6 - 0.87 μg Cu(II)/l and 0.68 - 0.8 μg Zn(II)/l water.The following instrumental analytical methods and techniques were used for the analysis of the tested samples of drinking water: flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic absorption spectroscopy with hydride cеll, electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy.The obtained results are shown in tables and graphic form. According to the obtained results a comparative analysis was carried out indicate that it is a water of good quality that can be used in different branches of the process industry.The obtained results in this paper do not exceed the values of the MPC of the Republic of Macedonia prescribed by the legal regulations for the drinking water, which confirm the health safety of the drinking water from the water supply system in the city of Skopje and the packed waters from the Macedonian market in relation to the tested elements.

System Analysis of Source Water Indicators at Drinking Water Production in the Central Water Supply System

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
G A Blagodatsky ◽  
A A Bass ◽  
M M Gorokhov ◽  
D S Ponomarev
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Работа посвящена системному анализу данных показателей исходной воды при производстве питьевой воды в системе центрального водоснабжения крупного населенного пункта. На сегодняшний день на фоне увеличивающегося негативного антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду наблюдается ухудшение состояния многих источников питьевого водоснабжения в широком спектре показателей, в частности, таких как органолептические свойства воды. Как следствие, возникает проблема и для питьевой воды. В работе приводится процесс подготовки данных о параметрах исходной воды, забираемой из водохранилища, которые ежемесячно (с 2002 по 2014 год) учитывались на предприятии при дезодорации воды. Приведенные параметры оказывают существенное влияние на органолептические свойства конечной воды. Подготовка данных для анализа проводится методом главных компонент К. Пирсона. Данные, полученные в пространстве R9, переводятся в пространство меньшей размерности R3. Понижение размерности позволяет снизить автокорреляцию между компонентами. Отбор компонент в пространство R3 проводится по правилу Парето. В пространстве R3 методом сферической кластеризации данных «Форель» с постоянным радиусом группировки проводится кластеризация. Приводится пошаговое визуальное представление алгоритма кластеризации в пространстве R3. В работе показано, что в данных показателях качества исходной воды имеются кластеры. Проводится корреляционно-регрессионный анализ данных, представленных в главных компонентах. Строятся регрессионные зависимости показателей органолептических свойств от главных компонент из пространства R3.

scholarly journals Alpha Spectrometry of Radon Short-Lived Progeny in Drinking Water and Assessment of the Public Effective Dose: Results from the Cilento Area, Province of Salerno, Southern Italy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5840
Author(s):  
Enver Faella ◽  
Simona Mancini ◽  
Michele Guida ◽  
Albina Cuomo ◽  
Domenico Guida
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
South Italy

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas present in the hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere abundantly. Its ionizing radiation provides the largest human internal exposure by inhalation and ingestion to natural sources, constituting a serious health hazard. The contribution to total exposure is mainly due to inhalation, as ingestion by food or drinking water is typically very small. However, because of public health concerns, the contributions from all these sources are limited by regulations and remedial action should be taken in the event that the defined threshold values are overcome. In this paper, the first campaign of measurements to control the radon activity concentration in drinking water from public water supplies in the province of Salerno, south Italy, is described. The results represent a main reference for the area, as it was never investigated before. The purpose of this survey was to contribute to data compilation concerning the presence of radon-222 in groundwater in the Campania region and to determine the associated risk for different age groups. The maximum radon activity concentrations and the related total annual public effective dose turned out to be lower than the threshold values (100 Bq/l and 0.1 mSv/y, respectively) indicated by international guidelines and the national regulation, showing that the health risks for public consumption can be considered negligible.

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