scholarly journals Public Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Shared Autonomous Vehicles Services in Nagoya, Japan

Smart Cities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Hao ◽  
Yanyan Li ◽  
Toshiyuki Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Public Preferences ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
The Relationship

Shared autonomous vehicle systems are anticipated to offer cleaner, safer, and cheaper mobility services when autonomous vehicles are finally implemented on the roads. The evaluation of people’s intentions regarding shared autonomous vehicle services appears to be critical prior to the promotion of this emerging mobility on demand approach. Based on a stated preference survey in Nagoya, Japan, the preference for shared autonomous vehicle services as well as willingness to pay for these services were examined among 1036 respondents in order to understand the relationship between people’s socioeconomic characteristics and their preferred shared autonomous vehicle services. For this purpose, k-modes clustering technique was selected and six clusters were obtained. Six groups with respect to different interests on shared autonomous vehicle services were clustered. The result of correlation analysis and discussion of willingness to pay on services provided insightful results for the future shared autonomous vehicle services. This study not only aids in revealing the demands of customer different clusters, but also states the prospective needs of users for stakeholders from research, policymaker and industry field, who are preparing to work on promoting shared autonomous vehicle systems, and subsequently, develops an optimum transportation mode by considering both demand and services as a whole.

scholarly journals Who Is Willing to Share Their AV? Insights about Gender Differences among Seven Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4769
Author(s):  
Amalia Polydoropoulou ◽  
Ioannis Tsouros ◽  
Nikolas Thomopoulos ◽  
Cristina Pronello ◽  
Arnór Elvarsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Willingness To Adopt

The introduction of shared autonomous vehicles into the transport system is suggested to bring significant impacts on traffic conditions, road safety and emissions, as well as overall reshaping travel behaviour. Compared with a private autonomous vehicle, a shared automated vehicle (SAV) is associated with different willingness-to-adopt and willingness-to-pay characteristics. An important aspect of future SAV adoption is the presence of other passengers in the SAV—often people unknown to the cotravellers. This study presents a cross-country exploration of user preferences and WTP calculations regarding mode choice between a private non-autonomous vehicle, and private and shared autonomous vehicles. To explore user preferences, the study launched a survey in seven European countries, including a stated-preference experiment of user choices. To model and quantify the effect of travel mode attributes and socio-demographic characteristics, the study employs a mixed logit model. The model results were the basis for calculating willingness-to-pay values for all countries and travel modes, and provide insight into the significant heterogeneous, gender-wise effect of cotravellers in the choice to use an SAV. The study results highlight the importance of analysis of the effect of SAV attributes and shared-ride conditions on the future acceptance and adoption rates of such services.

Incorporating Attitudinal Factors to Examine Adoption of and Willingness to Pay for Autonomous Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (8) ◽  
pp. 418-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Asgari ◽  
Xia Jin
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Attitudinal Factors

Results from a recent consumer survey were thoroughly analyzed in relation to willingness to adopt and willingness to pay (WTP) for different autonomous vehicle (AV) features. Four different levels of automation were considered including basic vehicles, adding advanced features, partial automation, and full automation. A structural equations model with latent variables was employed, which simultaneously regressed adoption and WTP levels against a variety of available variables including socioeconomic and demographic attributes, private car usage habits, and attitudinal preferences/personal opinions. To address the endogeneity in personal attitudes, these variables were added to the model as latent factors. Accordingly, the analysis revealed four major latent attitudinal factors, respectively labeled as “joy of driving,”“mode choice reasoning,”“trust,” and “technology savviness.” Model results indicated that those who enjoy driving were the hardest to persuade towards AV adoption or to pay for automated features. On the other hand, technology savvy people showed higher tendency towards AV adoption. When it comes to factors affecting mode choice including travel time, travel cost, and functionality, people are willing to pay more for automated features when they believe that these features and services will provide them better utility, in relation to time and cost savings, convenience, stress reduction, and quality of life, and so forth. Interestingly, individuals with trust concerns showed higher WTP values, which may indicate that the market believes autonomous vehicles will bring more privacy and protection, at least compared with existing shared mobility or public transit options.

scholarly journals Autonomous vehicles and smart cities: future directions of ownership vs shared mobility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacer-Eddine Bezai ◽  
◽  
Benachir Medjdoub ◽  
Fodil Fadli ◽  
Moulay Larby Chalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
The Future ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Over the last decade, there has been increasing discussions about self-driving cars and how most auto-makers are racing to launch these products. However, this discourse is not limited to transportation only, but how such vehicles will affect other industries and specific aspects of our daily lives as future users such as the concept of work while being driven and productivity, entertainment, travel speed, and deliveries. Although these technologies are beneficial, access to these potentials depends on the behaviour of their users. There is a lack of a conceptual model that elucidate the acceptance of people to Self-driving cars. Service on-demand and shared mobility are the most critical factors that will ensure the successful adoption of these cars. This paper presents an analysis of public opinions in Nottingham, UK, through a questionnaire about the future of Autonomous vehicles' ownership and the extent to which they accept the idea of vehicle sharing. Besides, this paper tests two hypotheses. Firstly, (a) people who usually use Public transportation like (taxi, bus, tram, train, carpooling) are likely to share an Autonomous Vehicle in the future. Secondly, (b) people who use Private cars are expected to own an Autonomous Vehicle in the future. To achieve this aim, a combination of statistical methods such as logistic regression has been utilised. Unexpectedly, the study findings suggested that AVs ownership will increase contrary to what is expected, that Autonomous vehicles will reduce ownership. Besides, participants have shown low interest in sharing AVs. Therefore, it is likely that ownership of AVs will increase for several reasons as expressed by the participants such as safety, privacy, personal space, suitability to children and availability. Actions must be taken to promote shared mobility to avoid AVs possession growth. The ownership diminution, in turn, will reduce traffic congestion, energy and transport efficiency, better air quality. That is why analysing the factors that influence the mindset and attitude of people will enable us to understand how to shift from private cars to transport-on-demand, which is a priority rather than promoting the technology.

scholarly journals Shared Autonomous Vehicles Effect on Vehicle-Km Traveled and Average Trip Duration

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana T. Moreno ◽  
Andrzej Michalski ◽  
Carlos Llorca ◽  
Rolf Moeckel
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Trip Duration ◽  
Conventional Vehicle ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The Impact

Intermediate modes of transport, such as shared vehicles or ride sharing, are starting to increase their market share at the expense of traditional modes of car, public transport, and taxi. In the advent of autonomous vehicles, single occupancy shared vehicles are expected to substitute at least in part private conventional vehicle trips. The objective of this paper is to estimate the impact of shared autonomous vehicles on average trip duration and vehicle-km traveled in a large metropolitan area. A stated preference online survey was designed to gather data on the willingness to use shared autonomous vehicles. Then, commute trips and home-based other trips were generated microscopically for a synthetic population in the greater Munich metropolitan area. Individuals who traveled by auto were selected to switch from a conventional vehicle to a shared autonomous vehicle subject to their willingness to use them. The effect of shared autonomous vehicles on urban mobility was assessed through traffic simulations in MATSim with a varying autonomous taxi fleet size. The results indicated that the total traveled distance increased by up to 8% after autonomous fleets were introduced. Current travel demand can still be satisfied with an acceptable waiting time when 10 conventional vehicles are replaced with 4 shared autonomous vehicles.

Attitudes on Autonomous Vehicle Adoption using Interpretable Gradient Boosting Machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 865-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongwoo Lee ◽  
John Mulrow ◽  
Chana Joanne Haboucha ◽  
Sybil Derrible ◽  
Yoram Shiftan
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Purchase Cost ◽  
Gradient Boosting Machine

This article applies machine learning (ML) to develop a choice model on three choice alternatives related to autonomous vehicles (AV): regular vehicle (REG), private AV (PAV), and shared AV (SAV). The learned model is used to examine users’ preferences and behaviors on AV uptake by car commuters. Specifically, this study applies gradient boosting machine (GBM) to stated preference (SP) survey data (i.e., panel data). GBM notably possesses more interpretable features than other ML methods as well as high predictive performance for panel data. The prediction performance of GBM is evaluated by conducting a 5-fold cross-validation and shows around 80% accuracy. To interpret users’ behaviors, variable importance (VI) and partial dependence (PD) were measured. The results of VI indicate that trip cost, purchase cost, and subscription cost are the most influential variables in selecting an alternative. Moreover, the attitudinal variables Pro-AV Sentiment and Environmental Concern are also shown to be significant. The article also examines the sensitivity of choice by using the PD of the log-odds on selected important factors. The results inform both the modeling of transportation technology uptake and the configuration and interpretation of GBM that can be applied for policy analysis.

scholarly journals Alteration in modal share due to autonomous vehicle-based mobility services

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Földes ◽  
Csaba Csiszár
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Shared Services ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Car Use ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
Small Capacity

Alteration in road-based mobility services in cities is expected due to introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs). On-demand and shared services based on small capacity AVs emerge, which influence the modal share. The alteration has been estimated by simulation of scenarios; the travellers’ willingness-to-shift to an AV-based mobility service has been considered as a random variable in studies. In our developed modal share estimation method, the travellers’ current mobility habits and willingness-to-shift are considered. To determine the value of variables, a questionnaire survey was elaborated. The method was applied to calculate the modal shift in Budapest, Hungary. According to the results, willingness-to-shift is the highest among car users and the lowest among bikers. Based on the stated preferences, individual car use can be reduced by shared, on-demand, AV-based mobility services. Our method is applicable to determine the impacts of AVs.

scholarly journals Public Preferences of Shared Autonomous Vehicles in Developing Countries: A Cross-National Study of Pakistan and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Muhammad Safdar ◽  
Shaopeng Zhong ◽  
Jianrong Liu ◽  
Feng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
National Study ◽  
Public Preferences

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) are rapidly emerging as a viable alternative form of public transportation with the potential to provide adequate and user-friendly, on-demand services without having vehicle ownership. It has been argued that SAVs could revolutionize transportation systems and our current way of life. Although SAVs are likely to be introduced in developed countries first, there is little doubt that they would also have a significant effect and enormous market in developing nations. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence public acceptance of SAVs, as well as the current public attitude toward SAVs, in two developing countries, namely, Pakistan and China. A stated preference survey was conducted to understand respondents’ travel patterns, preferences, and sociodemographic data. A total of 910 valid responses were gathered: 551 from Lahore, Pakistan, and 359 from Dalian, China. A multinomial logit model and a mixed multinomial logit model with panel effect were used for data analysis. The results suggested that generic attributes, such as respondents’ waiting time, travel time, and travel cost were found to be significant in both cities. The results indicate that sociodemographic characteristics, such as education, income, travel frequency in a week, and people who had driver’s licenses, are significantly correlated with respondents’ interest in using SAV in Lahore. The results also showed that people who had a private car indicated a greater interest in SAVs in Dalian. The study provides a new perspective to understand the public preferences toward SAVs in developing countries with different economies and cultures, as well as a benchmark for policymakers to make effective policies for the future implementation of SAVs.

Trust in Branded Autonomous Vehicles & Performance Expectations: A Theoretical Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1761-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Celmer ◽  
Russell Branaghan ◽  
Erin Chiou
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Automated Technology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Perceptions

Future autonomous vehicle systems will be diverse in design and functionality because they will be produced by different brands. It is possible these brand differences yield different levels of trust in the automation, therefore different expectations for vehicle performance. Perceptions of system safety, trustworthiness, and performance are important because they help users determine how reliant they can be on the system. Based on a review of the literature, the system’s perceived intent, competence, method, and history could be differentiating factors. Importantly, these perceptions are based on both the automated technology and the brand’s personality. The following theoretical framework reflects a Human Systems Engineering approach to consider how brand differences impact perceived trustworthiness, performance expectations and ultimate safety of autonomous vehicles.

scholarly journals Blockchain Applications to Improve Operation and Security of Transportation Systems: A Survey

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Navid Khoshavi ◽  
Gabrielle Tristani ◽  
Arman Sargolzaei
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Broad Overview

Blockchain technology continues to grow and extend into more areas with great success, which highlights the importance of studying the fields that have been, and have yet to be, fundamentally changed by its entrance. In particular, blockchain technology has been shown to be increasingly relevant in the field of transportation systems. More studies continue to be conducted relating to both fields of study and their integration. It is anticipated that their existing relationships will be greatly improved in the near future, as more research is conducted and applications are better understood. Because blockchain technology is still relatively new as compared to older, more well-used methods, many of its future capabilities are still very much unknown. However, before they can be discovered, we need to fully understand past and current developments, as well as expert observations, in applying blockchain technology to the autonomous vehicle field. From an understanding and discussion of the current and potential future capabilities of blockchain technology, as provided through this survey, advancements can be made to create solutions to problems that are inherent in autonomous vehicle systems today. The focus of this paper is mainly on the potential applications of blockchain in the future of transportation systems to be integrated with connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to provide a broad overview on the current related literature and research studies in this field.

Analisa Pemilihan Moda Transportasi Umum Rute Tanjung Karang – Bandara Radin Inten II Dengan Stated Preference dan Uji Crame’s V

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abi Berkah Nadi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Time Headway ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Radin Inten II Airport is a national flight in Lampung Province. In this study using the technical analysis stated preference which is the approach by conveying the choice statement in the form of hypotheses to be assessed by the respondent. By using these techniques the researcher can fully control the hypothesized factors. To determine utility function for model forecasting in fulfilling request of traveler is used regression analysis with SPSS program. The analysis results obtained that the passengers of the dominant airport in the selection of modes of cost attributes than on other attributes. From the result of regression analysis, the influence of independent variable to the highest dependent variable is when the five attributes are used together with the R square value of 8.8%. The relationship between cost, time, headway, time acces and service with the selection of modes, the provision that states whether or not there is a decision. The significance of α = 0.05 with chi-square. And the result of Crame's V test average of 0.298 is around the middle, then the relationship is moderate enough.

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