scholarly journals Depicting Flows of Embodied Water Pollutant Discharge within Production System: Case of an Undeveloped Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3774
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Junnian Song
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
Cutting Capacity ◽  
Water Pollutant

Water pollution is still an obstacle on the way towards sustainable development, especially for some undeveloped regions in China. To formulate policies for water pollution control from multiple perspectives, it is significant to holistically investigate how final demand purchases trigger water pollutant discharge in the production process. With Jilin Province as an empirical study area, the final production and consumption attributions of chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharge within the input–output framework are measured. By employing structural pass analysis and mapping approaches, the supply chain linkages between the two attributions of COD discharge are illustrated. The embodied flows of COD discharge across sectors through the supply chains are exhaustively revealed. The results show that the exports drive 70.23% of the total COD discharge. Animal production (S2) is the dominant contributor to COD discharge from both production and consumption perspectives. Final demand on the products of Foods & tobacco products (S8), Sawmills & furniture, and Construction largely induces COD discharge at higher production layers. In contrast, final demand on S2’s products mainly drives direct COD discharge (96.04%). S2 and S8 are the two key sectors in the supply chains, which provide other sectors with pollution-intensive products as intermediate inputs. The findings indicate that the export of S2’s products should be largely cut down, along with adjustment of the export structure. Innovations of production technologies and improvement of end-of-pipe abatement abilities for S2 and S8 should be facilitated. Besides, cutting capacity or reducing investment on these two sectors should be propelled.

Treatment of Silicon Steel Wastewater with Fenton Reagent

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Wen Yi Zhang ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
Qiu Yan Li ◽  
Ning Han
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Chemical Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
Water Pollutant

The paper aims to find out an economic and effective treatment for the silicon steel wastewater. According to the Fenton reaction principle, chemical adsorption and chemical flocculation, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Cr6+ in the wastewater were reduced. The appropriate parameters were as follows: the mol ratio of Fe2+ to H2O2 was 1:2, the mol ratio of Fe2+ (dosage into the wastewater) to Cr6+ (content of the wastewater) was 5.2:1, pH 3-4, temperature 15-35°C. Under these conditions, the removal rate of Cr6+ and CODCr was 99.99% and 98.11% respectively, the Cr6+ and CODCr of the influent reduced from 2959mg/L and 1351mg/L to 0.421mg/L and 25.6mg/L respectively, and the effluent concentration achieved 1-class in "Steel Industrial Water Pollutant Discharge Standard(GB 13456-92)".

Dynamics of Water Quality in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Weihe River

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3245-3258
Author(s):  
Juan Deng ◽  
Dong Feng Hu ◽  
Zhou Ping Shangguan
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
Major Factors

The Weihe River is an upstream tributary of the Yellow River that is heavily influenced by excessive pollutant discharge. In this study, the water quality of the Weihe River was studied based on five water quality indices: CODMn (chemical oxygen demand), BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand), NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen), DO (dissolved oxygen), and PPI (potassium permanganate index), using monitoring data collected from 13 river sections in the middle and lower reaches of the river from 2001 to 2010. Our results showed that the water quality tended to deteriorate from the upper to the lower reaches of the river. Additionally, CODMn, NH3-N and PPI were found to be the major factors resulting in water pollution over time in all river sections, but the pollutant concentrations with the interannual variability differed in every section. Therefore, many efficient and reasonable measures should be carried out to control water pollution and improve water quality in the Weihe River.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Blue and Grey Water in the Supply Chain of China’s Apparel Manufacturing

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1212
Author(s):  
Ao Liu ◽  
Aixi Han ◽  
Li Chai
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Water ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Economic Output

Apparel manufacturing involves high water consumption and heavy water pollution in its supply chain, e.g., planting cotton, producing chemical fibers, and dyeing. This study employs a multi-regional input–output (MRIO) model to (1) assess the life cycle of blue and grey water (chemical oxygen demand (COD) specific) of China’s apparel manufacturing; (2) reveal the hidden linkage among sectors and regions in the whole supply chain; and (3) identify the key regions and upstream sectors with the most water consumption and heaviest water pollution. We found that the agricultural sector (i.e., planting fiber crops) is responsible for primary water consumption and water pollution. In addition, different provinces assume different production roles. Guangdong is a major output province in apparel manufacturing. However, its economic output is contributed to by other regions, such as blue water from Xinjiang and Jiangsu and grey water from Hebei and Shandong. Our research reveals the significance of taking an inter-regional perspective on water resource issues throughout the supply chain in apparel manufacturing. The sustainable development of China’s apparel manufacturing relies on improving water-use efficiency and reasonable industrial layout. The results are of significance and informative for policymakers to build a water-sustainable apparel industry.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Effects and Driving Factors of Water Pollutants Discharge in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1174
Author(s):  
Qilong Ren ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Water Pollutants ◽  
Pollutant Discharge

The problem of water pollution is a social issue in China requiring immediate and urgent solutions. In the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, the contradiction between preserving the ecological environment and facilitating sustainable economic development is particularly acute. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of water pollutants and their factors of influence using statistics on the discharge of two water pollutants, namely chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen), in 154 counties in both 2012 and 2016 as research units in the region. The study employed Exploratory Spatial-Time Data Analysis (ESTDA), Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE), and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models, as well as ArcGIS and GeoDa software, obtaining the following conclusions: (1) From 2012 to 2016, pollutant discharge dropped significantly, with COD and NH3-N emissions decreasing 65.9% and 47.2%, respectively; the pollutant emissions possessed the spatial feature of gradual gradient descent from the central districts to the periphery. (2) The water pollutants discharge displayed significant and positive spatial correlations. The spatiotemporal cohesion of the spatiotemporal evolution of the pollutants was higher than their spatiotemporal fluidity, representing strong spatial locking. (3) The level of economic development, the level of urbanization, and the intensity of agricultural production input significantly and positively drove pollutant discharge; the environmental regulations had a significant effect on reducing the emission of pollutants. In particular, the effect for NH3-N emissions reduction was stronger; the driving effect of the industrial structure and the distance decay was not significant.

scholarly journals Water quality assessment of the Borska Reka river using the WPI (Water Pollution Index) method

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Milijasevic ◽  
Ana Milanovic ◽  
Jovana Brankov ◽  
M. Radovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Water Pollution Index ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Basin Area

The Borska Reka river (47 km long, 373 km2 of basin area) is located in eastern Serbia and it is the biggest tributary of the river Veliki Timok. It is also one of the most polluted watercourses in Serbia. Using the data of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, the paper analyzes water pollution using the combined physical-chemical WPI index (water pollution index) over two periods: 1993-1996 and 2006-2009. The analysis of parameters showed significantly increased values of heavy metals (especially iron and manganese) which are indicators of inorganic pollution (primarily because of mining), but also increased values of organic pollution indicators (Biological Oxygen Demand-BOD5, ammonium, coliform germs), as the result of uncontrolled domestic wastewater discharge.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters of Gomati River at Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 875-886
Author(s):  
Azad Kannaujiya
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Gomati River ◽  
The Impact

Gomati River originate from Madhoganj Tanda village in Pilibhit district, U.P. it passes through the district of Shahjahanpur, kheri, Hardoi, Sitapur, Janpur and ultimately merge in Ganga. River water is significant for every living organism as well as aquatic life. Water pollution is a major global problem. Modernization and urbanization have polluted the river water and degraded the status. All over the world we are seeing that drain is the main source of water pollution especially for rivers flowing within the city. This drain generally carries industrial effluent, domestic waste, sewage and medicinal waste resulting in poor water quality. Gomati River receives industrial as well as domestic waste from various drains of Lucknow city. As Gomati river is the only source of surface water near the communities. A total 20 parameters namely Temperature, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total suspended solids (TSS), Total solids (TS), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological oxygen demand (BOD) Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium as ca, Magnesium as Mg, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate as So4, Nickel as Ni, Lead as Pb, and Zinc as Zn where analysed and their variation is discussed to obtain the impact of effluents on water quality. From the result it was found higher than the permissible limit of WHO and BIS.

Ecological assessment of water quality for different water uses: the upstream sub-basin of the Dnieper and Desna rivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Strokal ◽  
◽  
A Kovpak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Harmful Algae ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Status

Novelties of this study include a synthesis of water quality parameters for the upstream sub-basin of the Dnieper River. This upstream sub-basin includes the Desna River. The synthesis revels new insights on the sources of the water pollution and the status of the water quality for different purposes such as drinking, aquaculture and recreation. The main research objective was to identify the main sources of water pollution and how those sources could decrease the water quality. As a result of our analysis, we conclude the following. The levels of ammonium-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen in the Desna River (upstream sub-basin) are by 2-43 times and up to 53 times higher than the water quality thresholds, respectively. This poses a risk for recreational activities since too much nutrients often lead to blooms of harmful algae. We also find an increased level of biological oxygen demand in the river for drinking purposes. For aquaculture, decreased levels of dissolved oxygen are found. Climate change has an impact on water quality. For example, extreme floods caused by too much precipitation can bring pollutants to nearby waters. Monthly average temperature has increased by +2.7 degrees contributing to increased microbiological processes that could stimulate blooms of harmful algae. Main sources of water pollution are sewage discharges in cities, agricultural runoff and erosion activities after floods.

An Interval-Fuzzy Emissions Reduction Optimization Model for Regional Water Pollutant Total Amount Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
Zhuang Li ◽  
Jing Ya Wen ◽  
Ze Sen Wang ◽  
Zhao Sun ◽  
Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Fuzzy Linear Programming ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Total Amount Control ◽  
Water Pollutant ◽  
Regional Water

Combining environment policies of structure emissions reduction, engineering emissions reduction and management emissions reduction, this paper uses an interval-fuzzy linear programming and builds an optimization model for total amount control of regional water pollution, on account of severe water pollution condition. The developed model is applied to a case of Hunan Province to validate its validity and reliability. The optimal result demonstrated that the emission reduction of COD and NH3-N are [43.39, 47.57] and [7.05, 7.64] (104 tons), and the optimal total costs of reduction is [35.11, 37.35] (billion yuan), which decreases 6.32~11.20% than the existed recommended scheme (39.87 billion yuan). This method can be used for providing technical support and thus achieves the 12th Five-year goals of the environment protection plan more effectively.

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