scholarly journals Development of a Composite Model for Simulating Landscape Pattern Optimization Allocation: A Case Study in the Longquanyi District of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2678
Author(s):  
Dinghua Ou ◽  
Xingzhu Yao ◽  
Jianguo Xia ◽  
Xuesong Gao ◽  
Changquan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Layout Optimization ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Landscape Suitability ◽  
Optimization Allocation

The simulation of landscape pattern optimization allocation (LPOA) to achieve ecological security is an important issue when constructing regional ecological security patterns. In this study, an LPOA model was developed by integrating a binary logistic regression model and a nonlinear programming model with a particle swarm optimization algorithm in order to consider the complexity of landscape pattern optimization in terms of the quantitative structure and spatial layout optimization, integrating the landscape suitability and factors that influence landscape patterns, and under constraints to maximize the economic, ecological, and comprehensive benefits of landscape patterns. The model was employed to simulate the LPOA in the Longquanyi District of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China. The model successfully obtained an appropriate combination of the landscape quantitative structure and spatial layout, as well as effectively integrating the landscape suitability and factors that influence the landscape pattern. Thus, the model addressed the problems of previous studies, such as neglecting the coupling between quantitative structure optimization and spatial layout optimization, ignoring the macrofactors that affect landscape patterns during optimization modeling, and initializing particles without considering the suitability of the landscape. Furthermore, we assessed and analyzed the accuracy and feasibility of the landscape pattern spatial layout optimization results, where the results showed that the overall accuracy of the optimization results was 84.98% with a Kappa coefficient of 0.7587, thereby indicating the good performance of the model. Moreover, the simulated optimization allocation scheme for the landscape pattern was consistent with the actual situation. Therefore, this model can provide support and a scientific basis for regional landscape pattern planning, land use planning, urban planning, and other related spatial planning processes.

scholarly journals Landscape change patterns at three stages of the construction and operation of the TGP

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruikang Li ◽  
Yangbing Li ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Dianji Fu
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Landscape Type ◽  
The Three Gorges ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
Landscape Ecological Security

AbstractAnalyses of landscape change patterns that are based on elevation and slope can not only provide reasonable interpretations of landscape patterns but can also help to reveal evolutionary laws. However, landscape change patterns and their model in different landforms of the typical watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) has not been quantified and assessed effectively. As a complex geographical unit, the ecological environment in the middle reach of the Yangtze River has experienced great changes due to the construction of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) and its associated human activities. Here, based mainly on a digital elevation model (DEM) and remotely sensed images from 1986, 2000, 2010, and 2017 and by using GIS technology, speeds/ trends of landscape change, the index of landscape type change intensity, landscape pattern indices, and landscape ecological security index, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of different elevations, slopes, and buffer landscape types were analyzed in typical watersheds, as well as an evolutionary model of the landscape pattern. The results indicated that (1) the landscape types along with the land classification and buffer zone that were influenced by the TGR construction have undergone a phased change, with the period 2000–2010 being the most dramatic period of landscape evolution during the impoundment period; (2) landscape type shifts from human-dominated farmland to nature-driven forestland and shrub-land as elevations, slopes and buffer distances increased. The landscape has shifted from diversity to relative homogeneity; (3) land types and buffer zones played essential roles in the landscape pattern index, which is reflected in the differences in landscape type indices for spatial extension and temporal characteristics. The results of this paper illustrate the spatial–temporal characteristics of various landscape types at three distinct stages in the construction of the TGR. These findings indicate that the landscape ecological security of the watershed is improving year by year. The follow-up development of the TGRA needs to consider the landscape change patterns of different landforms.

A Study of Ecological Security Assessment for Natural Reserve

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1081-1086
Author(s):  
Zhao Yan Diao ◽  
De Rong Su ◽  
Shi Hai Lv ◽  
Zhi Rong Zheng ◽  
Sheng Xing Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Safety Index ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Safe Area

Based on TM remote sensing image and topographic map, the spatial information of landscape pattern was extracted in study areas in 1990, 2000 and 2010. With the principles and methods of landscape ecology, land use/cover change, ecosystem service values were selected to construct the ecological safety index which was used to quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of landscape pattern and elucidated ecological safety status in study area. Result showed that During the 20 years from 1990 to 2010, as human factors interference increase, the farmland and construction land increased by 21.11% and 15.38% respectively, the grassland area is reduced by 27.57%.Cropland had an increased trend during the period of 1990 to 2010 period, The wood land and swamp land had an increased trend during the period of 1990 to 2000 area also, but reduced during from 2000 to 2010.From 1990 to 2010, the whole study area lied in the level of relatively safer, but the safe area was reduced the amount of 4967 ha during 2000 to 2010. The relatively safer land areas was increased first then reduced during the whole study period, the relatively non-safer level land and relatively safer level land areas were accounting for 10.81% and 2.92% of the total area respectively.

scholarly journals Impacts of Landscape Patterns on Ecosystem Services Value: A Multiscale Buffer Gradient Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2551
Author(s):  
Wanxu Chen ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Yumei Chu ◽  
Jiale Liang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Gradient Analysis ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Landscape Pattern Metrics ◽  
Pattern Metrics ◽  
Ecosystem Services Value

In recent decades, substantial changes have occurred in the spatial structure and form of landscapes in metropolises; these have greatly impacted ecosystem provision capacities. Clarifying the impact mechanism of landscape patterns on ecosystem services can provide insights into regional ecological conservation and sustainable development measures. Although previous studies have explored the impacts of landscape patterns on ecosystem services at multiple scales, few studies have been conducted using the buffer gradient analysis approach. Using land-use/cover change data, this study measured the evolution of spatiotemporal features of landscape patterns and ecosystem services value (ESV) with 1, 2, and 3 km buffer-zone scales in Wuhan, China. Econometric models were then used to analyze the impacts of landscape patterns on ecosystem services at different buffer-zone scales. The results demonstrated that rapid urbanization in Wuhan has led to significant changes in landscape patterns, and the landscape pattern metrics exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity. The ESV in Wuhan exhibited a steady decline during the study period. Hydrological regulations and waste treatment functions contributed to the largest proportion of ESV, and raw material production functions contributed to the lowest proportion. Landscape pattern metrics exerted a significant influence on ESV; however, this influence varied greatly. The results of this study provide a new understanding of the influence mechanism of landscape patterns on ecosystem services at 1, 2, and 3 km buffer-zone scales. These findings are critical for facilitating landscape planning and regional sustainable development.

scholarly journals Response of Variation of Water and Sediment to Landscape Pattern in the Dapoling Watershed

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Chong Wei ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Zhiguo Wang ◽  
Lianhai Cao ◽  
Yichang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

The relationship between water-sediment processes and landscape pattern changes has currently become a research hotspot in low-carbon water and land resource optimization research. The SWAT-VRR model is a distributed hydrological model which better shows the effect of land use landscape change on hydrological processes in the watershed. In this paper, the hydrological models of the Dapoling watershed were built, the runoff and sediment yield from 2006 to 2011 were simulated, and the relationship between landscape patterns and water-sediment yield was analyzed. The results show that the SWAT-VRR model is more accurate and reasonable in describing runoff and sediment yield than the SWAT model. The sub-basins whose soil erosion is relatively light are mostly concentrated in the middle reaches with a slope mainly between 0–5°. The NP, PD, ED, SPIIT, SHEI, and SHDI of the watershed increased slightly, and the COHESION, AI, CONTAG, and LPI showed a certain decrease. The landscape pattern is further fragmented, with the degree of landscape heterogeneity increasing and the connection reducing. The runoff, sediment yield and surface runoff are all extremely significantly negatively correlated with forest, which implies that for more complicated patch shapes of forest which have longer boundaries connecting with the patches of other landscape types, the water and sediment processes are regulated more effectively. Therefore, it can be more productive to carry out research on the optimization of water and soil resources under the constraint of carbon emission based on the SWAT-VRR model.

scholarly journals On the Scale Effect of Relationship Identification between Land Surface Temperature and 3D Landscape Pattern: The Application of Random Forest

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Zhaoyi Li ◽  
Changbao Yang ◽  
Hongqing Li ◽  
Liwei Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Multi Scale

Urbanization processes greatly change urban landscape patterns and the urban thermal environment. Significant multi-scale correlation exists between the land surface temperature (LST) and landscape pattern. Compared with traditional linear regression methods, the regression model based on random forest has the advantages of higher accuracy and better learning ability, and can remove the linear correlation between regression features. Taking Beijing’s metropolitan area as an example, this paper conducted multi-scale relationship analysis between 3D landscape patterns and LST using Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC), Multiple Linear Regression and Random Forest Regression (RFR). The results indicated that LST was relatively high in the central area of Beijing, and decreased from the center to the surrounding areas. The interpretation effect of 3D landscape metrics on LST was more obvious than that of the 2D landscape metrics, and 3D landscape diversity and evenness played more important roles than the other metrics in the change of LST. The multi-scale relationship between LST and the landscape pattern was discovered in the fourth ring road of Beijing, the effect of the extent of change on the landscape pattern is greater than that of the grain size change, and the interpretation effect and correlation of landscape metrics on LST increase with the increase in the rectangle size. Impervious surfaces significantly increased the LST, while the impervious surfaces located at low building areas were more likely to increase LST than those located at tall building areas. It seems that increasing the distance between buildings to improve the rate of energy exchange between urban and rural areas can effectively decrease LST. Vegetation and water can effectively reduce LST, but large, clustered and irregularly shaped patches have a better effect on land surface cooling than small and discrete patches. The Coefficients of Rectangle Variation (CORV) power function fitting results of landscape metrics showed that the optimal rectangle size for studying the relationship between the 3D landscape pattern and LST is about 700 m. Our study is useful for future urban planning and provides references to mitigate the daytime urban heat island (UHI) effect.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability Based on Vulnerability Scoring Diagram Model in Shennongjia, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-shuo Cao ◽  
Yu-qi Yang ◽  
Zheng-yu Deng ◽  
Yuan-dong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Entire Region ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability

Abstract Background Shennongjia is one of the most important ecological function areas and ecologically vulnerable zones in the world. With the rapid development of social economies, especially tourism, the ecological environment of Shennongjia has experienced profound changes. To describe an assessment method of ecological vulnerability, explain its application in Shennongjia, and propose optimization strategies to reduce the risk of ecosystem vulnerability and maintain regional ecological security and stability. Results (1) During the study period, the overall ecological vulnerability of Shennongjia is in a mild vulnerability level, exhibiting differentiation characteristics of high in the northeast and low in the southwest. High vulnerability zones are mainly distributed in the main towns and roads of Shennongjia. (2) The risk of ecological vulnerability of the entire region presents the characteristics of continuous decline. The ecological vulnerability composite index reaches the lowest value of 2.51 in 2018. (3) Land-use types, population density, and vegetation coverage are the main factors driving the evolution of ecological vulnerability. (4) A high level of coupling coordination exists between ecological vulnerability and landscape patterns, and the contribution of patch number and aggregation index to ecological vulnerability is substantial. Conclusions Analyses of the ecological vulnerability of Shennongjia shows that the entire region is in a mild vulnerability level. The extreme vulnerability risk of the northeast, south and southwest areas appears gradually, the vulnerability degree of the ecological environment shows polarization. The evolution of ecological environment in Shennongjia is the result of the interaction between human activities and natural environment. This study offers an effective way to assess ecological vulnerability and provides some strategies and guidance for improving ecological security.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variation Analysis of Landscape Pattern Response to Land Use Change from 1985 to 2015 in Xuzhou City, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yantao Xi ◽  
Nguyen Thinh ◽  
Cheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Barren Land

Rapid urbanization has dramatically spurred economic development since the 1980s, especially in China, but has had negative impacts on natural resources since it is an irreversible process. Thus, timely monitoring and quantitative analysis of the changes in land use over time and identification of landscape pattern variation related to growth modes in different periods are essential. This study aimed to inspect spatiotemporal characteristics of landscape pattern responses to land use changes in Xuzhou, China durfing the period of 1985–2015. In this context, we propose a new spectral index, called the Normalized Difference Enhanced Urban Index (NDEUI), which combines Nighttime light from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System with annual maximum Enhanced Vegetation Index to reduce the detection confusion between urban areas and barren land. The NDEUI-assisted random forests algorithm was implemented to obtain the land use/land cover maps of Xuzhou in 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2015, respectively. Four different periods (1985–1995, 1995–2005, 2005–2015, and 1985–2015) were chosen for the change analysis of land use and landscape patterns. The results indicate that the urban area has increased by about 30.65%, 10.54%, 68.77%, and 143.75% during the four periods at the main expense of agricultural land, respectively. The spatial trend maps revealed that continuous transition from other land use types into urban land has occurred in a dual-core development mode throughout the urbanization process. We quantified the patch complexity, aggregation, connectivity, and diversity of the landscape, employing a number of landscape metrics to represent the changes in landscape patterns at both the class and landscape levels. The results show that with respect to the four aspects of landscape patterns, there were considerable differences among the four years, mainly owing to the increasing dominance of urbanized land. Spatiotemporal variation in landscape patterns was examined based on 900 × 900 m sub-grids. Combined with the land use changes and spatiotemporal variations in landscape patterns, urban growth mainly occurred in a leapfrog mode along both sides of the roads during the period of 1985 to 1995, and then shifted into edge-expansion mode during the period of 1995 to 2005, and the edge-expansion and leapfrog modes coexisted in the period from 2005 to 2015. The high value spatiotemporal information generated using remote sensing and geographic information system in this study could assist urban planners and policymakers to better understand urban dynamics and evaluate their spatiotemporal and environmental impacts at the local level to enable sustainable urban planning in the future.

Assessment of landscape changes under different urban dynamics based on a multiple-scenario modeling approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1379
Author(s):  
Chao Xu ◽  
Dagmar Haase ◽  
Meirong Su ◽  
Yutao Wang ◽  
Stephan Pauleit
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Dynamics

In the context of rapid urbanization, it remains unclear how urban landscape patterns shift under different urban dynamics, in particular taking different influencing factors of urban dynamics into consideration. In the present study, three key influencing factors were considered, namely, housing demand, spatial structure, and growth form. On this basis, multiple urban dynamic scenarios were constructed and then calculated using either an autologistic regression–Markov chain–based cellular automata model or an integer programming-based urban green space optimization model. A battery of landscape metrics was employed to characterize and quantitatively assess the landscape pattern changes, among which the redundancy was pre-tested and reduced using principal component analysis. The case study of the Munich region, a fast-growing urban region in southern Germany, demonstrated that the changes of the patch complexity index and the landscape aggregation index were largely similar at sub- and regional scales. Specifically, low housing demand, monocentric and compact growth scenarios showed higher levels of patch complexity but lower levels of landscape aggregation, compared to high housing demand, polycentric and sprawl growth scenarios, respectively. In contrast, the changes in the landscape diversity index under different scenarios showed contrasting trends between different sub-regional zones. The findings of this study provide planners and policymakers with a more in-depth understanding of urban landscape pattern changes under different urban planning strategies and its implications for landscape functions and services.

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