scholarly journals The Application of Material Flow Cost Accounting in Waste Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaio Huang ◽  
An Chiu ◽  
Po Chao ◽  
Ni Wang
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Primary Finding ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost

Due to the rise in environmental awareness, corporate companies have shifted their focus from an obsession with short-term profits to contemplating long-term strategies to achieve sustainable management. Effective use of resources is the primary indicator of this achievement. Fulfillment of corporate social responsibility and thinking beyond the regulatory aspects of corporate sustainable management are goals that have continually attracted attention worldwide. Material flow cost accounting based on ISO 14051, which was announced by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), is a tool that can be used to achieve a balance between the environment and economy. We focused on using ISO 14051-based material flow cost accounting as an analytical evaluation tool from the perspectives of finance and accounting personnel. We conducted a case study on a flat-panel parts supplier to determine whether the efficient use of recycled glass could reduce company costs. The primary finding is that the film layer on recycled washed glass tends to be stripped during the production process, causing increased reprocessing costs and thus rendering the cost of renewable cleaning higher than that of reworking. This study revealed that the ISO 14051-based material flow cost accounting analysis constitutes a valuable management tool, thereby facilitating the promotion of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Relationship between Green Design and Material Flow Cost Accounting in the Context of Effective Resource Utilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Che Tu ◽  
Hsieh-Shan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Material Flow ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Green Design ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact

The consumption of fossil fuels has been gradually exhausting resources and deteriorating the environment on a global scale. There are two ways to resolve these problems: The application of green energy and new materials; and the development of energy efficiency techniques such as green design and material flow cost accounting. Material flow cost accounting does not create new sources of energy, but its implementation can encourage the effective use of resources or reduce the consumption of resources, and hence reduce the impact on the environment. The International Organization for Standardization has enacted material flow cost accounting as an international standard, and this will have a profound impact on multinational firms. This paper examines material flow cost accounting in the context of grounded theory, and conducts a case study on the companies which have implemented material flow cost accounting. The purpose of this research is to identify the relationship between material flow cost accounting and green design, and to provide a reference for the production design of the enterprise. After analysis, material flow cost accounting can generate detailed waste data, and provide a green design reference in actual energy conservation. These two outcomes complement each other, and will support achievement of the goal of mutual financial and environmental protection.

What are the costs of violence?

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Hoeffler
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Global Cost ◽  
One Year ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost

This article presents estimates of the global cost of collective and interpersonal violence for the period of one year. This includes war, terrorism, homicides, assaults and domestic violence against women and children. The cost of conventionally defined interpersonal violence, that is, homicides and assault, are about 7.5 times higher than the cost due to war and terrorism. I also estimate the costs of non-fatal domestic violence against children and women and suggest that these costs are much higher than the combined costs of homicide, assault, terrorism and war. The main reason is that the prevalence of these types of violence is very high: possibly as many as 16 per cent of all children are punished using violent methods and about 12 per cent of all women experience intimate partner violence. Richer societies have lower levels of violence, and there is evidence that prevalence rates have been declining over time. However, it is often unclear why this is the case. Much of the evidence from violence reducing interventions comes from high-income countries, and it is uncertain whether these programs would be similarly effective in low- and middle-income countries. However, although further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of violence-reducing interventions, it appears likely that some interventions would constitute a very effective use of resources.

Leading Sustainability through Projects

2013 ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Effective Use

Business leaders are embracing sustainability not only as a matter of corporate social responsibility but because it offers opportunities for competitive advantage. As corporate activities are increasingly undertaken in the form of projects, project leaders have the opportunity to assist corporations in achieving their sustainability goals by incorporating sustainable practices in both the products they produce and the practices they use to produce them. Good project management is ultimately concerned with the most effective use of resources, which is a key tenet of sustainability. This chapter provides project leaders with practical guidance for incorporation of sustainable development principles in all aspects of their projects.

scholarly journals The Public Accounts and the Education Sector in Portugal: assumption of the legal economy, efficiency and effectiveness

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Prof. Doutor J. J. Marques de Almeida ◽  
Mestre Maria da Conceição De Costa Marques
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Management Culture ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Cost

The National Accounting Plan for the Education Sector (POC - Education) is a Sector Plan for education, which follows on from the approval of the Journal of Public Accounts (OPAP), Decree-Law No. 232/97 of 3 September, the model it is based. With the approval of the POC - Education will create conditions for integrating the accounting, inventory and cost accounting in a modern public as an instrument to support decision-makers and other users of information, to remedy the deficiencies of accounting information previously experienced. As aspects inovadoresdeste plan for the sector, we highlight the cost accounting and the consolidation of accounts. The cost accounting is a mandatory system as an important management tool for analysis and cost control to education, but also the income and results of operations. With the consolidation of accounts is intended to establish a political and management culture group at the same time seeking to facilitate the comparability in time and space, and is also a factor of transparency of public information. Not expected fiscal consolidation, applying the rules only to the consolidation of financial assets.

scholarly journals METHODICAL ASPECTS OF CIVIL PASSENGER TRAFFIC COSTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Olena Burdyk
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Prime Cost ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

Costing is defined as a means of determining the size of the expenditures per unit of production (works, services). The opinions of the scientists on the procedure of costing and, in particular, of the services of motor transport enterprises engaged in civil passenger traffic are reported. The normative documents used by motor transport enterprises while drawing up transportation costing and tariff imposing are considered. The estimation of expenses is carried out and the scheme of tariff formation by the motor transport enterprise is developed. It is determined that costing depends on the correct planning of the transportation prime cost, which is calculated based on the data on the planned volumes of passenger traffic by motor transport enterprises. It is established that there is no single list of articles for passenger traffic costing, as the motor transport enterprise has its activity characteristics, so it individually defines this list in the Order on Accounting Policy. It should be noted that for correct calculation it would be appropriate to regulate it with normative documents with the implementation of the classification of enterprises into groups according to their activity profile. Such a normative document would make it possible to reliably justify tariff imposing by a particular motor transport enterprise. It is found out that the data of surveys of passenger flows are quite relative, so without a clear definition of the number of transported passengers, it is impossible to calculate either the reliable prime cost of transportation or to form a reasonable tariff. Passenger traffic costing as well as cost accounting requires special attention because tariffs of the motor transport enterprise are formed based on the calculated prime cost. The study showed that at present the activity of many motor transport enterprises is unprofitable, which is caused by the high prime cost of passenger traffic and will require another increase in fares. The article aims to consider the methodological approaches to passenger traffic costing, to analyze the cost structure of the motor transport enterprise to identify shortcomings and provide proposals for cost optimization and ensure their profitable operation. Methodology. To achieve this goal, the necessary tools of scientific research methods are used: dialectical method of cognition – to clarify the meaningful characteristics of expenditures and calculate the cost of production (works, services); observation – to study the state and trends of cost changes and the order of tariff formation by motor transport enterprises; grouping and economic analysis of costs –to process analytical information for further use while making management decisions aimed at ensuring profitable activity; causal relationships, concretization – to determine the information needs of users on costs; systematization and generalization – to develop proposals for improving the methods of cost accounting and traffic costing. Practical results. Based on the analysis, the normative method of costing as an effective means of cost management and ensuring the rational use of resources of the motor transport enterprise is determined. Value/originality. It is established that clear accounting of the number of transported passengers is required to determine the reliable prime cost of transportation and form reasonable transportation tariffs.

scholarly journals Urban Sustainability at the Cost of Rural Unsustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5466
Author(s):  
Guangwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Rural Sustainability ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
New Framework ◽  
Japan And China

Urban sustainability refers to building and maintaining cities that can continue to function without running out of resources. However, growing cities require more land and urban sprawl has transformed surrounding rural areas into urbanized settlements. Furthermore, the prosperity of large cities depends on the supply of both natural and human resources from rural areas, either nearby or remote. On the other hand, the use of resources of rural areas by cities may cause negative externalities to rural areas, affecting their sustainability. Therefore, a critical, but very much neglected issue, is how unban sustainability should be pursued without affecting rural sustainability. In this study, cases in Japan and China were analyzed from resources and population migration perspectives to provide evidence for the possibility that urban sustainability might have been pursued at the cost of rural unsustainability. It was intended to develop a better understanding of urban sustainability through the lens of externalities. Based on the analysis, a new framework for urban sustainability study was proposed, which consists of three new pillars. Namely, externality, vulnerability, and population instability.

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