scholarly journals Burnout and Perceived Performance Among Junior Athletes—Associations with Affective and Cognitive Components of Stress

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frode Moen ◽  
Maria Hrozanova ◽  
Tore C. Stiles ◽  
Frode Stenseng
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Junior Athletes ◽  
Athlete Burnout ◽  
Affective Components

The current study investigated associations between cognitive components such as psychological resilience and perceived stress, and affective components such as positive and negative affect, and athlete burnout and perceived performance among 670 Norwegian junior athletes attending high schools specialized for sports. A hypothesized model of the relations between the constructs was analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results in the current study show that athlete resilience is a key in understanding athlete burnout and perceived performance, and that cognitive (perceived stress) and affective reactions (negative and positive affect) are important mediators in this process.

scholarly journals Identifying Unique Contributions of the Coach–Athlete Working Alliance, Psychological Resilience and Perceived Stress on Athlete Burnout among Norwegian Junior Athletes

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie F. W. Raanes ◽  
Maria Hrozanova ◽  
Frode Moen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Working Alliance ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Junior Athletes ◽  
Athlete Burnout

The main purpose of the current study was to examine how the coach-athlete working alliance, psychological resilience and perceived stress are uniquely associated with burnout among junior athletes in sport. A sample of 670 Norwegian junior athletes practicing a variety of sports participated in the study. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the bond dimension of the working alliance, the protective factors ‘planned future’ and ‘structured style’, as well as perceived stress, all contributed uniquely to the explanation of athlete burnout. A dominance analysis identified perceived stress to have the strongest relative influence on athlete burnout among the set of variables investigated in this study. The findings are discussed in terms of applied implications and possible future research.

scholarly journals Perfectionism and Burnout in Junior Athletes: A Three-Month Longitudinal Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Madigan ◽  
Joachim Stoeber ◽  
Louis Passfield
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Junior Athletes ◽  
Athlete Burnout ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Active Training ◽  
Fitting Model

Perfectionism in sports has been shown to be associated with burnout in athletes. Whether perfectionism predicts longitudinal changes in athlete burnout, however, is still unclear. Using a two-wave cross-lagged panel design, the current study examined perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, and athlete burnout in 101 junior athletes (mean age 17.7 years) over 3 months of active training. When structural equation modeling was employed to test a series of competing models, the best-fitting model showed opposite patterns for perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. Whereas perfectionistic concerns predicted increases in athlete burnout over the 3 mon ths, perfectionistic strivings predicted decreases. The present findings suggest that perfectionistic concerns are a risk factor for junior athletes contributing to the development of athlete burnout whereas perfectionistic strivings appear to be a protective factor.

Coping Resources and Athlete Burnout: An Examination of Stress Mediated and Moderation Hypotheses

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Raedeke ◽  
Alan L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Athlete Burnout ◽  
General Coping ◽  
The Relationship

Although it is widely accepted that coping resources theoretically influence the stress-burnout relationship, it is unclear whether key internal (i.e., coping behaviors) and external (i.e., social support satisfaction) coping resources have stress-mediated or moderating influences on athlete burnout. Therefore we examined whether coping behaviors and social support satisfaction (a) had indirect stress-mediated relationships with burnout or (b) disjunctively (independently) or conjunctively (in combination) moderated the relationship between perceived stress and burnout. Senior level age-group swimmers (N = 244; ages 14–19 years) completed a questionnaire assessing burnout, perceived stress, general coping behaviors, and social support satisfaction. The results revealed that perceived stress, general coping behaviors, and social support satisfaction were related to burnout. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that general coping behaviors and social support satisfaction had stress-mediated relationships with overall burnout levels. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses failed to support the disjunctive and conjunctive moderation hypotheses. Results thus support stress-mediated perspectives forwarded in previous research.

scholarly journals Motivation Mediates the Perfectionism–Burnout Relationship: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study With Junior Athletes

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Madigan ◽  
Joachim Stoeber ◽  
Louis Passfield
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Junior Athletes ◽  
Athlete Burnout ◽  
Over Time

Perfectionism in sports has been shown to predict longitudinal changes in athlete burnout. What mediates these changes over time, however, is still unclear. Adopting a self-determination theory perspective and using a three-wave longitudinal design, the current study examined perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and athlete burnout in 141 junior athletes (mean age = 17.3 years) over 6 months of active training. When multilevel structural equation modeling was employed to test a mediational model, a differential pattern of between- and within-person relationships emerged. Whereas autonomous motivation mediated the negative relationship that perfectionistic strivings had with burnout at the between- and within-person level, controlled motivation mediated the positive relationship that perfectionistic concerns had with burnout at the between-persons level only. The present findings suggest that differences in autonomous and controlled motivation explain why perfectionism predicts changes in athlete burnout over time.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Multimorbidity Resilience and Health Outcomes Over Time in Community-Residing Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 890-891
Author(s):  
Yingzhi Xu ◽  
Zahra Rahmaty ◽  
Eleanor McConnell ◽  
Tingzhong (Michelle) Xue ◽  
Bada Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Multimorbidity resilience may mitigate the adverse effects of multiple chronic diseases on older adults’ health. Wister et al.’s (2018) multimorbidity resilience index was developed and tested in a cross-sectional sample of older adults in Canada. Building on these findings, we examined the reciprocal relationships of resilience on outcomes to test these potentially mitigating effects in a community-based, U.S. sample of older adults over time. The study sample includes 1,054 older adults from waves 2 and 3 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) study (Waite et al 2020). Wister et al.’s (2018) index was mapped to NSHAP measures, and reciprocal relationships of multimorbidity resilience and health outcomes over a 5-year period was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results indicated significant effects of multimorbidity resilience on self-rated physical health and pain. Interestingly, a better functional resilience at baseline conferred better self-rated physical health at follow-up, while better psychological resilience predicted lower pain level. By contrast, the influence of health outcomes on any domain of multimorbidity resilience was not detectable at all, supporting the direction of these associations from resilience to outcomes. The study systematically investigated the dynamic hypotheses between multimorbidity resilience and health outcomes. That is, whether they are determinants or consequences, or both. Our findings suggest multimorbidity resilience predicts subsequent 5-year change in health outcomes, especially self-rated physical health and pain level, but not vice versa, strengthening the evidence of the importance of resilience in the health of older adults.

Major dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome associated with severity of coronary artery disease: A structural equation modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110206
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kuhail ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar ◽  
Mehdi Yaseri
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: The association of dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) is little known. Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between major dietary patterns and the severity of CAD among newly discovered patients by using structural equation modeling (SEM). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 423 newly diagnosed patients with CAD, aged 35–65 years, who underwent coronary angiography. The severity of CAD was assessed by the Gensini score. All patients were tested by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, international physical activity questionnaire, perceived stress scale, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS version 24. Results: Two dietary patterns (DPs) were identified by principal components analysis and labeled as “unhealthy DP” and “healthy DP”. The results of SEM analysis showed that the unhealthy DP has a significant positive direct association with the severity of CAD (β=0.304, p<0.001), which is indirectly mediated by the presence of metabolic syndrome (β=0.021, p=0.021), adjusted for age and perceived stress scale. However, healthy DP has a significant negative direct association with the Gensini score (β=-0.213, p<0.001), and an indirect association through negative metabolic syndrome (β=-0.019, p=0.022), controlled for gender, physical activity, and perceived stress scale. Conclusions: The severity of CAD was directly associated with the unhealthy DP and indirectly mediated by the presence of the metabolic syndrome, while a healthy DP had a direct inverse association with CAD severity and indirectly mediated by the absence of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals When Goal Pursuit Gets Hairy: A Longitudinal Goal Study Examining the Role of Controlled Motivation and Action Crises in Predicting Changes in Hair Cortisol, Perceived Stress, Health, and Depression Symptoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262199521
Author(s):  
Anne Catherine Holding ◽  
Emily Moore ◽  
Amanda Moore ◽  
Jérémie Verner-Filion ◽  
Isabelle Ouellet-Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Controlled Motivation ◽  
Goal Motivation ◽  
Action Crises ◽  
Action Crisis

The action crisis is a critical phase in goal striving during which the goal pursuer feels conflicted about persevering with the goal or initiating disengagement. Recent research suggests that goal motivation, specifically controlled motivation (i.e., pursuing a goal out of obligation and pressure), increases the likelihood of experiencing action crises. In turn, action crises in goal pursuit have been linked to increases in depression symptoms and cortisol. In the present 8-month longitudinal study, we tracked university students’ personal goals to examine whether the pursuit of controlled goals and the experience of action crises was associated with increasing levels of hair cortisol, perceived stress, poor health, and depression symptoms ( N = 156). Structural equation modeling suggested that experiencing action crises in goal pursuit was associated with increases in markers of stress, depression, and ill-being. This effect was partially explained by controlled goal motivation. The clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

On the Structure of Affect

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Wedderhoff ◽  
Timo Gnambs ◽  
Oliver Wedderhoff ◽  
Tanja Burgard ◽  
Michael Bošnjak
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
The World ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Cross National

Abstract. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988 ) is a popular self-report questionnaire that is administered all over the world. Though originally developed to measure two independent factors, different models have been proposed in the literature. Comparisons among alternative models as well as analyses concerning their robustness in cross-national research have left an inconclusive picture. Therefore, the present study evaluates the dimensionality of the PANAS and differences between English and translated versions of the PANAS using a meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. Correlation matrices from 57 independent samples ( N = 54,043) were pooled across subsamples. For both English and non-English samples, a correlated two-factor model including correlated uniquenesses provided the best fit. However, measurement invariance analyses indicated differences in factor loadings between subsamples. Thus, cross-national application of the PANAS might only be justified if measurement equivalence was explicitly tested for the countries at hand.

Relationships Between Perfectionism, Stress, and Basic Need Support Provision in Dance Teachers and Aesthetic Sport Coaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna M. Nordin-Bates ◽  
Gareth Jowett
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Dance Teachers ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Sport Coaches

A substantial body of evidence links perfectionism to well-being and performance outcomes in dancers and athletes. Yet, we know relatively little about leaders’ perfectionism in dance and sport. This is important because leaders’ perfectionism likely impacts both themselves and their performers. In this study, we examined relationships between leader perfectionism, their provision of basic needs support, and whether stress explains these relationships. Aesthetic activity leaders (N = 463; n = 336 dance teachers, n = 127 aesthetic sport coaches, and n = 376 female; Mean age = 35.47 and SD = 12.46 years) completed an online questionnaire measuring multidimensional perfectionism (self-oriented perfectionism, SOP; socially prescribed perfectionism, SPP; and other-oriented perfectionism, OOP), self-reported provision of basic needs support (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), and perceived stress. Correlations suggested that leaders displaying higher levels of any perfectionism dimension (SOP, SPP, and OOP) provided less support for autonomy and perceived higher levels of stress. Leaders displaying higher levels of SPP also reported providing less support for competence. Structural equation modeling revealed that perceived stress partially mediated the relationships between perfectionism and provision of basic needs support. Socially prescribed perfectionism shared a negative indirect relationship with autonomy support as well as negative direct and indirect relationships with competence support, both via perceived stress. By contrast, OOP shared positive indirect relationships with autonomy support and competence support via perceived stress. Based on these findings, it would be prudent for dance and sport organizations to minimize pressures on leaders to be perfect, help them identify how their perfectionism impacts both themselves and others, and work with them to optimize basic needs support.

The Role of an Empowering Motivational Climate on Pupils’ Concentration and Distraction in Physical Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Maxime Mastagli ◽  
Aurélie Van Hoye ◽  
Jean-Philippe Hainaut ◽  
Benoît Bolmont
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Motivational Climate ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect

Purpose: The present study investigated the relationship between an empowering motivational climate and pupils’ concentration and distraction in physical education, mediated by basic psychological needs satisfaction and by positive and negative affect. Method: The participants were 425 French pupils (Mage = 15.36, SDage = 0.82) from 21 high schools, who filled in a questionnaire regarding the study variables. This cross-sectional study used multilevel structural equation modeling to examine the hypothesized relationships. Results: Good fit indices were found in the data from the theoretical model. An empowering motivational climate was found to be related to concentration. Competence need satisfaction was related to concentration and distraction. This association was mediated by positive and negative affect, which in turn was related to concentration and distraction. Conclusion: Teachers can improve pupils’ concentration and positive affect and reduce distraction and negative affect by supporting an empowering motivational climate and fostering competence need satisfaction.

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