scholarly journals Reduction of Fertilizer Use in South China—Impacts and Implications on Smallholder Rice Farmers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Wehmeyer ◽  
Annalyn H. de Guia ◽  
Melanie Connor
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Efficiency ◽  
Sustainability Research

Despite the overuse of fertilizer in China, yields have stagnated while environmental pollution has risen. To increase sustainable production, the “Three Controls” Technology (3CT) was adopted in Guangdong Province as an agricultural best management practice for rice production. Its goal is to reduce the fertilizer use of farmers while decreasing the number of unproductive tillers and controlling pests and diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the farmers’ perception of 3CT focusing on three different impact factors: economic, social, and environmental. Using a digital survey questionnaire application, 142 farmers from six villages in Guangdong Province were interviewed to evaluate perceived changes in their farming and livelihood since adopting 3CT. Results showed that the farmers were highly satisfied with 3CT. They perceived positive livelihood changes and increased agronomic performance with reduced fertilizer use. Farmers who had adopted 3CT for the longest perceived significantly higher levels of change, more benefits, and improved agricultural efficiency. The study showed that 3CT is highly appreciated by farmers due to its effectiveness, ease of use, and compatibility. Our model highlighted the relevance of including social and environmental impact analysis for sustainability research in agriculture. Ultimately, 3CT has the potential of being implemented in other regions of China.

scholarly journals Do Agricultural Machinery Services Facilitate Land Transfer? Evidence from Rice Farmers in Sichuan Province, China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Xi Yu ◽  
Xiyang Yin ◽  
Yuying Liu ◽  
Dongmei Li
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Land Rental ◽  
Rental Markets ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural machinery services play an increasingly important role in the land transfer market, especially in developing countries. Prior studies have explored the impact factors of machinery use on agricultural production and land transfer, respectively. However, little research has focused on the relationship between the adoption of agricultural machinery services and the land transfer of rice farmers. To bridge this gap, this study investigated the correlation between machinery services and land transfer, using unique survey data of 810 rice farmers collected from Sichuan province in China. Additionally, this study further explored the impact mechanism on land transfer of rural households with IV-Probit and IV-Tobit models. The empirical results show the following: (i) Agricultural machinery services have a significantly positive and robust effect on both the incidence and area of rice farmers’ land transfer-in, while the impact degree is different. Specifically, with other conditions remaining unchanged, and with a 1% increase in the proportion of machinery services, the average probability of land transfer-in of rice farmers increased by 2.4%, and the area of land transfer-in increased by 13.4 mu, on average. (ii) For control variables, head education, agricultural certificates and whether the majority of land, are in a flat area have positive impacts on land transfer-in behavior. Yet, age and off-farm labor have a negative impact on land transfer-in area. Moreover, our findings highlight the importance of agricultural machinery services in stimulating the development of rural land rental markets.

Survey on weedy rice (Oryza spp.) management practice and adoption of Clearfield® rice technology in Peninsular Malaysia

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Masilamany Dilipkumar ◽  
Muhammad Saiful Ahmad-Hamdani ◽  
Hairazi Rahim ◽  
Tse Seng Chuah ◽  
Nilda Roma Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Development Area ◽  
Adoption Level ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract A total of 452 rice farmers from three main granary areas of Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA), Kemubu Agricultural Development Authority (KADA), and Integrated Agricultural Development Area Barat Laut Selangor (IADA BLS) were surveyed in 2019. The goal was to determine farmers’ knowledge of and management practices for weedy rice (Oryza spp.) as well as the adoption level of Clearfield® rice technology (CRT) in Malaysia. Most farmers (74%) were adept at recognizing weedy rice. The majority of farmers (77%) perceived transplanting and water seeding rice systems as the best options to manage weedy rice, while only 10% of the farmers adopted CRT. The low level of adoption of this technology was due to several constraints, including the high cost of the CRT package and occurrence of imidazolinone (IMI)-resistant weedy rice in their farms. Farmers from MADA and IADA BLS reported the occurrence of IMI weedy rice in their farms for more than nine planting seasons, whereas those from KADA reported having resistant weedy rice for five to six planting seasons. The main factor contributing to the evolution of IMI-resistant weedy rice was ignorance about the technology and deliberate disregard of stewardship guidelines. The survey revealed that there is a need to increase awareness about CRT through training and educational programs for proper adoption of this technology.

scholarly journals Strategi peningkatan pendapatan petani padi di Kecamatan Gunung Tujuh Kabupaten Kerinci

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Utari Seplida ◽  
Syamsurijal Tan ◽  
Yulmardi Yulmardi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Input Prices ◽  
Main Strategy

This study aims to: (1) determine the socio-economic characteristics of rice farmers in Gunung Tujuh District, Kerinci Regency (2) to determine what factors affect the income of rice farmers in Gunung Tujuh Subdistrict, Kerinci Regency (3) to determine strategies for increasing income rice farmers in Gunung Tujuh District, Kerinci Regency. The quantitative analysis used in this research is regression analysis. Based on the results of multiple regressions, working capital variables, land area, and total production have positive and significant coefficients on farmers' income, where the amount of production variable is the variable that has the greatest influence on the income of rice farmers in Gunung Tujuh District, Kerinci Regency. The results of this study in the form of a strategy to increase rice farmers' income based on internal and external results showed that the main strategy is the strategic focus that must be done, namely optimizing weaknesses and overcoming various threats by reducing land conversion by providing capital, reactivating Gapoktan, optimizing fertilizer use, overcoming the problem of increasing input prices to increase cooperation between extension workers and Gapoktan in Gunung Tujuh District, Kerinci Regency.  

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness study of the MitraClip system for mitral regurgitation treatment in inoperable patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
E. G. Fedina ◽  
K. A. Perova ◽  
T. S. Teptsova ◽  
D. S. Shchurov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Budget Impact ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Optimal Medical Therapy ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Mitraclip System

The study aims to estimate the MitraClip system’s cost-effectiveness compared with optimal medical therapy in adult patients with inoperable mitral regurgitation and assess its impact on the budget of the Russian Federation health system.Materials and methods. The cost-effectiveness analysis of the MitraClip system was carried out using the Markov model. The time horizon was three & five years. The budget impact analysis (BIA) model compared the costs of treating patients distributed across different management practices. Standard management practice included only optimal medical therapy. Expected management practice included different patient allocation between the MitraClip system and optimal medical therapy. The time horizon for the budget impact analysis was five years. Results. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per additional quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained of the MitraClip system in comparison with optimal medical therapy was 6,271,657 rubles in three years and 3,451,342 rubles in five years. Based on the BIA results of the MitraClip system, its use would lead to an increase in costs by 12.6 billion rubles (+6.09%, minimal scenario), by 37.8 billion rubles (+18.28%, optimal scenario) or by 63 billion rubles (+30.47%, maximum scenario).Conclusion. As a result of the analysis performed, it was found that economic efficiency is noted with an increasing time horizon of up to five years. The obtained ICER values are comparable with the average values obtained in other foreign cost-effectiveness studies. The use of this technology will lead to an increase in direct medical costs by 6.09% over five years compared to the current management practice. In more comprehensive MitraClip system implementation (maximum scenario), direct medical costs will increase by 30.47% compared to the current management practice.

scholarly journals Intention To Buy Air Ticket Online Of Vietnamese Consumers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Nam Khanh Giao ◽  
Huynh Quoc Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Perceived Benefit

The study aimed to identify and measure the factors affecting the intention to buy air ticket online in Vietnam by surveying 331 consumers aged 18 and over who bought air ticket online. The SPSS 20 tool was used to analyze the reliability of the scale through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, EFA exploratory factor analysis, and linear regression analysis. Research results show that positive impact factors, decreasing by their strength, include: Perceived Benefit, Reliability, Reputation, Subjective Norm, Perceived Ease of Use. Meanwhile, Perceived Risk has a negative impact on the intention to buy air ticket of consumers. The results also help managers recognize the importance of the factors that affect the buying behavior of the consumers, and consequently make appropriate strategic adjustments and actions in the competitive process for air ticket online presently.

scholarly journals Organic Mulching Can Suppress Litchi Downy Blight Through Modification of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Functional Potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Xu ◽  
Jinfeng Ling ◽  
Pinggen Xi ◽  
Yani Zeng ◽  
Jianfan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Pests And Diseases

Abstract Organic mulching is an important management practice in agricultural production to improve soil quality, control crop pests and diseases and increase the biodiversity of soil microecosystem. However, the information about soil microbial diversity and composition in litchi plantation response to organic mulching and its attribution to litchi downy blight severity was limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of organic mulching on litchi downy blight, and evaluate the biodiversity and antimicrobial potential of soil microbial community of litchi plantation soils under organic mulching. Our results showed that organic mulching could decrease the disease incidence in the litchi plantation. As a result of high-throughput 16S rRNA and ITS rDNA gene illumine sequencing, higher bacterial and fungal community diversity indexes were found in organic mulching soils, the relative abundance of norank f norank o Vicinamibacterales, norank f Vicinamibacteraceae, norank f Xanthobacteraceae, Unclassified c sordariomycetes, Aspergillus and Thermomyces were significant more than that in control soils. Isolation and analysis of antagonistic microorganism showed that 29 antagonistic bacteria strains and 37 antagonistic fungi strains were unique for mulching soils. Thus, we believe that organic mulching has a positive regulatory effect on the litchi downy blight and the soil microbial communities, and so, is more suitable for litchi plantation.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Tanaman Minyak Atsiri Sebagai Pengendali Hama Tikus Padi (Biopestisida) Di Kabupaten Sukabumi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Lela Lailatul Khumaisah ◽  
Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih ◽  
Asep Kadarohman
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Rice Pests ◽  
Chemical Content

The chemical content in essential oils have activities on microbes, biopesticides, pathogenic vector insects in humans and animals, including Mentha arvensis and Mentha piperita (mint plants) which have antifertility and antibacterial effects, Vetiveria zizanoides (vetiver root) as insects repellent, Cymbopogon nardus (lemongrass) has an activity against plant pathogenic bacteria and antifungals, and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) has locomotor activity of mice and antibacterial. Essential oils are effective against target organisms, compatible, safe and non-toxic, so they have enormous potential to be developed as biopesticides in controlling rice pests. On the other hand, pests and diseases are problems that always disturb rice farmers, including in Sukaresmi and Kebon Pedes villages, Sukabumi. Therefore, the use of essential oil plants has been carried out to control rice mouse pests. This has been started from the preparation of seeds to process of planting the four types of essential oils (mint, lemongrass, and rosemary) in the fields as intercrops and the procurement of essential oil distillation sets. Based on observations, the growth and development of essential oil plants as intercropping plants on rice runs normally and its impact on rice pests, especially in mice, is quite significant with not found rats around the planting area.   Keywords: Mint, lemongrass, rosemary, essential oil, biopesticide

scholarly journals Rice production in Chitwan district of Nepal: An analysis from economic and environmental perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Bidya Kiran Sapkota ◽  
Ananta Prakash Subedi ◽  
Kalyani Mishra Tripathi ◽  
Shiva Chandra Dhakal ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Chi Square Test

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the major staple food in the Nepalese context. Chitwan district of Nepal was purposively selected to analyze the rice production from the socio-economic and environmental perspective. A total of 100 rice growing farmers, 50 organic and 50 inorganic were selected as the sample for the purpose of the study using the simple random method of sampling. Primary data were collected through a pre-tested semi-structure interview schedule and key informant interviews; secondary data were collected reviewing related publications. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression and chi-square test were used for data analysis. The multiple regression revealed that the four explanatory variables included in the model: age of the household head, primary occupation of the household head, number of family members involved in agriculture and subsidy in inputs for rice farming were found to have positive and statistically significant effect on rice yield (P<0.01). Moreover, chi-square test revealed that the farming practices that contributes to climate change mitigation such as: minimum tillage practice (P<0.05), crop diversification (P<0.01), green manuring (P<0.01), agro forestry practice (P<0.05), incorporating crop residues (P<0.1), weed management practice (P<0.01) and pest management practice (P<0.01)were found to be well adopted by the organic rice farmers, in contrast, the farming practices of inorganic rice farmers were statistically and significantly different in this respect. Government should make such policy that could grave the attention of the Nepalese people towards organic agriculture; moreover, encouraging them to make it their primary occupation.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KELAYAKAN USAHATANI PADI DI KECAMATAN PITU RIAWA KABUPATEN SIDRAP

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imam Ma'ruf ◽  
Citra Ayni Kamaruddin ◽  
Arief Muharief
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Rice Farmer ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
National Food Security

Food needs will continue to increase due to year by year, Indonesia's population continues to increase, while the amount of food production cannot compensate for the increase in population. To guarantee national food security, the Indonesian government continues to strive to procure sufficient amounts of rice, including the use of high-yielding seeds, balanced and efficient use of fertilizers, control of pests and diseases, etc. These efforts are only focused on achieving targeted rice production but have not paid attention to the level of income obtained by farmers when cultivating rice compared to cultivating other agricultural commodities. The research was aimed to: (1) determine the income level of a rice farmer, especially in Sidrap District, which is a rice barn area in South Sulawesi Province; and (2) to determine the feasibility of rice farming in the area. One indicator of the feasibility of rice farming can be known based on the value of R / C ratio as well as Break Even Point (BEP) production and Break Even Point (BEP) prices. This study found that the level of income obtained by rice farmers in Pitu Riawa Subdistrict, Sidrap District was Rp. 13,624,672 / ha and was feasible to be cultivated with R / C ratio> 4.24; BEP production of 358 kg; BEP price of IDR 1,152 / kg.

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