scholarly journals Suitability Evaluation and Layout Optimization of the Spatial Distribution of Rural Residential Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Guo ◽  
Fangfang Zhang ◽  
Haiying Wang ◽  
Fen Qin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Layout Optimization ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Resistance Value

A reasonable layout optimization strategy of rural residential areas can improve the quality of life of rural residents and promote rural revitalization. Evaluating the suitability of rural residential areas is the basis of layout optimization. Based on 1:100,000 land cover data and a digital elevation model (30 m) for the Henan Province, China, we used the minimum cumulative resistance model to evaluate the spatial distribution suitability of rural settlements in the Zhengzhou administrative area (abbreviated: Zhengzhou). Then, we used a weighted Voronoi diagram to determine the scope of influence of central villages and determined the direction of relocation for the “combined migration” rural residential areas. The study results support the following conclusions: (1) the comprehensive resistance value of rural residential areas in the Northeastern part of Zhengzhou is low and the suitability is high. However, the comprehensive resistance value of the Southwestern part is high and the suitability is low. (2) The study area can be divided into highly suitable areas, suitable areas, generally suitable areas, unsuitable areas, and extremely unsuitable areas. Unsuitable areas and extremely unsuitable areas accounted for 33.66% of the total area and included 662 rural residential areas. (3) The rural residential areas were divided into four types of optimization: urbanization, key development, controlled development, and combined migration. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of each type of rural residential area, we proposed corresponding optimization strategies. The results remedy the lack of layout optimization strategies for large-scale rural residential areas and can provide support for the optimization of the layout of rural residential areas in Zhengzhou. Furthermore, the research techniques may apply to other regions.

Spatial organization of rural territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 751-756
Author(s):  
Sevostyanov A.V. Sevostyanov A.V. ◽  
V.A. Sevostyanov ◽  
A.P. Spiridonova
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Complex Development

This article covers the issues raised by the objectives of the "The Program for complex development of rural territories" and its subprogram "Providing rural population with affordable and comfortable housing". The authors substantiate the concept "rural agglomeration" and make the suggestions on how to choose rural settlements and land plots suitable for large-scale development of low-density residential areas.

scholarly journals Study of odor simulation and proposed odor isolation distance for some main pollutants (H2S, NH3, CH3SH ) for livestock activities: Applied in Ho Chi Minh City

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thoai Tam ◽  
Ho Quoc Bang ◽  
Vu Hoang Ngoc Khue ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Odor Emissions ◽  
Isolation Distance ◽  
Small Livestock

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is the largest city in Vietnam, with the highest economic growth rate and the most populous density in the country. By the year 2019, HCMC currently has 8.99 million people with 24 districts. Ho Chi Minh city has robust industrial and service development; therefore, HCMC focuses on developing large-scale livestock facilities with a large number of pigs and limiting small livestock facilities. According to statistic data, HCMC has a total of 290.152 pigs in 2018. These livestock facilities are mainly built in Cu Chi, Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh, Can Gio, and Nha Be districts. These livestock facilities in HCMC have inefficient waste treatment systems located interleaved with residential areas. So that, environmental issues are also a big challenge for the city's government because of the great influence of odor on the surrounding environment causing by the wind direction. The main purposes of this study are (i) calculation of odor emissions from livestock facilities, (ii) simulation of the odor from livestock facilities , and (iii) development of the safe distance of odor for livestock facilities in HCMC. The study results show that, the concertrations from livestock facilitties with capacity from from 50 to 200 pigs and 200 to 500 pigs are lower than QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT. The minimum distance for the livestock facility with capacity from over 500 to 1,000 pigs and over 1,000 pigs to the residential area are 230m and 650m, respectively. The procedure for calculating the odor isolation distance developing in this study could apply for other livestock facilities in other provinces, cities.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LAND-USE DISTRIBUTION AND RESIDENTIAL PATTERNS: THE CASE OF MIXED ARAB-JEWISH CITIES IN ISRAEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran GOLDBLATT ◽  
Itzhak OMER
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Spatial Policy

The emergence of GIS and the availability of high resolution geographic data have improved our ability to investigate the residential segregation in cities and to identify the temporal changes of the spatial phenomena. Using GIS, we have quantitatively and visually analyzed the correspondence between land-use distribution and Arab residential patterns and their changes in the period between 1983 and 2008 in five mixed Arab-Jewish Israeli cities. Results show a correspondence between the dynamics of Arab/Jewish residential patterns and the spatial distribution of various land-uses. Arab residential patterns diffused faster towards areas with relatively inferior land-uses than towards areas with more attractive land-uses, in which a gentrification process occurred. Moreover, large-scale non-residential land-uses act as spatial partitions that divide between Arab and Jewish residential areas. Understanding the association between the urban environment and residential patterns can help in formulating an appropriate social and spatial policy concerning planning of land-uses and design of the built environment in mixed cities.

Quantitative analysis of the debris flow risk to concentrated rural settlement in southwest Sichuan, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wei ◽  
Kaiheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Societal Risk

<p><strong>Sichuan Province in southwest China is highly susceptible to debris flow disasters and suffers much damage to buildings and loss of human lives in concentrated rural settlements each year</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> By combining geographic information system (GIS) and Deep Encoding Network (DE-Net) methods, we proposed an automatic identification method for buildings highly susceptible to debris flows with large-scale digital elevation data and high-resolution remote sensing imagery based on a vulnerability matrix containing different threshold values of the horizontal distance (HD) and vertical distance (VD) between buildings and channels. A case study in Puge County, Sichuan Province, demonstrated the high identification potential of the method for buildings susceptible to debris flows in large areas with only scarce information available. Meanwhile, We chose </strong><strong>a high-risk village</strong><strong> in Puge County to study </strong><strong>debris flow risk to buildings and residents. Different</strong><strong> types of days and diurnal periods were considered in </strong><strong>the analysis of societal risk to residents</strong><strong>. The </strong><strong>results</strong><strong> indicated that societal risk to residents on holidays is always higher than that on weekdays, and societal risk at night is also much higher than that in the daytime. </strong><strong>The identification results of buildings vulnerability provide valuable information regarding high-risk residential areas to governments and facilitate targeted measure design at the initial planning stage, and the proposed method of societal risk provides a basis for decision-making in the planning of mitigation countermeasures in a specific settlement.</strong></p>

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution Estimates of the Urban Population Using DSM and DEM Data in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlin Zhang ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Lianjie Qin ◽  
Yugang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Building Height ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Height Data

Spatial distribution and population density are important parameters in studies on urban development, resource allocation, emergency management, and risk analysis. High-resolution height data can be used to estimate the total or spatial pattern of the urban population for small study areas, e.g., the downtown area of a city or a community. However, there has been no case of population estimation for large areas. This paper tries to estimate the urban population of prefectural cities in China using building height data. Building height in urban population settlement (Mdiffs) was first extracted using the digital surface model (DSM), digital elevation model (DEM), and land use data. Then, the relationships between the census-based urban population density (CPD) and the Mdiffs density (MDD) for different regions were regressed. Using these results, the urban population for prefectural cities of China was finally estimated. The results showed that a good linear correlation was found between Mdiffs and the census data in each type of region, as all the adjusted R2 values were above 0.9 and all the models passed the significance test (95% confidence level). The ratio of the estimated population to the census population (PER) was between 0.7 and 1.3 for 76% of the cities in China. This is the first attempt to estimate the urban population using building height data for prefectural cities in China. This method produced reasonable results and can be effectively used for spatial distribution estimates of the urban population in large scale areas.

scholarly journals Study atmospheric pollution to develop a process for calculating the isolation safe distance for livestock activities: Applied in Ho Chi Minh City

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-14
Author(s):  
Thoai Tam Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Ngoc Khue Vu ◽  
Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen ◽  
Quoc Bang Ho
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Odor Emissions ◽  
Small Livestock

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is the largest city in Vietnam, with the highest economic growth rate and the most populous density in the country. By the year 2019, HCMC currently has 8.99 million people with 24 districts. Ho Chi Minh city has robust industrial and service development; therefore, this city focuses on developing large-scale livestock facilities with a large number of pigs and limiting small livestock facilities. According to statistic data, HCMC has a total of 275,000 pigs in 2019. These livestock facilities are mainly built in Cu Chi, Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh, Can Gio, and Nha Be districts. These livestock facilities in HCMC have inefficient waste treatment systems located interleaved with residential areas. So that, environmental issues are also a big challenge for the city's government because of the great influence of odor on the surrounding environment causing by the wind direction. The main purposes of this study are (i) calculation of odor emissions from livestock facilities, (ii) simulation of the odor from livestock facilities, and (iii) development of the safe distance of odor for livestock facilities in HCMC. The study results show that 230m and 650m is the minimum distance from the livestock facility with capacity from over 500 to 1,000 pigs and over 1,000 pigs to the residential area, respectively. The procedure for calculating the odor isolation distance developing in this study could apply for other livestock facilities in other provinces, cities.

Layout optimization of large-scale oil–gas gathering system based on combined optimization strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 159-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Shuangqing Chen ◽  
Bing Guan ◽  
Ping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Layout Optimization ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Oil Gas

Methods of Network Planning and Management when Implementing Territory Planning Projects

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Network Planning ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Planning Project ◽  
Complex Process

The success of the Program of housing stock renovation in Moscow depends on the efficiency of resource management. One of the main urban planning documents that determine the nature of the reorganization of residential areas included in the Program of renovation is the territory planning project. The implementation of the planning project is a complex process that has a time point of its beginning and end, and also includes a set of interdependent parallel-sequential activities. From an organizational point of view, it is convenient to use network planning and management methods for project implementation. These methods are based on the construction of network models, including its varieties – a Gantt chart. A special application has been developed to simulate the implementation of planning projects. The article describes the basic principles and elements of modeling. The list of the main implementation parameters of the Program of renovation obtained with the help of the developed software for modeling is presented. The variants of using the results obtained for a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of large-scale urban projects are proposed.

Large-scale mapping of the catenas vegetation in Subarctic tundra

1995 ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
S. S. Kholod
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Ecological Barriers ◽  
Functional Zones

One of the most difficult tasks in large-scale vegetation mapping is the clarification of mechanisms of the internal integration of vegetation cover territorial units. Traditional way of searching such mechanisms is the study of ecological factors controlling the space heterogeneity of vegetation cover. In essence, this is autecological analysis of vegetation. We propose another way of searching the mechanisms of territorial integration of vegetation. It is connected with intracoenotic interrelation, in particular, with the changing role of edificator synusium in a community along the altitudinal gradient. This way of searching is illustrated in the model-plot in subarctic tundra of Central Chukotka. Our further suggestion concerns the way of depicting these mechanisms on large-scale vegetation map. As a model object we chose the catena, that is the landscape formation including all geomorphjc positions of a slope, joint by the process of moving the material down the slope. The process of peneplanation of a mountain system for a long geological time favours to the levelling the lower (accumulative) parts of slopes. The colonization of these parts of the slope by the vegetation variants, corresponding to the lowest part of catena is the result of peneplanation. Vegetation of this part of catena makes a certain biogeocoenotic work which is the levelling of the small infralandscape limits and of the boundaries in vegetation cover. This process we name as the continualization on catena. In this process the variants of vegetation in the lower part of catena are being broken into separate synusiums. This is the process of decumbation of layers described by V. B. Sochava. Up to the slope the edificator power of the shrub synusiums sharply decreases. Moss and herb synusium have "to seek" the habitats similar to those under the shrub canopy. The competition between the synusium arises resulting in arrangement of a certain spatial assemblage of vegetation cover elements. In such assemblage the position of each element is determined by both biotic (interrelation with other coenotic elements) and abiotic (presence of appropriate habitats) factors. Taking into account the biogeocoenotic character of the process of continualization on catena we name such spatial assemblage an exolutionary-biogeocoenotic series. The space within each evolutionary-biogeocoenotic series is divided by ecological barriers into some functional zones. In each of the such zones the struggle between synusiums has its individual expression and direction. In the start zone of catena (extensive pediment) the interrelations of synusiums and layers control the mutual spatial arrangement of these elements at the largest extent. Here, as a rule, there predominate edificator synusiums of low and dwarfshrubs. In the first order limit zone (the bend of pediment to the above part of the slope) one-species herb and moss synusiums, oftenly substituting each other in similar habitats, get prevalence. In the zone of active colonization of slope (denudation slope) the coenotic factor has the least role in the spatial distribution of the vegetation cover elements. In particular, phytocoenotic interactions take place only within separate microcoenoses of herbs, mosses and lichens. In the zone of the attenuation of continualization process (the upper most parts of slope, crests) phytocoenotic interactions are almost absent and the spatial distribution of vegetation cover elements depends exclusively on the abiotic factors. The principal scheme of the distribution of vegetation cover elements and the disposition of functional zones on catena are shown on block-diagram (fig. 1).

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