Femtosecond Laser Plane-by-Plane Inscribed Cavity Mirrors for Monolithic Fiber Lasers in Thulium-Doped Fiber

A monolithic fiber laser operating in the short wavelength infrared that is suitable for CO2 gas sensing applications is proposed and presented. The current study reports a laser design based on the direct inscription of a monolithic Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity in a thulium-doped optical fiber using the femtosecond laser (FsL) plane-by-plane inscription method to produce the cavity mirrors. The FP cavity was inscribed directly into the active fiber using two wavelength-identical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), one with high and one with low reflectivity. Initially the effective length of the fiber was defined using a single high reflectivity FBG and subsequently a very weak FBG was inscribed at the other end of the fiber in order to demonstrate a fully monolithic fiber laser. All fiber lasers were designed for continuous wave operation at 1950 nm and characterized with respect to the power output, slope efficiency, stability, and effective resonator length. The performance of the presented monolithic laser cavities was evaluated using the same active fiber as a reference fiber spliced to FBGs inscribed in passive fiber; an improvement exceeding 12% slope efficiency is reported for the presented monolithic laser.

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Absorption-line-locked fiber laser for gas-sensing applications

Applied Optics ◽

10.1364/ao.46.007900 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 46 (32) ◽

pp. 7900 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Romero ◽

F. M. Araújo ◽

L. A. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Fiber Laser ◽

Absorption Line ◽

Gas Sensing ◽

Sensing Applications

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High power, 100 W-class, thulium-doped all-fiber lasers

Photonics Letters of Poland ◽

10.4302/plp.v11i4.953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Maria Michalska ◽

Paweł Grześ ◽

Jacek Swiderski

Keyword(s):

Fiber Laser ◽

Fiber Lasers ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Single Frequency ◽

Optical Parametric ◽

Quantum Electron ◽

Laser Systems ◽

Thulium Fiber Laser ◽

Fibre Amplifiers ◽

Silica Fibre

In this work, sub-kilowatt, compact thulium-doped fiber laser systems, operating at a wavelength of 1940 nm, have been presented. The continuous-wave laser power generated out of a single oscillator was 90 W with a slope efficiency of 56.7%. Applying a master oscillator – power amplifier configuration, an output power of 120.5 W with a slope efficiency of 58.2% was demonstrated. These are the first results of the works aimed at developing kW-class “eye-safe” laser systems in Poland. Full Text: PDF ReferencesZ. Liu, et al., "Implementing termination analysis on quantum programming", Sci. China Inf. Sci. 62, 41301 (2019) CrossRef S. D. Jackson, A. Sabella, D.G Lancaster, "Application and Development of High-Power and Highly Efficient Silica-Based Fiber Lasers Operating at 2 μm", IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13, 567, (2007). CrossRef E. Russell, N. Kavanagh, K. Shortiss, and F. C. G. Gunning, "Development of thulium-doped fibre amplifiers for the 2μm waveband", Proc. SPIE 10683, 106832Q (2018) CrossRef P. Peterka, B. Faure, W. Blanc, M. Karásek, and B. Dussardier, "Theoretical modelling of S-band thulium-doped silica fibre amplifiers", Opt. Quantum Electron. 36, 201 (2004) CrossRef M. Eichhorn, "Pulsed 2 μm fiber lasers for direct and pumping applications in defence and security", Proc. SPIE 7836, 78360B (2010). CrossRef O. Traxer and E. X. Keller, "Thulium fiber laser: the new player for kidney stone treatment? A comparison with Holmium:YAG laser", World J. Urol. 2019 Feb 6. doi: 10.1007/s00345-019-02654-5 CrossRef S. Das, "Optical parametric oscillator: status of tunable radiation in mid-IR to IR spectral range based on ZnGeP2 crystal pumped by solid state lasers", Opt. Quant. Electron. 51, 70 (2019) CrossRef M. Michalska, P. Hlubina, and J. Swiderski, "Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation to ∼4.7 μm in a ZBLAN Fiber Pumped by an Optical Parametric Generator", IEEE Photon. J 9, 3200207 (2017) CrossRef https://www.ipgphotonics.com DirectLink M.D. Burns, P. C. Shardlow, P. Barua, T. L. Jefferson-Brain, J. K. Sahu, and W. A.Clarkson, "47 W continuous-wave 1726 nm thulium fiber laser core-pumped by an erbium fiber laser", Opt. Lett. 44, 5230 (2019) CrossRef S.D. Jackson, "Cross relaxation and energy transfer upconversion processes relevant to the functioning of 2 μm Tm3+-doped silica fibre lasers", Opt. Commun. 230, 197 (2004). CrossRef X. Wang, P. Zhou, X. Wang, H. Xiao, and L. Si, "102 W monolithic single frequency Tm-doped fiber MOPA", Opt. Express 21, 32386 (2013) CrossRef K. Yin, R. Zhu, B. Zhang, G. Liu, P. Zhou, and J. Hou, "300 W-level, wavelength-widely-tunable, all-fiber integrated thulium-doped fiber laser", Opt. Express 24, 11085 (2016) CrossRef G. D. Goodno, L. D. Book, and J. E. Rothenberg, "600-W, single-mode, single-frequency thulium fibre laser amplifier", Proc. SPIE 7195, 71950Y (2009). CrossRef T. Ehrenreich, R. Leveille, I. Majid, K. Tankala, G. Rines, and P. Moulton, "1-kW, all-glass Tm: fiber laser", Proc. SPIE 7580, 1 (2010) DirectLink M. Michalska et al., "Highly stable, efficient Tm-doped fiber laser—a potential scalpel for low invasive surgery", Laser Phys. Lett. 13, 115101 (2016). CrossRef

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35 W continuous-wave Ho:YAG single-crystal fiber laser

High Power Laser Science and Engineering ◽

10.1017/hpl.2020.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yongguang Zhao ◽

Li Wang ◽

Weidong Chen ◽

Jianlei Wang ◽

Qingsong Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Crystal ◽

Fiber Laser ◽

Output Power ◽

High Power ◽

Slope Efficiency ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Propagation Loss ◽

Continuous Wave Output Power ◽

High Brightness ◽

Crystal Fiber

We report on a high-power Ho:YAG single-crystal fiber (SCF) laser inband pumped by a high-brightness Tm-fiber laser at 1908 nm. The Ho:YAG SCF grown by the micro-pulling-down technique exhibits a propagation loss of $0.05\pm 0.005~\text{cm}^{-1}$ at $2.09~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ . A continuous-wave output power of 35.2 W is achieved with a slope efficiency of 42.7%, which is to the best of our knowledge the highest power ever reported from an SCF-based laser in the 2 $\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ spectral range.

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High power ytterbium-doped fiber lasers — fundamentals and applications

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979214420090 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1442009 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Michalis N. Zervas

Keyword(s):

Material Processing ◽

Fiber Laser ◽

High Power ◽

Fiber Lasers ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Optical Damage ◽

Fiber Nonlinearities ◽

Fundamental Properties ◽

Power Evolution

In this paper, we summarize the fundamental properties and review the latest developments in high power ytterbium-doped fiber (YDF) lasers. The review is focused primarily on the main fiber laser configurations and the related cladding pumping issues. Special attention is placed on pump combination techniques and the parameters that affect the brightness enhancements observed in high power fiber lasers. The review also includes the major limitations imposed by fiber nonlinearities and other parasitic effects, such as optical damage, modal instabilities and photodarkening. The paper summarizes the power evolution in continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed YDF lasers and their impact on material processing and other industrial applications.

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Towards Ultimate High-power Scaling: Coherent Beam Combing of Fiber Lasers

10.20944/preprints202111.0351.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Fathi ◽

Mikko Närhi ◽

Regina Gumenyuk

Keyword(s):

Fiber Laser ◽

High Power ◽

Fiber Lasers ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Beam Quality ◽

Coherent Beam ◽

Laser Source ◽

Coherent Beam Combining ◽

Beam Combining ◽

Wide Range

Fiber laser technology has been demonstrated as a versatile and reliable approach for laser source manufacturing with a wide range of applicability in various fields ranging from science to industry. The power/energy scaling of single fiber laser systems has faced several fundamental limitations. To overcome them and to boost the power/energy level even further, combining the output powers of multiple lasers has become the primary approach. Among various combining techniques, the coherent beam combining of fiber amplification channels is the most promising approach, instrumenting ultra-high power/energy lasers with near-diffraction-limited beam quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of coherent beam combining for both continuous-wave and ultrafast fiber lasers. The concept of coherent beam combining from basic notions to specific details of methods, requirements, and challenges are discussed, along with reporting some practical architectures for both continuous and ultrafast fiber lasers.

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Towards Ultimate High-Power Scaling: Coherent Beam Combining of Fiber Lasers

Photonics ◽

10.3390/photonics8120566 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 566

Author(s):

Hossein Fathi ◽

Mikko Närhi ◽

Regina Gumenyuk

Keyword(s):

Fiber Laser ◽

High Power ◽

Fiber Lasers ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Beam Quality ◽

Coherent Beam ◽

Laser Source ◽

Coherent Beam Combining ◽

Beam Combining ◽

Wide Range

Fiber laser technology has been demonstrated as a versatile and reliable approach to laser source manufacturing with a wide range of applicability in various fields ranging from science to industry. The power/energy scaling of single-fiber laser systems has faced several fundamental limitations. To overcome them and to boost the power/energy level even further, combining the output powers of multiple lasers has become the primary approach. Among various combining techniques, the coherent beam combining of fiber amplification channels is the most promising approach, instrumenting ultra-high-power/energy lasers with near-diffraction-limited beam quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of coherent beam combining for both continuous-wave and ultrafast fiber lasers. The concept of coherent beam combining from basic notions to specific details of methods, requirements, and challenges is discussed, along with reporting some practical architectures for both continuous and ultrafast fiber lasers.

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Effect of Grain Size on Strain in a Copper Oxide Nanofilm for Gas Sensing Applications

Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics ◽

10.21272/jnep.11(5).05040 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 05040-1-05040-4

Author(s):

Sumanta Kumar Tripathy ◽

◽

Sanjay Kumar ◽

Divya Aparna Narava ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Copper Oxide ◽

Gas Sensing ◽

Sensing Applications

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Optimization of a Low-Power Chemoresistive Gas Sensor: Predictive Thermal Modelling and Mechanical Failure Analysis

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21030783 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 783 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrea Gaiardo ◽

David Novel ◽

Elia Scattolo ◽

Michele Crivellari ◽

Antonino Picciotto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Power ◽

Failure Analysis ◽

Gas Sensors ◽

High Performance ◽

Gas Sensing ◽

Mechanical Failure ◽

Sensing Applications ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Sensing Material ◽

Silicon Bulk

The substrate plays a key role in chemoresistive gas sensors. It acts as mechanical support for the sensing material, hosts the heating element and, also, aids the sensing material in signal transduction. In recent years, a significant improvement in the substrate production process has been achieved, thanks to the advances in micro- and nanofabrication for micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technologies. In addition, the use of innovative materials and smaller low-power consumption silicon microheaters led to the development of high-performance gas sensors. Various heater layouts were investigated to optimize the temperature distribution on the membrane, and a suspended membrane configuration was exploited to avoid heat loss by conduction through the silicon bulk. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies focused on predictive models for the optimization of the thermal and mechanical properties of a microheater. In this work, three microheater layouts in three membrane sizes were developed using the microfabrication process. The performance of these devices was evaluated to predict their thermal and mechanical behaviors by using both experimental and theoretical approaches. Finally, a statistical method was employed to cross-correlate the thermal predictive model and the mechanical failure analysis, aiming at microheater design optimization for gas-sensing applications.

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