scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Group Spatial Assimilation in Inner and Outer Suburban Rings

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Grigoris Argeros
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Spatial Assimilation ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Status Characteristics ◽  
Suburban Ring ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assimilation Model

The present study examines inner and outer suburban ring attainment outcomes among racial and ethnic groups that reside in the nation’s metropolitan areas. The main objective is to evaluate the extent to which the relationship between racial and ethnic group’s socioeconomic status characteristics and residence between inner and outer suburban rings conforms to the tenets of the spatial assimilation model. Using micro-level data from the five-year 2012–2016 American Community Survey, the author calculates multinomial logistic regression models to determine the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) and other relevant predictors on residence within the nation’s metropolitan area’s suburban inner and outer rings. The results both confirm and contradict the main tenets of the spatial assimilation model. To the extent that income, education, and homeownership are positively related to residence in both suburban rings, the findings also suggest that access to inner and outer rings is hierarchically stratified by race and ethnicity.

scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Group Spatial Assimilation in Inner and Outer Suburban Rings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigoris Argeros
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Spatial Assimilation ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Status Characteristics ◽  
Suburban Ring ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assimilation Model

The present study examines inner and outer suburban ring attainment outcomes among racial and ethnic groups residing in the nation’s metropolitan areas. The main objective is to evaluate the extent to which the relationship between racial and ethnic group’s socioeconomic status characteristics and residence between inner and outer suburban rings conforms to the tenets of the spatial assimilation model. Using micro-level data from the 5-year 2012-2016 American Community Survey, the author calculates multinomial logistic regression models to determine the effects of SES and other relevant predictors on residence within the nation’s metropolitan area’s suburban inner and outer rings. The results both confirm and contradict the main tenets of the spatial assimilation model. To the extent that income, education, and homeownership are positively related to residence in both suburban rings, the findings also suggest that access to inner and outer rings is hierarchically stratified by race and ethnicity.

scholarly journals Testing the Spatial Assimilation Model on Black Ethnic Immigrant Locational Outcomes within Mature and Developing Suburbs

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Argeros
Keyword(s):  
Group Differences ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Spatial Assimilation ◽  
Nativity Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Assimilation Model

This study investigates black ethnic immigrant group differences in residential outcomes between developing and mature suburbs. It evaluates the extent to which foreign-born black ethnic groups’ socioeconomic status (SES) and acculturation characteristics agree with the outlines of the spatial assimilation model. Binomial logistic regression models are calculated, using data from the 2012–2016 IPUMS ACS, to examine the impact of place of birth/nativity status, SES, acculturation, family/household characteristics, and region on residence in developing versus mature suburbs within U.S. metropolitan areas. The results reveal mixed results for the expectations of the spatial assimilation model. On the one hand, and in agreement with the spatial assimilation model, residence in mature and developing suburbs is a function of increments in household income and educational levels. On the other hand, the multivariate results reveal suburban type residential outcomes that vary by place of birth and nativity status. The effects of acculturation also reveal findings that diverge from the expectations of the spatial assimilation model.

Cohabitation and Self-rated Health: The Role of Socioeconomic Status and Sexual Minority Status among U.S. Cohabitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-562
Author(s):  
Russell L. Spiker
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Average Adjusted Predictions

This study examines whether health disparities between same-sex and different-sex cohabitors differ depending on socioeconomic status (SES). Previous research showed that SES mediates health disparities between different-sex and same-sex cohabitors, but less is known about its role as a potential moderator. Using data on cohabitors from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) National Health Interview Surveys (2007–2018), this study examines how the SES-health gradient shapes health disparities for same-sex and different-sex cohabitors. Average adjusted predictions from multinomial logistic regression models show that higher income-to-needs ratio is associated with improvements in self-rated health for same-sex cohabiting women relative to different-sex cohabiting women. However, results are mixed for men. As income-to-needs ratio increases, same-sex cohabiting men have higher probabilities of “excellent” or “very good” health than different-sex cohabitors; however, their risk of “poor” health increases significantly with higher income-to-needs ratios. Potential explanations related to minority stress, stress proliferation, gendered meanings of self-rated health, and selection are explored. Overall, disparities between same-sex and different-sex cohabitors differ by gender and SES, suggesting socioeconomic diversity should be considered in the study of sexual minority health.

scholarly journals Liking for fat is associated with sociodemographic, psychological, lifestyle and health characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 1353-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Lampuré ◽  
Amélie Deglaire ◽  
Pascal Schlich ◽  
Katia Castetbon ◽  
Sandrine Péneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Individual Profiles ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Original Information ◽  
Sensory Liking

Sensory liking influences dietary behaviour, but little is known about specifically associated individual profiles. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between liking for fat-and-salt and fat-and-sweet sensations and sociodemographic, economic, psychological, lifestyle and health characteristics in a large sample. Individual characteristics and liking scores were collected by a questionnaire among 37 181 French adults. Liking scores were constructed using a validated preference questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between liking levels and individual characteristics. In both sexes, subjects belonging to low-level occupational categories (OR 1·39, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·67 in men; OR 1·28, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·41 in women), highly uncontrolled eaters (men: OR 2·90, 95 % CI 2·60, 3·23; women: OR 2·73, 95 % CI 2·27, 3·30) and obese subjects (men: OR 1·45, 95 % CI 1·14, 1·84; women: OR 1·47, 95 % CI 1·29, 1·68) were more likely to have a strong liking for the fat-and-sweet sensation, whereas older individuals (men: OR 0·13, 95 % CI 0·10, 0·16; women: OR 0·11, 95 % CI 0·09, 0·14) and highly cognitive restrainers (men: OR 0·52, 95 % CI 0·44, 0·63; women: OR 0·60, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·66) were less likely to have a strong liking. Regarding liking for the fat-and-salt sensation, the same associations were found and specific relationships were also highlighted: current smokers and heavy drinkers were more likely to strongly prefer the fat-and-salt sensation compared with non-smokers and abstainers or irregular alcohol consumers. The relationship between individual characteristics and a liking for fat sensation provides new and original information that may be useful for a better understanding of the associations between sensory liking and individual behaviour.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Association Between Socioeconomic Status, Lifestyle, and the Risk of Frailty Among the Elderly in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai-yu Wang ◽  
Mufan Zhang ◽  
Xiaojing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Association

Background: Lifestyle contributors to frailty among the elderly were previously reported in the developed Western countries, while evidence from the less developed East Asian regions was still lacking. Due to the well-acknowledged sex-based disparity of frailty and sex-difference of socioeconomic status and lifestyle, it is worth investigating the sex-specific association between the social and behavioral contributors and the risk of frailty among the East Asian longevous population.Methods: The present study was an observational study based on the four waves of interviews of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008 to 2018. The participants aged ≥65 years and without frailty at baseline were included. Fried criteria (exhaustion, shrink, weakness, low mobility, and inactivity) were adopted to identify the incidence of frailty (≥3 domains) and pre-frailty (1–2 domains) during the follow-up. The sex-specific association between lifestyle (smoke status, drinking status, food intake, sleep, exercise, and physical activity) and the risk of incident pre-frailty and frailty was analyzed using the multinomial logistic regression models.Results: Altogether, 3,327 participants aged 81.2 ± 10.3 (range 65–116) years were included. In total, 964 (29.0%) and 1,249 (37.5%) participants were recognized as having incident pre-frailty and frailty, respectively. Older women were disproportionately uneducated, frequently did housework and labor work, but seldom did exercise. Men had diverse dietary and recreational activities but were frequently exposed to tobacco and alcohol. The protective effects of higher income, exercise, doing housework, and daily intake of fresh fruits/vegetables were found in both the sexes (P < 0.05). Sleep disorders (odds ratio [OR] = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.28–3.62) and labor work (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.42–3.33) were associated with the increased risk of frailty among women. For men, diverse dietary (four types of food added: OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.09–0.50) showed a protective effect on the risk of frailty, but daily intake of pickled vegetables showed the opposite effect (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.12–3.07).Conclusion: Socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and the association with the risk of frailty showed substantial difference between the sexes among the longevous population in China. To establish the individualized strategy of behavioral improvement for the frailty prevention should consider the sex disparity.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Inequalities and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Evidence From England and Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 121-121
Author(s):  
Aswathikutty Gireesh ◽  
Pamela Almeida-Meza ◽  
Hashimoto Hideki ◽  
Andrew Steptoe ◽  
Dorina Cadar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Japan is the world’s fastest ageing population, with a higher prevalence of dementia than in the UK. Less clear is the role of socioeconomic inequalities in neurocognitive disorders between these countries. This study aims to assess comparatively the relationship between education, a marker of cognitive reserve, and income in relation to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in England and Japan. We ascertained MCI using a validated algorithm based on one standard deviation below the mean on two standardised cognitive tests. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to study the associations between socioeconomic markers and MCI/dementia. The prevalence of MCI was almost twice as high among English adults compared to Japanese. Results suggest that nations are similar in overall socioeconomic inequalities of MCI/dementia, but this might differ across socioeconomic markers. Considerable variability in the health inequalities could be attributed to the country-specific socio-cultural-political factors, which remains to be further explored.

scholarly journals Residential Segregation and Socio-economic Integration of Visible minorities in Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-144
Author(s):  
T. R. Balakrishnan ◽  
Paul Maxim ◽  
Rozzet Jurdi
Keyword(s):  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Spatial Assimilation ◽  
Socioeconomic Resources ◽  
Visible Minorities ◽  
Socioeconomic Achievement ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assimilation Model

Using the 2001 Census of Canada, this paper examines whether spatial residential patterns relate to an ethnic group’s socioeconomic achievement within urban Canada. Most literature suggests that ethnic clustering is primarily a consequence of systematic discrimination or poor socioeconomic resources. Our basic question is whether the relationship between residential segregation and social integration is weakening, thus making the spatial assimilation model less relevant than in the past. The results suggest the assimilation model provides a poor explanation in the Canadian context. Residential segregation persists over time although considerable variation exists among the CMAs. 

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Individual Characteristics and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Provinces of Milan and Lodi

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142199484
Author(s):  
David Consolazio ◽  
Rossella Murtas ◽  
Sara Tunesi ◽  
Federico Gervasi ◽  
David Benassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Disadvantage ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Block Level ◽  
The Impact

Social inequalities in health are known to be influenced by the socioeconomic status of the territory in which people live. In the context of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this study is aimed at assessing the role of 5 area-level indicators in shaping the risk of contagion in the provinces of Milan and Lodi (Lombardy, Italy), namely: educational disadvantage, unemployment, housing crowding, mobility, and population density. The study area includes the municipalities at the origin of the first Italian epidemic outbreak. Data on COVID-19 patients from the Integrated Datawarehouse for COVID Analysis in Milan were used and matched with aggregate-level data from the National Institute of Statistics Italy (Istat). Multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between the census block-level predictors and COVID-19 infection, independently of age, sex, country of birth, and preexisting health conditions. All the variables were significantly associated with the outcome, with different effects before and after the lockdown and according to the province of residence. This suggests a pattern of socioeconomic inequalities in the outbreak, which should be taken into account in the eventuality of future epidemics to contain their spread and its related disparities.

scholarly journals Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with area-level socioeconomic status

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2018-313838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Jonsson ◽  
Juho Härkönen ◽  
Petter Ljungman ◽  
Araz Rawshani ◽  
Per Nordberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Western World ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Initial Rhythm ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sex Positive ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Average Educational Level

ObjectiveOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of death in the Western world. In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and 30-day survival after OHCA. We hypothesised that high SES at an area level is associated with an improved chance of 30-day survival.MethodsPatients with OHCA in Stockholm County between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2015 were analysed retrospectively. To quantify area-level SES, we linked the patient’s home address to 250 × 250/1000 × 1000 meter grids with aggregated information about income and education. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models in which area-level SES measures were adjusted for age, sex, emergency medical services response time, witnessed status, initial rhythm, aetiology, location and year of cardiac arrest.ResultsWe included 7431 OHCAs. There was significantly greater 30-day survival (p=0.003) in areas with a high proportion of university-educated people. No statistically significant association was seen between median disposable income and 30-day survival. The adjusted OR for 30-day survival among patients in the highest educational quintile was 1.70 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.51) compared with patients in the lowest educational quintile. We found no significant interaction for sex. Positive trend with increasing area-level education was seen in both men and women but the trend was only statistically significant among men (p=0.012)ConclusionsSurvival to 30 days after OHCA is positively associated with the average educational level of the residential area. Area-level income does not independently predict 30-day survival after OHCA.

An Examination of Motivation and Routine Activity Theory to Account for Cyberattacks Against Dutch Web Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Holt ◽  
Rutger Leukfeldt ◽  
Steve van de Weijer
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Offender Motivation ◽  
Online Spaces ◽  
The Relationship

This study provides a partial test of the relationship between actor motivations and target suitability using a routine activity framework to understand a form of cybercrime called web defacements. Specifically, the relationships between the visibility, inertia, value, and accessibility of the target in online spaces relative to the unique nonmonetary motivations of the attacker were examined. This study utilized a sample of 138,361 web defacements performed against websites hosted within the Netherlands IP space from January 2011 to April 2017. Seven multinomial logistic regression models were conducted for each self-identified motive for the attack, clustered by attacker to minimize the size of standard errors. The findings demonstrated partial support for aspects of routine activity theory to account for differences in offender motivation, suggesting web defacements are similar to other forms of cybercrime. At the same time, motivations differentially shape target selection.

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