scholarly journals Analytical TCP Model for Millimeter-Wave 5G NR Systems in Dynamic Human Body Blockage Environment

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3880
Author(s):  
Dmitri Moltchanov ◽  
Aleksandr Ometov ◽  
Pavel Kustarev ◽  
Oleg Evsutin ◽  
Jiri Hosek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Control Protocol ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Tcp Protocol ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
New Radio ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Tcp Throughput

Dynamic blockage of radio propagation paths between the user equipment (UE) and the 5G New Radio (NR) Base Station (BS) induces abrupt rate fluctuations that may lead to sub-optimal performance of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) protocol. In this work, we characterize the effects of dynamic human blockage on TCP throughput at the 5G NR air interface. To this aim, we develop an analytical model that expresses the TCP throughput as a function of the round-trip time (RTT), environmental, and radio system parameters. Our results indicate that the blockage affects TCP throughput only when the RTT is comparable to the blocked and non-blocked state durations when the frequency of state changes is high. However, such conditions are not typical for dynamic body blockage environments allowing TCP to benefit from the high bandwidth of 5G NR systems fully.

scholarly journals Customizing WLAN Access Point’s Indoor Coverage and Throughput with Corner Reflector

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Omar Abdul Aziz ◽  
Jafri Din ◽  
Rozeha A. Rashid ◽  
Mohd. Adib Sarijari ◽  
Nur Aqilah Yusri
Keyword(s):  
Potential Application ◽  
Transmission Control Protocol ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Corner Reflector ◽  
Transmission Control ◽  
Internet Connectivity ◽  
Indoor Coverage ◽  
Indoor Wireless ◽  
Tcp Throughput

Careful control of indoor wireless coverage is crucial to ensure better signal reception at user-end, mitigate interference to other adjacent wireless systems plus reduce possibility of signal reception by unintended users. Existing solutions are either costly or difficult to configure. This paper presents empirical IEEE802.11 indoor coverage and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) throughput analysis for WLAN Access Point with corner reflector. The integration of two corner reflector configurations to Access Point was shown to successfully weaken signals by up to 19 dB and 100% of TCP throughput while strengthening signals by up to 6 dB and 40% of TCP throughput for respective intended regions. The results demonstrate potential application of corner reflector to customize indoor coverage and regulate reliable internet connectivity of Access Point.

On the Performance of Transport Control Protocol in Cognitive Radio Networks

2013 ◽  
pp. 246-261
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kondareddy ◽  
Alireza Babaei ◽  
Prathima Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Transmission Control Protocol ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Control Protocol ◽  
Wired Networks ◽  
Transport Control ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks ◽  
Tcp Throughput

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the most commonly used transport protocol on the Internet. All indications assure that it will be an integral part of the future Internetworks. In this chapter, the authors present how regular TCP, which was designed for wired networks, is not suitable for dynamic spectrum access networks. They develop an analytical model to estimate the TCP throughput of dynamic spectrum access networks. Dynamic spectrum access networks deal with opportunistic spectrum access leading to greater utilization of the spectrum. The extent of utilization depends on the primary user’s traffic and also on the way the spectrum is accessed by the primary and secondary users. The proposed model considers primary and secondary user traffic in estimating the TCP throughput by modeling the spectrum access using continuous-time Markov chains, thus providing more insight on effect of dynamic spectrum access on TCP performance than the existing models.

C/U Split Multi-Connectivity in the Next Generation New Radio System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Du ◽  
Naizheng Zheng ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Jiankai Chen ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation ◽  
Radio System ◽  
New Radio

scholarly journals Smart Base Station Antenna Performance for Cellular Radio System

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
R. Ghayoula ◽  
◽  
A. Smida ◽  
A. Gharsallah ◽  
D. Grenier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Base Station ◽  
Cellular Radio ◽  
Radio System ◽  
Antenna Performance

scholarly journals KUNCI TEKNOLOGI 5G

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulil Surtia Zulpratita
Keyword(s):  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
5G Network ◽  
High Carrier

[Id] Proses kelengkapan standarisasi teknologi 5G diharapkan akan selesai sebelum Oktober 2020. Resminya standarisasi ini akan menjadi hal penting untuk komersialisasi jaringan 5G. Teknologi 5G diprediksi akan membutuhkan transformasi akan kebutuhan frekuensi carrier yang sangat tinggi dengan bandwidth yang sangat lebar, densitas ekstrim untuk berbagai divais dan base station, serta sejumlah besar antena. 5G tidak akan menjadi antarmuka udara tunggal sebagaimana pada model generasi sebelumnya. 5G diprediksi akan sangat integratif: jalinan koneksi antarmuka udara dan spektrum 5G bersama-sama dengan teknologi nirkabel yang sudah ada (misalnya: LTE dan WiFi) akan memberikan layanan dengan pesat data tinggi dan cakupan luas, serta menjamin terwujudnya pengalaman pengguna tanpa hambatan. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut, di bagian core network harus berevolusi untuk mencapai tingkat belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya dalam hal fleksibilitas dan kecerdasan, regulasi spektrum perlu dikaji kembali dan direvisi, masalah energi dan efisiensi biaya juga akan menjadi pertimbangan yang penting. Berdasarkan studi literatur yang telah dilakukan, artikel ini akan mengidentifikasi dan merumuskan empat kunci penting implementasi teknologi 5G. Kata kunci : implementasi 5G, massive MIMO, jaringan hybrid, mmWave, unified air interface [En] 5G standardization process is expected to be finished before October 2020. This standardization is essential for making 5G network commercial deployment. The 5G technology is forecasted to demand a transformation in the need for very high carrier frequencies with very extensive bandwidth, extreme density for devices and base stations, as well as large numbers of antennas. 5G will not be a distinct air interface based on Radio Access Technology as in former generation models. 5G is predicted to be immensely collaborative: the linkage of air interface and 5G spectrum together with existing wireless technologies (for example: LTE and WiFi) will provide services with universal high-rates coverage and ensure seamless user experience. To support this, the core network must also evolve to achieve an extraordinary level of adjustability and intelligence, spectral standardization needs to be reviewed and revised, energy issues and cost efficiency will also be an important attention. Based on studies that had been done, this article will discuss and identify the four significant keys to the implementation of 5G technology.

scholarly journals Comparison of TCP SIAD and TCP BBR Congestion Control in Simulated 5G Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Donát Scharnitzky ◽  
Zsolt Krämer ◽  
Sándor Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
New Radio ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Downlink Capacity ◽  
Propagation Properties

Abstract 5G cellular networks have introduced a completely novel air interface called New Radio (NR). This technology delivers numerous benefits compared to previous generations, including significantly higher peak data rates. However, due to the propagation properties of the frequencies used in NR, the volatility of the available downlink capacity also increases. In this paper, we study two TCP congestion control algorithms which are designed to be able to quickly utilize sudden increases in available capacity. We present an implementation of TCP SIAD in the ns-3 open source network simulator and compare its performance with TCP BBR using the mmWave module of the simulator.

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