scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability Based on Vulnerability Scoring Diagram Model in Shennongjia, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-shuo Cao ◽  
Yu-qi Yang ◽  
Zheng-yu Deng ◽  
Yuan-dong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Entire Region ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability

Abstract Background Shennongjia is one of the most important ecological function areas and ecologically vulnerable zones in the world. With the rapid development of social economies, especially tourism, the ecological environment of Shennongjia has experienced profound changes. To describe an assessment method of ecological vulnerability, explain its application in Shennongjia, and propose optimization strategies to reduce the risk of ecosystem vulnerability and maintain regional ecological security and stability. Results (1) During the study period, the overall ecological vulnerability of Shennongjia is in a mild vulnerability level, exhibiting differentiation characteristics of high in the northeast and low in the southwest. High vulnerability zones are mainly distributed in the main towns and roads of Shennongjia. (2) The risk of ecological vulnerability of the entire region presents the characteristics of continuous decline. The ecological vulnerability composite index reaches the lowest value of 2.51 in 2018. (3) Land-use types, population density, and vegetation coverage are the main factors driving the evolution of ecological vulnerability. (4) A high level of coupling coordination exists between ecological vulnerability and landscape patterns, and the contribution of patch number and aggregation index to ecological vulnerability is substantial. Conclusions Analyses of the ecological vulnerability of Shennongjia shows that the entire region is in a mild vulnerability level. The extreme vulnerability risk of the northeast, south and southwest areas appears gradually, the vulnerability degree of the ecological environment shows polarization. The evolution of ecological environment in Shennongjia is the result of the interaction between human activities and natural environment. This study offers an effective way to assess ecological vulnerability and provides some strategies and guidance for improving ecological security.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability Based on Vulnerability Scoring Diagram Model in Shennongjia, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-shuo Cao ◽  
Yu-qi Yang ◽  
Zheng-yu Deng ◽  
Yuan-dong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Entire Region ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
Social Economies ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: Shennongjia is one of the most important ecological function areas and ecologically vulnerable zones in the world. With the rapid development of social economies, especially tourism, the ecological environment of Shennongjia has experienced profound changes. Results: (1) During the study period, the overall ecological vulnerability of Shennongjia is in a mild vulnerability level, exhibiting differentiation characteristics of high in the northeast and low in the southwest. High vulnerability zones are mainly distributed in the main towns and roads. (2) The risk of ecological vulnerability of the entire region presents the characteristics of continuous decline. (3) Land-use types, population density, and vegetation coverage are the main factors driving the evolution of ecological vulnerability. (4) A high level of coupling coordination exists between ecological vulnerability and landscape patterns.Conclusions: Analyses of the ecological vulnerability of Shennongjia shows that the entire region is in a mild vulnerability level. The extreme vulnerability risk of the ecological environment shows polarization. The evolution of ecological environment in Shennongjia is the result of the interaction between human activities and natural environment. This study offers an effective way to assess ecological vulnerability and provides some strategies and guidance for improving ecological security.

scholarly journals Assessment of Ecological Vulnerability on Northern Sand Prevention Belt of China Based on the Ecological Pressure–Sensibility–Resilience Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6078
Author(s):  
Xiufen Li ◽  
Lining Song ◽  
Zunbo Xie ◽  
Tian Gao ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ecological Pressure

Quantitative assessment of ecological vulnerability is of great significance for ecological protection and restoration in ecologically vulnerable regions. Here, the ecological vulnerability of the northern sand prevention belt (NSPB) of China was assessed using an ecological pressure–sensibility–resilience model from 2000 to 2015. Results showed that the ecological vulnerability index (EVI) displayed low values in the eastern part and high values in the western part of the study region. The EVI ranged from 0.29 to 1.32 in 2000, with the mean value of 0.88, whereas it averaged 0.78 in 2015, ranging from 0.21 to 1.26. Decreasing EVI from 2000 to 2015 indicated that the ecological status has been improved. Moreover, the area proportion of moderately, heavily, and extremely ecological vulnerability levels occupied approximately 87% in both 2000 and 2015, indicating a high ecological vulnerability level. Furthermore, the change in area proportion of different ecological vulnerability levels were associated with the change in the spatial distribution of vegetation coverage, indicating that eco-environmental protection projects were indeed effective. These findings indicated that differential strategies in different restoration zones should be adopted, especially in the western parts of the study region, and eco-environmental protection projects should be reinforced to improve the ecological restoration.

Study on Prediction and Assessment Methods of Outdoor Wind Environment of Residential District - Taking “Letian Home” in Leshan, Sichuan for Example

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 3868-3873
Author(s):  
Li Jin Ma ◽  
Hong Juan Zou ◽  
Jia Shun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Computational Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Analog Computation ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
Residential District

According to the micro-climate environment outdoor of the region, wind environment outdoor which is under planning programming can be done analog computation using computational fluid mechanics PHOENICS software. A set of comprehensive prediction and assessment system which is mainly focused on outdoor environment composite index WBGT can be established combining with assessment method on wind environment outdoor of predecessors in order to more accurately and humanly predict and assess the wind environment outdoor, bring safe, comfortable and healthy outdoor environment and provide references for the assessment and design of green residential district.

scholarly journals Natural lead-enriched biochar modifies TiO2 photocatalytic activation of sodium persulfate to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01111
Author(s):  
Xiangxin Lu ◽  
Wenbing Tan ◽  
Beidou Xi ◽  
Xiuyun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Sodium Persulfate ◽  
Active Sodium ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Combination System ◽  
Modern Chemical ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Due to the rapid development of the modern chemical industry, a large amount of chlorophenol pollutants remain in the environment. It poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Advanced oxidation technologies (AOPs) have the characteristics of mild reaction conditions and strong oxidation capacity, and are currently recognized as safe and effective pollutant treatment technologies. In this study, natural lead-rich biochar materials were used to activate sodium persulfate to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol, and natural lead-rich biochar modified TiO2 photocatalytically degraded 2,4-dichlorophenol. Then, using natural lead-rich metal biochar/TiO2 material, photocatalysis combined with active sodium persulfate to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol. The experimental results show that the combination of photocatalysis and activated sodium persulfate reaction can completely degrade 100 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenol under UV light for 3 h, and the degradation efficiency is much higher than the sum of the two separate reactions. Quenching experiments show that SO4- • radicals play the most important role in the three free radicals (SO4- •, •OH and •O2- ) in the advanced oxidation combination system. Finally, the reaction mechanism of the two advanced oxidation combined systems are speculated.

scholarly journals DYNAMIC STATE OF ECOSYSTEM CARRYING CAPACITY UNDER ISLAND URBANIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF PINGTAN ISLAND IN THE SOUTHEASTERN COAST OF CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Gao ◽  
Huihui Sun ◽  
Guangxi Cao ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Runjie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Pingtan Island

The assessment of ecological environment during the large-scale development of islands is a major topic in the study of current coastal islands. Choosing the appropriate assessment method to evaluate the suitability of carrying capacity of islands and making relevant suggestions are significant to the sustainable development of islands. Ecological footprint method is used to analyze the ecological carrying capacity of Pingtan Island (PI) from 2005 to 2016 for promoting the coordinated rational development and construction and ecological environment of the island. Although PI is in rapid urban development and construction, the island maintains secure and stable ecological conditions. PI is used as a research case to analyze the sustainable development of the ecological environment through the carrying capacity of the island ecosystem.

scholarly journals Construction of ecological security pattern based on the importance of ecosystem service functions and ecological sensitivity assessment: a case study in Fengxian County of Jiangsu Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 563-590
Author(s):  
Xingxing Jin ◽  
Luyao Wei ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Yuqi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Ecological Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Surface ◽  
Ecological Resistance ◽  
Security Pattern

AbstractThe construction of ecological security pattern is one of the important ways to alleviate the contradiction between economic development and ecological protection, as well as the important contents of ecological civilization construction. How to scientifically construct the ecological security pattern of small-scale counties, and achieve sustainable economic development based on ecological environment protection, it has become an important proposition in regulating the ecological process effectively. Taking Fengxian County of China as an example, this paper selected the importance of ecosystem service functions and ecological sensitivity to evaluate the ecological importance and identify ecological sources. Furthermore, we constructed the ecological resistance surface by various landscape assignments and nighttime lighting modifications. Through a minimum cumulative resistance model, we obtained ecological corridors and finally constructed the ecological security pattern comprehensively combining with ecological resistance surface construction. Accordingly, we further clarified the specific control measures for ecological security barriers and regional functional zoning. This case study shows that the ecological security pattern is composed of ecological sources and corridors, where the former plays an important security role, and the latter ensures the continuity of ecological functions. In terms of the spatial layout, the ecological security barriers built based on ecological security pattern and regional zoning functions are away from the urban core development area. As for the spatial distribution, ecological sources of Fengxian County are mainly located in the central and southwestern areas, which is highly coincident with the main rivers and underground drinking water source area. Moreover, key corridors and main corridors with length of approximately 115.71 km and 26.22 km, respectively, formed ecological corridors of Fengxian County. They are concentrated in the western and southwestern regions of the county which is far away from the built-up areas with strong human disturbance. The results will provide scientific evidence for important ecological land protection and ecological space control at a small scale in underdeveloped and plain counties. In addition, it will enrich the theoretical framework and methodological system of ecological security pattern construction. To some extent, it also makes a reference for improving the regional ecological environment carrying capacities and optimizing the ecological spatial structure in such kinds of underdeveloped small-scale counties.

scholarly journals ANALYZING LAND USE PATTERN CHANGES IN MUKIM PENGERANG, JOHOR, MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Noordini Binti Che Man ◽  
Anis Farhan Binti Salihin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Use Pattern

Urbanization and urban land-use transition have a competitive environment to ensure and provide good facilities for citizen benefit. The landscape patterns resulting from urbanization effect processes at local, regional, and global scales. Quantifying the spatiotemporal pattern of urbanization is important for understanding its ecological impacts and can provide basic information for appropriate decision-making. The growth of urbanization in Mukim Pengerang, Johor, has undergone rapid changes in agriculture, settlements, townships and various activities. The changes of land use take place in Mukim Pengerang due to the rapid economic development, especially in industrializations which are Refinery and Petrochemical Integrated Development (RAPID) project and Pengerang Integrated Petroleum Complex (PIPC). The industrialization boosts the growth in land property and commercial which progressing in rapid development since the year 2012, in resulting whether it can give good, bad or both impact to the human and surrounding. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to quantify the changes in landscape pattern or land use pattern between the year 2008 and 2017 occurred in Mukim Pengerang. In monitoring the spatial pattern changes, and the changes of landscape structure, the metrics landscape were analyzed with determination of the Shanon Diversity Index (SHDI), the number of patches (NP), Edge Density (ED) and Total Edge (TE) in the period of 8 years. The results show that the changes occurred with the three types of land use showed significant changes in the types of land use which are forest, agricultural and built-up area. The result of SHDI analysis shows the increment value between the year 2008 and 2017. This situation illustrates that the higher value of SHDI for an area, resulting in the higher level of land use. This is because the growing pattern of land use is reflected by a large number of patches due to the diversification of land use activities in the area. As a result, from the metrics statistics test verifies there was a significant change in land use that took place within 8 years.

Assessment of landscape changes under different urban dynamics based on a multiple-scenario modeling approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1379
Author(s):  
Chao Xu ◽  
Dagmar Haase ◽  
Meirong Su ◽  
Yutao Wang ◽  
Stephan Pauleit
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Dynamics

In the context of rapid urbanization, it remains unclear how urban landscape patterns shift under different urban dynamics, in particular taking different influencing factors of urban dynamics into consideration. In the present study, three key influencing factors were considered, namely, housing demand, spatial structure, and growth form. On this basis, multiple urban dynamic scenarios were constructed and then calculated using either an autologistic regression–Markov chain–based cellular automata model or an integer programming-based urban green space optimization model. A battery of landscape metrics was employed to characterize and quantitatively assess the landscape pattern changes, among which the redundancy was pre-tested and reduced using principal component analysis. The case study of the Munich region, a fast-growing urban region in southern Germany, demonstrated that the changes of the patch complexity index and the landscape aggregation index were largely similar at sub- and regional scales. Specifically, low housing demand, monocentric and compact growth scenarios showed higher levels of patch complexity but lower levels of landscape aggregation, compared to high housing demand, polycentric and sprawl growth scenarios, respectively. In contrast, the changes in the landscape diversity index under different scenarios showed contrasting trends between different sub-regional zones. The findings of this study provide planners and policymakers with a more in-depth understanding of urban landscape pattern changes under different urban planning strategies and its implications for landscape functions and services.

The Coupling Development between Tourism Economy and Ecological Environment in Harbin City

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4150-4153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Hua Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Harmonious Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Harbin City ◽  
Tourism Economy

The rapid development of tourism has brought us great economic benefits. However, more and more negative effect on ecology has begun to emerge with large resources and energy consumption. At present, how to improve harmonious development of tourism economy and ecological environment has been a study focus. The mathematic model of the relationship between tourism economy and ecological environment was constructed in this paper, in order to achieve an empirical analysis on the harmonious development of tourism economy and the ecological environment in Harbin City from 2000 and 2010. The results shows that the alternative augmentation of tourism economy and the ecological environment has improved from being slight disorder to being primary coordinated. The tourism economy and the ecological environment share a positive interaction and harmonious development with a coupling coordination. Nevertheless, the level of coupling degree and coordination is still too low. And some countermeasures should be taken to promote the sustainable development of tourism.

Nature Landscape Farms Rural Areas – Ecological Cycle – A Case Study of Yansaihu Greenway Planning of Qinhuangdao City

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 840-843
Author(s):  
Xue Fei Liu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Zhi Guang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
In Series ◽  
Leisure Industry

With the rapid development of new rural construction, rural areas have been changed enormously. At the same time, the ecological environment of rural areas has suffered a lot, especially, for the water environment and the rural landscape. In this paper, Yansaihu greenway planning of Qinhuangdao City has been used as an example, to demonstrate how to combine the nature, the Yansaihu water, the fields, and the rural areas in series by means of the greenway planning. While using and protecting Yansaihu natural landscape, it promotes agricultural leisure industry and extends the historical and cultural context, protects water resources in the ecological environment, and promotes the purpose of harmonization of nature, landscapes, farmland, and rural landscape, in order to achieve both of the rural environment and ecology landscape as well as rural economic development.

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