scholarly journals Psychophysiological Models to Identify and Monitor Elderly with a Cardiovascular Condition: The Added Value of Psychosocial Parameters to Routinely Applied Physiological Assessments

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3240
Author(s):  
Victor Kallen ◽  
Jan Willem Marck ◽  
Jacqueline Stam ◽  
Amine Issa ◽  
Bruce Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Prognostic Accuracy ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cardiovascular Diagnosis

The steadily growing elderly population calls for efficient, reliable and preferably ambulant health supervision. Since cardiovascular risk factors interact with psychosocial strain (e.g., depression), we investigated the potential contribution of psychosocial factors in discriminating generally healthy elderly from those with a cardiovascular condition, on and above routinely applied physiological assessments. Fifteen elderly (aged 60 to 88) with a cardiovascular diagnosis were compared to fifteen age and gender matched healthy peers. Six sequential standardized lab assessments were conducted (one every two weeks), including an autonomic test battery, a 6-min step test and questionnaires covering perceived psychological state and experiences over the previous two weeks. Specific combinations of physiological and psychological factors (most prominently symptoms of depression) effectively predicted (clinical) cardiovascular markers. Additionally, a highly significant prognostic model was found, including depressive symptoms, recently experienced negative events and social isolation. It appeared slightly superior in identifying elderly with or without a cardiovascular condition compared to a model that only included physiological parameters. Adding psychosocial parameters to cardiovascular assessments in elderly may consequently provide protocols that are significantly more efficient, relatively comfortable and technologically feasible in ambulant settings, without necessarily compromising prognostic accuracy.

scholarly journals Twitter: A Novel Tool for Studying the Health and Social Needs of Transgender Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan A Krueger ◽  
Sean D Young
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
News Article ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Current Events ◽  
And Gender

Background Limited research has examined the health and social needs of transgender and gender nonconforming populations. Due to high levels of stigma, transgender individuals may avoid disclosing their identities to researchers, hindering this type of work. Further, researchers have traditionally relied on clinic-based sampling methods, which may mask the true heterogeneity of transgender and gender nonconforming communities. Online social networking websites present a novel platform for studying this diverse, difficult-to-reach population. Objective The objective of this study was to attempt to examine the perceived health and social needs of transgender and gender nonconforming communities by examining messages posted to the popular microblogging platform, Twitter. Methods Tweets were collected from 13 transgender-related hashtags on July 11, 2014. They were read and coded according to general themes addressed, and a content analysis was performed. Qualitative and descriptive statistics are presented. Results There were 1135 tweets that were collected in total. Both “positive” and “negative” events were discussed, in both personal and social contexts. Violence, discrimination, suicide, and sexual risk behavior were discussed. There were 34.36% (390/1135) of tweets that addressed transgender-relevant current events, and 60.79% (690/1135) provided a link to a relevant news article or resource. Conclusions This study found that transgender individuals and allies use Twitter to discuss health and social needs relevant to the population. Real-time social media sites like Twitter can be used to study issues relevant to transgender communities.

scholarly journals Gambling Among Emerging Adults: How Gender and Risk Level Influence Associated Problem Behaviours

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D Sanscartier ◽  
Jack Shen ◽  
Jason D Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Jeunes Adultes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Problem Behaviours ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
And Gender

This study investigates mental health and substance use problems associated with gambling among Canadian emerging adults (ages 18–20 years). Drawing on a cross-sectional wave of 624 (47.8% male) participants from the Manitoba Longitudinal Study of Young Adults, our findings suggest that among emerging adults, problem gambling should be understood as part of a wider syndrome. The profile of syndromic associations varies with both problem gambling risk level and gender. With respect to risk level, regression models indicate that, relative to no-risk gamblers, lower risk gamblers are more likely to use drugs and alcohol, whereas higher risk gamblers report greater symptoms of depression and anxiety. Males and females present different barriers to recovery: High-risk female gamblers are more likely to rely on escape-avoidance coping mechanisms, whereas their male counterparts tend to lack perceived social support. Given the centrality of these two variables and the lack of literature addressing how they interact, we conclude that further research is needed to understand how gender and gambling severity interact to simultaneously influence gambling-related behaviours among emerging adults. RésuméCette étude porte sur les problèmes de santé mentale et de toxicomanie associés au jeu chez les jeunes adultes canadiens (âgés de 18 à 20 ans). Fondés sur une vague transversale de 624 participants (47,8% d’hommes) de l’étude longitudinale des jeunes adultes du Manitoba (MLSYA), nos résultats laissent entendre que, parmi les jeunes adultes, le jeu problématique devrait être abordé comme faisant partie d’un syndrome plus vaste. Le profil des associations syndromiques varie selon le niveau de risque de jeu problématique et le genre. En ce qui concerne le niveau de risque, les modèles de régression indiquent que, par rapport aux joueurs sans risque, les joueurs à faible risque sont plus susceptibles de consommer de la drogue et de l’alcool, tandis que les joueurs à risque plus élevé montrent des symptômes plus importants de dépression et d’anxiété. En parallèle, les hommes et les femmes rencontrent différents obstacles au rétablissement : les joueuses à haut risque sont plus susceptibles de compter sur des mécanismes d’adaptation comme l’échappement ou l’évitement, tandis que leurs homologues masculins ont tendance à manquer de soutien social perçu. Compte tenu de la centralité de ces deux variables et du manque de littérature traitant de leurs interactions, nous concluons qu’il est nécessaire de poursuivre les recherches pour comprendre les interactions entre le genre et la gravité du jeu pathologique afin d’influencer simultanément les comportements liés au jeu chez les jeunes adultes.

scholarly journals Quantile Regression Analysis of Depression and Clinical Symptom Degree in Chinese Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Lihui Zheng ◽  
Jianqi Yao
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quantile Regression Analysis ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Type 3

Spinal cerebellar ataxia type 3 is a common SCA subtype in the world. It is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by ataxia. Patients exhibit common neuropsychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Some patients have suicidal tendencies when they are severely depressed. So, it is very important to study the severity of depression and clinical symptoms (SARA), to find out the patient’s psychological state in time and to help patients actively respond to treatment. A total of 97 Chinese SCA3 patients were enrolled in the study. The Beck Depression Scale was used to investigate the prevalence of depression in the confirmed patients. The distribution of depression data in these patients was investigated. Then, the quantifier was used to model the depression status of Chinese SCA3 patients. An analysis was conducted to identify the key factors affecting depression under different quantiles. Studies have shown that SARA and gender are important factors affecting depression; the effect of initial SARA is small, then the degree of influence increases, and the degree of influence decreases in the later period, but it is always positively correlated with depression; the development of women’s SARA is gentler than that of men, and the degree of depression is lower than that of men.

"Tailored“ Step Test For Rapid, Accurate And Safe Vo2max Determination In Healthy Elderly.

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Cecilia Bellotti ◽  
Lorenzo Casiello ◽  
Silvia Pogliaghi
Keyword(s):  
Step Test ◽  
Healthy Elderly

The Association between Physical Activity and Depression in Older Depressed Adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Moore ◽  
Michael A. Babyak ◽  
Carrie E. Wood ◽  
Melissa A. Napolitano ◽  
Parinda Khatri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Previous studies of younger, healthy individuals have demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical activity and depression. The present study addressed the relation between self-reported physical activity and symptoms of depression in 146 men and women aged 50 years and older with major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients who met clinical criteria for MDD completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Minnesota Leisure-Time Activity Questionnaire (MQ). Multiple regression analysis indicated that lower levels of physical activity were associated with more severe depressive symptoms (p = .04), after adjusting for age and gender. The implications of these findings for the treatment and prevention of depression are discussed.

scholarly journals Activation of vasopressin system during COVID-19 is associated with adverse clinical outcomes: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Gregoriano ◽  
Alexandra Molitor ◽  
Ellen Haag ◽  
Alexander Kutz ◽  
Daniel Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Terminal Segment ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prognostic Accuracy ◽  
Hormone Homeostasis ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Median Admission

Abstract Background Activation of the vasopressin system plays a key role for the maintenance of osmotic, cardiovascular and stress hormone homeostasis during disease. We investigated levels of copeptin, the C-terminal segment of the vasopressin prohormone, that mirrors the production rate of vasopressin in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods We measured levels of copeptin on admission and after 3/4, 5/6 and 7/8 days in 74 consecutive hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients and compared its prognostic accuracy to that of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (n=876) and acute or chronic bronchitis (n=371) from a previous study by means of logistic regression analysis. The primary endpoint was all-cause 30-day mortality. Results Median admission copeptin levels in COVID-19 patients were almost 4-fold higher in non-survivors compared to survivors (49.4 pmol/L (IQR 24.9-68.9 pmol/L) vs. 13.5 pmol/L (IQR 7.0-26.7 pmol/L) resulting in an age and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 7.0 (95%CI 1.2 to 40.3), p<0.03 for mortality. Higher copeptin levels in non-survivors persisted during the short-term follow-up. Compared to the control group patients with acute/chronic bronchitis and pneumonia, COVID-19 patients did not have higher admission copeptin levels. Conclusions A pronounced activation of the vasopressin system in COVID-19 patients is associated with an adverse clinical course in COVID-19 patients. This finding, however, is not unique to COVID-19 but similar to other types of respiratory infections. .

scholarly journals The Psychological State of Family Members Who Have Experienced Various Forms of Suicide of a Loved One (Single Attempt, Chronic Suicide, Completed Suicide)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Borisonik ◽  
A.B. Kholmogorova
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Family System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The Family

The suicidal behavior of a member of a family influences the emotional well-being of his/her relatives. This paper presents the results of a pilot study of emotional well-being, coping strategies and characteristics of the family system among relatives of persons with suicidal behavior. The study involved 40 people, the total sample was divided into three subgroups: relatives of patients who survived the first suicide attempt (n = 16); relatives of patients after multiple suicide attempts (n = 10); relatives of persons who committed suicide (n = 14). In the first part of the study, the symptoms of emotional distress were analyzed for the entire sample. Relatives of people with different forms of suicidal behavior are at risk of depression: two-thirds of the combined sample showed increased symptoms of depression. The coping strategies of positive redefinition and personal growth are negatively correlated with symptoms of depression. In the second part of the study, we analyzed differences between subgroups. The severity of the symptoms of depression is significantly higher in the subgroup of relatives of people with completed suicide compared to relatives of those who survived a single suicide attempt, the indicators of hardiness and cohesion of the family system are lower in the families of people with multiple suicide attempts compared to other forms of suicidal behavior.

scholarly journals Racial and Gender Discrimination Predict Mental Health Outcomes among Healthcare Workers Beyond Pandemic-Related Stressors: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9235
Author(s):  
Rachel Hennein ◽  
Jessica Bonumwezi ◽  
Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako ◽  
Petty Tineo ◽  
Sarah Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
And Gender

Racial and gender discrimination are risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes in the general population; however, the effects of discrimination on the mental health of healthcare workers needs to be further explored, especially in relation to competing stressors. Thus, we administered a survey to healthcare workers to investigate the associations between perceived racial and gender discrimination and symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and burnout during a period of substantial stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic and a national racial reckoning. We used multivariable linear regression models, which controlled for demographics and pandemic-related stressors. Of the 997 participants (Mean Age = 38.22 years, SD = 11.77), 688 (69.01%) were White, 148 (14.84%) Asian, 86 (8.63%) Black, 73 (7.32%) Latinx, and 21 (2.11%) identified as another race. In multivariable models, racial discrimination predicted symptoms of depression (B = 0.04; SE: 0.02; p = .009), anxiety (B = 0.05; SE: 0.02; p = .004), and posttraumatic stress (B = 0.01; SE: 0.01; p = .006) and gender discrimination predicted posttraumatic stress (B = 0.11; SE: 0.05; p = .013) and burnout (B = 0.24; SE: 0.07; p = .001). Discrimination had indirect effects on mental health outcomes via inadequate social support. Hospital-wide diversity and inclusion initiatives are warranted to mitigate the adverse mental health effects of discrimination.

scholarly journals An automated Dashboard to improve laboratory COVID-19 diagnostics management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Maury ◽  
Marc-Olivier Boldi ◽  
Gilbert Greub ◽  
Valerie Chavez ◽  
Katia Jaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Added Value ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
R Shiny ◽  
And Gender

Background: In response to the CoVID-19 pandemic, our microbial diagnostic laboratory located in a university hospital has implemented several distinct SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR systems in a very short time. Thanks to our automated molecular diagnostic platform, more than 140 000 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests were achieved over 12 months, with peaks higher than 1 500 daily tests. A dashboard was developed to give access to Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to improve laboratory operational management. Methods: RT-PCR data extraction of four respiratory viruses - SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B and RSV - from our laboratory information system (LIS), was automated. Important KPIs were identified and the visualization was achieved using an in-house dashboard based on the open-source language R (Shiny). Information is updated every 4 hours. Results: The dashboard is organized into three main parts. The Filter page presents all the KPIs, divided into five sections: i) general and gender-related indicators, ii) number of tests and positivity rate, iii) cycle threshold and viral load, iv) test durations, and v) not valid results. Filtering allows to select a given period, a dedicated instrument, a given specimen, or a requester for instance. The Comparison page allows a custom charting of all the available variables, which represents more than 182 combinations. The Data page gives the user access to the raw data in table format, with the possibility of filtering, allowing for a deeper analysis and data download in Excel format. Conclusions: The dashboard, that gives a rapid access to a huge number of up-to-date information, represents a reliable and user-friendly tool improving the decision-making process, resource planning and quality management. The dashboard represent an added value for diagnosric laboratories during a pandemic, where rapid and efficient adaptation is mandatory.

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