scholarly journals Research on Green Productivity of Chinese Real Estate Companies—Based on SBM-DEA and TOBIT Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Hong Fang
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Green Productivity

Apart from promoting social-economic development and increasing social employment, the real estate industry in China has also brought up problems such as high energy consumption and high emissions. Scholars now focus more on energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of real estate companies in their current research. The data used by this paper are three-year panel data from 2015 to 2018, with observations from 15 representative real estate companies. CO2 and green credit index are introduced as the undesirable output and the green output of real estate companies respectively. First, with the DEA model and the Malmquist index model, this paper evaluates the green productivity of real estate companies statically and dynamically. The Tobit model is then employed by the author to analyze factors that may affect green productivity. Our results indicate that (1) the green productivities of 15 Chinese real estate companies have improved by various degrees. The average green productivity rises from 0.701 in 2015 to 0.849 in 2018, indicating that the energy utilization rate of enterprises has gradually increased. From the calculation and decomposition of the Malmquist total factor productivity index, we know that technological progress is vital in improving the green productivity of real estate companies. (2) As for the influencing factors, the green productivity is positively related to factors such as policy compliance indicator P, environmental responsibility commitment indicator R, indicator of green innovation capability I, and indicator of green development information disclosure M. The asset-liability ratio on the contrary has a negative impact on green productivity. It’s worth to point out that the green innovation index and green productivity is significantly correlated and the correlation coefficient can be up to 0.636, which implies that the key to improving green productivity is to increase research and development investment.

Design of Projection Light Source for Solid Volumetric True-3D Display

2013 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Guang Lei Yang ◽  
Chang Long Jing ◽  
Hui Hui Yao ◽  
Qi Bin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
High Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
3D Display ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Measurement Results

The solid volumetric true−3D display requires light source with high brightness, high energy utilization rate and high frequency color field. So high−power red, green and blue LEDs with collimators were used as the projection light source. Firstly, the required quantity of LEDs was determined according to the required output luminance, the efficiency of the projector and the red, green and blue LEDs' parameters. Secondly, with the consideration of the LEDs' dimensions, light−emitting mode and output luminous flux, collimator was designed and simulation model was established. Simulation and practical measurement results both show that light source based on high−power LED meet the requirements of the solid volumetric true−3D display.

scholarly journals The Impact of Innovation Activities, Foreign Direct Investment on Improved Green Productivity: Evidence From Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa Xu ◽  
Zejun Li
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Green Productivity ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Impact

This paper from the perspective of productivity changes examines the impact of innovation activities and foreign direct investment (FDI) on improved green productivity (IGP) in developing countries. We divide the sample into two sub-groups; the BRICS and the other developing countries so as to account for underlying country heterogeneity. The analysis follows a panel data approach over the period 1991 to 2014, and used the global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index to measure IGP. The results indicate that IGP in developing countries has declined. Innovation activities have a positive impact on IGP. FDI has a significant negative impact on IGP. Further study finds that there are threshold effects between FDI and IGP based on innovation activities, when the developing countries with a low-level of innovation, FDI has a negative impact on IGP; when the developing countries innovation activities above the threshold, innovation activities and FDI both can promote IGP.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Random Microlens Array for Laser Beam Homogenization with High Efficiency

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xue ◽  
Yingfei Pang ◽  
Wenjing Liu ◽  
Liwei Liu ◽  
Hui Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Light Spot ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
High Coherence

The miniaturized and integrated microlens array (MLA) can effectively achieve the beam homogenization, compactness and miniaturization of laser systems. When the high-coherence laser beam is homogenized by means of using the MLA, interference fringes will occur in the homogenized light spot due to the periodicity of the MLA, which seriously affects the uniformity of the homogenized light spot. To solve this problem, a novel random microlens array (rMLA) structure was proposed for the purpose of achieving beam homogenization. The coherence in the homogenization process is suppressed by means of breaking the periodicity of the MLA. The homogenized light spot with a high energy utilization is then obtained accordingly. In the fabrication process, a clever method of combining chemical etching with lithography technology is performed to fabricate a honeycomb rMLA and a rectangular rMLA. The experimental results show that the energy utilization rate of the two types of the rMLAs is about 90%, and the uniformity of the homogenized light spots generated by the honeycomb rMLA and the rectangular rMLA are more than 80% and 85%, respectively. Meanwhile, fully cost-effective fabrication is possible to be realized.

scholarly journals Technical economic model of energy utilization and energy saving for central heating system

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4 Part B) ◽  
pp. 3113-3121
Author(s):  
Guojing Geng ◽  
Xianzhe Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Heating System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Heating Method ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Exergy Balance

Chinese heating method has gradually shifted from small fragments to centralized regional heating. This heating method has achieved obvious energy-saving benefits. The article establishes an economic model of the energy utilization rate of the central heating system and installs the system exergy balance equation at the same time. The simulation found that the energy utilization coefficient of the heating system is high and has a high energy-saving potential. The effect of energy utilization is poor, and it has great potential for energy saving.

scholarly journals Green synthesis: Proposed mechanism and factors influencing the synthesis of platinum nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood S. Jameel ◽  
Azlan Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohammed Ali Dheyab
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle

AbstractPlatinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have attracted interest in catalysis and biomedical applications due to their unique structural, optical, and catalytic properties. However, the conventional synthesis of Pt NPs using the chemical and physical methods is constrained by the use of harmful and costly chemicals, intricate preparation requirement, and high energy utilization. Hence, this review emphasizes on the green synthesis of Pt NPs using plant extracts as an alternative approach due to its simplicity, convenience, inexpensiveness, easy scalability, low energy requirement, environmental friendliness, and minimum usage of hazardous materials and maximized efficiency of the synthesis process. The underlying complex processes that cover the green synthesis (biosynthesis) of Pt NPs were reviewed. This review affirms the effects of different critical parameters (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass dosage) on the size and shape of the synthesized Pt NPs. For instance, the average particle size of Pt NPs was reported to decrease with increasing pH, reaction temperature, and concentration of plant extract.

scholarly journals Integrated Double-Sided Random Microlens Array Used for Laser Beam Homogenization

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Cheng Xu ◽  
Li Xue ◽  
Hui Pang ◽  
Axiu Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Periodic Lattice ◽  
Lattice Distribution ◽  
Speckle Field ◽  
High Laser ◽  
Alignment Problem ◽  
In Series

Double microlens arrays (MLAs) in series can be used to divide and superpose laser beam so as to achieve a homogenized spot. However, for laser beam homogenization with high coherence, the periodic lattice distribution in the homogenized spot will be generated due to the periodicity of the traditional MLA, which greatly reduces the uniformity of the homogenized spot. To solve this problem, a monolithic and highly integrated double-sided random microlens array (D-rMLA) is proposed for the purpose of achieving laser beam homogenization. The periodicity of the MLA is disturbed by the closely arranged microlens structures with random apertures. And the random speckle field is achieved to improve the uniformity of the homogenized spot by the superposition of the divided sub-beams. In addition, the double-sided exposure technique is proposed to prepare the rMLA on both sides of the same substrate with high precision alignment to form an integrated D-rMLA structure, which avoids the strict alignment problem in the installation process of traditional discrete MLAs. Then the laser beam homogenization experiments have been carried out by using the prepared D-rMLA structure. The laser beam homogenized spots of different wavelengths have been tested, including the wavelengths of 650 nm (R), 532 nm (G), and 405 nm (B). The experimental results show that the uniformity of the RGB homogenized spots is about 91%, 89%, and 90%. And the energy utilization rate is about 89%, 87%, 86%, respectively. Hence, the prepared structure has high laser beam homogenization ability and energy utilization rate, which is suitable for wide wavelength regime.

scholarly journals Calculation and Analysis of the Interval Power Flow for Distributed Energy System Based on Affine Algorithm

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Bin Ouyang ◽  
Lu Qu ◽  
Qiyang Liu ◽  
Baoye Tian ◽  
Zhichang Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Distributed Energy System

Due to the coupling of different energy systems, optimization of different energy complementarities, and the realization of the highest overall energy utilization rate and environmental friendliness of the energy system, distributed energy system has become an important way to build a clean and low-carbon energy system. However, the complex topological structure of the system and too many coupling devices bring more uncertain factors to the system which the calculation of the interval power flow of distributed energy system becomes the key problem to be solved urgently. Affine power flow calculation is considered as an important solution to solve uncertain steady power flow problems. In this paper, the distributed energy system coupled with cold, heat, and electricity is taken as the research object, the influence of different uncertain factors such as photovoltaic and wind power output is comprehensively considered, and affine algorithm is adopted to calculate the system power flow of the distributed energy system under high and low load conditions. The results show that the system has larger operating space, more stable bus voltage and more flexible pipeline flow under low load condition than under high load condition. The calculation results of the interval power flow of distributed energy systems can provide theoretical basis and data support for the stability analysis and optimal operation of distributed energy systems.

scholarly journals Characterizing the Difference between Indirect and Direct CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Korean Manufacturing Industries, 2004–2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinwoo Lee ◽  
Dong-Woon Noh ◽  
Dong-hyun Oh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
End User ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Green Productivity ◽  
The Difference

This study measures and decomposes green productivity growth of Korean manufacturing industries between 2004 and 2010 using the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index. We focus on differences in the measures of productivity growth by distinguishing carbon emissions from either end-user industries or the electricity generation industry. Empirical results suggest three main findings. First, the efficiency of total emissions is higher than that of direct emissions except for the shipbuilding industry. Second, green productivity in the manufacturing sector increased during the study period. Finally, green productivity depends on the indirect emissions of each industry. These results indicate that policymakers need to deliberately develop policy tools for mitigating carbon emissions of the manufacturing industrial sectors based on our empirical findings.

scholarly journals Research on Green Innovation of the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group Based on Network

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1198
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Wenzhong Ye ◽  
Lingming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Network Scale ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
City Group

This article aims to promote the high-quality development of the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group and improve the green innovation efficiency of urban agglomeration. This article takes green innovation in networked urban agglomerations as its research subject. Furthermore, it analyzes the impact of network structure characteristics such as network scale and network structure hole on green innovation in urban agglomerations. Moreover, this study uses the unexpected output SBM model to measure green innovation efficiency of the eight prefecture-level cities in the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group from 2012 to 2018 and analyzes its influencing factors using the panel Tobit model. The results show that the overall green innovation efficiency of the Great Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group is stable. The distribution of urban green innovation efficiency in the region is characterized by urban gradient and mid-stream drive. In the process of networked innovation, economic development, which has a positive impact on green innovation, promotes the overall effectiveness of the network structure. The low efficiency of urban educational resources, which has a negative impact on green innovation, leads to the redundancy of a network scale. The unapparent advantage of industrial structures, which have a negative impact on the development of green innovation, leads to the insufficient depth and breadth of network openness. Lastly, government support and the level of infrastructure have no impact on green innovation.

scholarly journals Probing Low Productive area in Steel Re-Rolling Mills

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2280-2286
Keyword(s):  
Performance Index ◽  
Rolling Mill ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Rolling Mills ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
Productive Area ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Steel Re-Rolling mill is the second most important steel forming industry in India. The manufacturing process of steel re-rolling from ingots to finished products has high energy consumption and it directly affects productivity and manufacturing cost. Measuring the productivity of the process can unleash the low productive process, which leads towards rectification for increasing the productivity of lean area. The productivity of Steel Re-Rolling mill is measured by Performance Objective – Productivity model. Key performance areas were identified by intensive survey and process of prioritization was carried out. The actual values of the Key performance Areas of the system were compared with the objectivated values of the system. The outcomes lead to Productivity Index of the system, sub-system and key performance areas of the process revealing the areas with low-performance index which have the highest impact on productivity of the process. The energy subsystem is having the lowest performance index and is the main source of loss and recommendations are made to increase the productivity of energy sub-system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document