scholarly journals Design and Numerical Analysis of a Graphene-Coated SPR Biosensor for Rapid Detection of the Novel Coronavirus

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3491
Author(s):  
Tarik Bin Abdul Akib ◽  
Samia Ferdous Mou ◽  
Md. Motiur Rahman ◽  
Md. Masud Rana ◽  
Md. Rabiul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spr Biosensor ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In this paper, a highly sensitive graphene-based multiple-layer (BK7/Au/PtSe2/Graphene) coated surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is proposed for the rapid detection of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). The proposed sensor was modeled on the basis of the total internal reflection (TIR) technique for real-time detection of ligand-analyte immobilization in the sensing region. The refractive index (RI) of the sensing region is changed due to the interaction of different concentrations of the ligand-analyte, thus impacting surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excitation of the multi-layer sensor interface. The performance of the proposed sensor was numerically investigated by using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The proposed SPR biosensor provides fast and accurate early-stage diagnosis of the COVID-19 virus, which is crucial in limiting the spread of the pandemic. In addition, the performance of the proposed sensor was investigated numerically with different ligand-analytes: (i) the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as ligand and the COVID-19 virus spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) as analyte, (ii) the virus spike RBD as ligand and the virus anti-spike protein (IgM, IgG) as analyte and (iii) the specific probe as ligand and the COVID-19 virus single-standard ribonucleic acid (RNA) as analyte. After the investigation, the sensitivity of the proposed sensor was found to provide 183.33°/refractive index unit (RIU) in SPR angle (θSPR) and 833.33THz/RIU in SPR frequency (SPRF) for detection of the COVID-19 virus spike RBD; the sensitivity obtained 153.85°/RIU in SPR angle and 726.50THz/RIU in SPRF for detection of the anti-spike protein, and finally, the sensitivity obtained 140.35°/RIU in SPR angle and 500THz/RIU in SPRF for detection of viral RNA. It was observed that whole virus spike RBD detection sensitivity is higher than that of the other two detection processes. Highly sensitive two-dimensional (2D) materials were used to achieve significant enhancement in the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift detection sensitivity and plasmonic properties of the conventional SPR sensor. The proposed sensor successfully senses the COVID-19 virus and offers additional (1 + 0.55) × L times sensitivity owing to the added graphene layers. Besides, the performance of the proposed sensor was analyzed based on detection accuracy (DA), the figure of merit (FOM), signal-noise ratio (SNR), and quality factor (QF). Based on its performance analysis, it is expected that the proposed sensor may reduce lengthy procedures, false positive results, and clinical costs, compared to traditional sensors. The performance of the proposed sensor model was checked using the TMM algorithm and validated by the FDTD technique.

Surface plasmon coupled emission as a novel analytical platform for the sensitive detection of cysteine

2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradyumna Mulpur ◽  
Aditya Kurdekar ◽  
Ramakrishna Podila ◽  
Apparao M. Rao ◽  
Venkataramaniah Kamisetti
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Medical Relevance

Abstract Thiolated amino acids are biologically important molecules due to their role in protein folding and structure. One such molecule is cysteine (Cys) which acts as a biomarker for diseases like Cancer, HIV, Sepsis, etc. making its rapid detection imperative and essential. In this study, we report the sensitive detection of the thiolated amino acid Cys, from the non-thiolated amino acid arginine (Arg), using the novel Surface Plasmon Coupled Emission (SPCE) platform, characterized with high signal to noise ratios. Our studies were performed on the conventional silver (Ag) SPCE substrate, where Cys was detected to a nanomolar level which is a major improvement to the previously reported level of sensitivity. This can be attributed to the highly sensitive SPCE platform and the unique thiol-Ag interactions associated specifically with Cys. We have also shown the role and influence of the coating process on sensitivity of detection, and substantiated the advantages of SPCE over the SPR based strategy of detection. The simplistic and economical SPCE platform enabled the sensitive detection of Cys that is of biological and medical relevance.

Surface plasmon coupled emission as a novel analytical platform for the sensitive detection of cysteine

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradyumna Mulpur ◽  
Aditya Kurdekar ◽  
Ramakrishna Podila ◽  
Apparao M. Rao ◽  
Venkataramaniah Kamisetti
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Medical Relevance

AbstractThiolated amino acids are biologically important molecules due to their role in protein folding and structure. One such molecule is cysteine (Cys), which acts as a biomarker for diseases like cancer, HIV, sepsis, etc., making its rapid detection imperative and essential. In this study, we report the sensitive detection of the thiolated amino acid Cys, from the non-thiolated amino acid arginine (Arg), using the novel surface plasmon coupled emission (SPCE) platform, characterized with high signal-to-noise ratios. Our studies were performed on the conventional silver (Ag) SPCE substrate, where Cys was detected to a nanomolar level, which is a major improvement to the previously reported level of sensitivity. This can be attributed to the highly sensitive SPCE platform and the unique thiol-Ag interactions associated specifically with Cys. We have also shown the role and influence of the coating process on sensitivity of detection and substantiated the advantages of SPCE over the SPR-based strategy of detection. The simplistic and economical SPCE platform enabled the sensitive detection of Cys that is of biological and medical relevance.

scholarly journals Blocking Effect of Demethylzeylasteral on the Interaction between Human ACE2 Protein and SARS-CoV-2 RBD Protein Discovered Using SPR Technology

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Zhi-Ling Zhu ◽  
Xiao-Dan Qiu ◽  
Shuo Wu ◽  
Yi-Tong Liu ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Blocking Effect ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Binding Affinities ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Effective Drugs

The novel coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV) has been affecting global health since the end of 2019, and there is no sign that the epidemic is abating. Targeting the interaction between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor is a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used as the primary method to screen a library of 960 compounds. A compound 02B05 (demethylzeylasteral, CAS number: 107316-88-1) that had high affinities for S-RBD and ACE2 was discovered, and binding affinities (KD, μM) of 02B05-ACE2 and 02B05-S-RBD were 1.736 and 1.039 μM, respectively. The results of a competition experiment showed that 02B05 could effectively block the binding of S-RBD to ACE2 protein. Furthermore, pseudovirus infection assay revealed that 02B05 could inhibit entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus into 293T cells to a certain extent at nontoxic concentration. The compoundobtained in this study serve as references for the design of drugs which have potential in the treatment of COVID-19 and can thus accelerate the process of developing effective drugs to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.

scholarly journals Synthesis and immunological evaluation of synthetic peptide based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyu Zhao ◽  
Yanan Gao ◽  
Min Xiao ◽  
Xuefei Huang ◽  
Xuanjun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Peptide Epitopes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Immunological Evaluation

For prevention of the coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, an effective vaccine is critical. Herein, several potential peptide epitopes from the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 have...

Nanovaccine: A hope to triumph the battle against novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Singh ◽  
Anand Maurya ◽  
Gaurav Mishra ◽  
Rajendra Awasthi ◽  
Kamal Dua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Peptide Vaccines ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Major Target

Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection has caused the global emergence of coronavirus in humans during the last 12 months. Till May 11, 2021, the confirmed global COVID-19 cases and deaths reached 158551526 and 3296855, respectively. Methods: Goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose act as the initial infection site of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, mucus immunity is important to protect from infection. The outburst of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be halted only when an effective vaccine will be developed. Results: Globally, over 100 different vaccines are under investigation, including DNA vaccines, RNA vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, recombinant/ subunit protein vaccines, peptide vaccines, and virus-like particles etc. Inactivated virus vaccines and mRNA, and adenovirus-based vaccines have moved fast into clinical trials. Conclusion: : Vaccines containing spike protein of SARS-CoV as subunit could effectively prevent binding of coronavirus to the host cell and membrane fusion. Thus, spike protein can be used as a major target for subunit vaccine preparation.

scholarly journals Kajian Pengaruh Material Graphene pada kinerja Biosensor Berbasis Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) pada Deteksi Makanan Halal sebagai Pendukung Halal Research Center UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Wida Yanti ◽  
Asih Melati
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Spr Biosensor

<p><br />Halal foods and medicines are an absolute daily needs for the Muslim community in Indonesia. Therefore the authority institutions in indonesian goverment should ensure the availability of this. It is of course inseparable from the role of higher education through the development of its technology to develop halal detection of foods and drugs. This study is an effort to contribute to the Halal Research Center of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta through the biosensor development in halal detection foods and medicines based on biosensor SPR. This device using graphene materials to improve the detection sensitivity of pork gelatin material that is likely contained in foodstuffs and medicine. From analytical calculation and computation, enhancement of the SPR biosensor performance by involvement graphene it was shown through the ATR (Attenuated Total Reflectance) reflective curve. The result of this results was found the enhancement of the sensitivity 2,86 %.</p><p>Keyword: Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), Porcine Gelatin, Graphene, ATR</p>

Highly sensitive and wide-dynamic-range liquid-prism surface plasmon resonance refractive index sensor based on the phase and angular interrogations

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 022401-22405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Lan Guoqiang Lan ◽  
Shugang Liu Shugang Liu ◽  
Xueru Zhang Xueru Zhang ◽  
Yuxiao Wang Yuxiao Wang ◽  
and Yinglin Song and Yinglin Song
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Wide Dynamic Range ◽  
Highly Sensitive

scholarly journals Recent advances in surface plasmon resonance imaging: detection speed, sensitivity, and portability

Nanophotonics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjun Zeng ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Dayong Gu ◽  
Jianan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Spr Biosensor ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wavelength Filter ◽  
Detection Speed

AbstractSurface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is a powerful tool for studying the kinetics of biomolecular interactions because they offer unique real-time and label-free measurement capabilities with high detection sensitivity. In the past two decades, SPR technology has been successfully commercialized and its performance has continuously been improved with lots of engineering efforts. In this review, we describe the recent advances in SPR technologies. The developments of SPR technologies focusing on detection speed, sensitivity, and portability are discussed in details. The incorporation of imaging techniques into SPR sensing is emphasized. In addition, our SPR imaging biosensors based on the scanning of wavelength by a solid-state tunable wavelength filter are highlighted. Finally, significant advances of the vast developments in nanotechnology-associated SPR sensing for sensitivity enhancements are also reviewed. It is hoped that this review will provide some insights for researchers who are interested in SPR sensing, and help them develop SPR sensors with better sensitivity and higher throughput.

scholarly journals The local topological free energy of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quenisha Baldwin ◽  
Bobby G Sumpter ◽  
Eleni Panagiotou
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Method ◽  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Structural Rearrangement ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infects human cells using a mechanism that involves binding and structural rearrangement of its spike protein. Understanding protein rearrangement and identifying specific residues where mutations affect protein rearrangement has attracted a lot of attention for drug development. We use a mathematical method introduced in [9] to associate a local topological/geometrical free energy along the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein backbone. Our results show that the total local topological free energy of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein monotonically decreases from pre-to post-fusion and that its distribution along the protein domains is related to their activity in protein rearrangement. By using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with inclusion of solvent effects, we show that high local topological free energy conformations are unstable compared to those of low topological free energy. By comparing to experimental data, we find that the high local topological free energy conformations in the spike protein are associated with mutations which have the largest experimentally observed effect to protein rearrangement.

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