scholarly journals The Influence of Sedimentation Ponds of the Former Soda “Solvay” Plant in Krakow on the Chemistry of the Wilga River

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Justyna Likus-Cieślik ◽  
Marcin Pietrzykowski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
River Ecosystem ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Quality Of Water

This paper explores how the chemistry of the Wilga River is affected by the sedimentation ponds at the former Soda “Solvay” Plant in Krakow. Despite the revitalization of the sedimentation ponds about 30 years ago, the chemistry of the samples was characterized by high EC (from 845 to 3000 µS cm−1), high concentration of Cl− (up to 800 mg L−1), Ca (up to 270 mg L−1), and SO42− (up to 115 mg L−1), and a high value for Na (up to 270 mg L−1) was noted—surface water quality standards were exceeded. The effect of high mineralization by those elements, generated in wastewater during soda waste production, were noted to have seasonal and vertical variability. We concluded that, despite the industrial shutdown and revitalization processes, the drainage of industrial water can have serious and long-term negative effects on quality of water and the Wilga River ecosystem. The Wilga River is one of the most important examples of important environmental problems in urban areas.

scholarly journals Review of Overlandflow Quality in Densely Settled Sub-Urban Areas

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sudarmadji
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Dispersion Agent ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The study aims to analyse quality of water from overlandflow in the sub-urban area having high of to houses, in the Sinduharjo, Sleman regency. In the sub urban area, the run off originated from paved and impermeable are which is not uniformaly distributed over the area. Run off is iniated from detention storage and overlandflow. Therefore any water pollution of the runoof begin from overlandflow which dissolves constituent within the soil and rock materials. Land cover also determines the dispersion agent of rain water thus the affect the material dissolved in the water. As an input into the catchment system, rainfall affects overlandflow, quantitative, and qualitatively. Overlandflow from open space in the sub-urban area was evaluated based on physical and chemical characteristics. Overlandflow from urban area has chemical parameters such as C, NO2, NO3, and PO4 are higher than those in overlandflow from rural area which is covered by forest and garden. Overlandflow shows BOD and COD in relatively high concentration. Overlandflow is not recomended to be discharge into infiltration wells, unless it is free from parts having high significant contamination.

scholarly journals Water Woes in Zimbabwe’s Urban Areas in the Middist Of Plenty: 2000 -Present

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enock C. Makwara
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Service Failure ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Recent Outbreak

Zimbabwe’s urban areas are choking under the weight of over-crowdedness amidstdilapidated infrastructure that is characterised by constant service failure. The water andsewer systems of the country’s major urban centres are on the verge of collapse, thusputting millions of people in danger of consuming contaminated water, including thatfrom underground sources. Waste management and water supply problems manifestthemselves as challenges bedevilling many an urban area in the country. The quality andquantity of water supplied in Zimbabwe’s urban centres has plummeted in recent yearsand has assumed crisis proportions owing to the difficult economic situation and otherchallenges faced by the country. The situation is desperate and dire, as is evidenced by thepoor quality of delivered water, severe water rationing and the outbreak of water-bornediseases in the urban areas dotted across the country. The situation demands and dictatesthat solutions be proffered as a matter of urgency.The recent outbreak of epidemics hasbeen blamed on lack of access to safe water and poor sanitation, two crucial factors incontrolling the spread of diseases. An overly bureaucratic environment, where decisionsand processes take longer, makes life complicated for poor urban residents. Such ascenario motivated the researchers to examine the problem with a view to suggest waysand means of intervening to mitigate and resolve the problem. It emerged from thefindings that the problem is multifaceted in nature, hence a whole range of measures needto be adopted if a long-term solution is to be provided.

scholarly journals SOIL MANAGEMENT IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT: TODAY AND FUTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Bogdan Stanescu ◽  
Adriana Cuciureanu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Residential Areas

The present article presents the expertise realized by the Department of Environmental Monitoring Pollution Evaluation within the INCD ECOIND, in the evaluation of the quality of urban soils in the municipality of Bucharest and the main big cities in Romania. The current data available at the level of the 27 member states of the European Union show that annually over 100,000 hectares of land are introduced into the urban environment, a direct consequence of the development of cities. There are a number of legislative obstacles to strategic soil protection measures. Moreover, at the level of the local authorities there is a conflict regarding the measures of soil protection in the long term, on the one hand, and, the accelerated economic development in the short term, on the other. European environmental experts consider that the urban development, absolutely necessary for the economic growth, requires an adequate management of the natural resources in order for the development to be done on a sustainable basis, respectively to follow a series of strategic objectives. In our country, at least in the last decade, we find on a large scale the conversion of industrial areas into commercial or residential areas. The footprint of industrial activities can be found even after long periods of time present by identifying the remnant of soil pollution or in those areas known as historically polluted (for example the town of Copsa Mica). The conclusions stemming from the assessment of pollution in urban areas over large areas, in correlation with the potential sources of pollution, underline the need to monitor the quality of soils in the urban environment, but also to apply a performance management in order to protect this natural resource in the long term.

scholarly journals Influence of Aggressivity of Water on the Long Term Sustainability of Hydro Power Structures – A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Beena Anand
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Binding Medium ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Concrete Deterioration ◽  
Chemical Attack ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Useful Life

To fulfil country’s irrigation and power requirements various large capacity dams have been constructed on major rivers in last 50 years. The long term sustainability of these structures is largely dependent on hydro-environment and the capacity of these structures to resist weathering action, chemical attack, abrasion, or any other process of deterioration. The concrete deterioration is directly influenced by various geographical, climatic and ecological conditions. The chemical reactions between cement and water enable the setting and hardening of cement, resulting in a binding medium for the aggregates and development of strength. Quality of water plays an important role in the production of concrete. There are some chemical environments under which the useful life of even the best concrete will be affected adversely. The aggressiveness of water is dependent on the pH value, the total dissolved salts, the degree of hardness, soluble chlorides, sulphates, carbonation, temperature and alkalinity etc. Understanding these conditions permit measures to be taken to prevent or reduce deterioration.

scholarly journals Opportunities and challenges of using socially intelligent agents: increasing interaction and school participation for children suffering from a long-term illness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Mårell-Olsson ◽  
Thomas Mejtoft ◽  
Sofia Tovedal ◽  
Ulrik Söderström
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Societal Benefits ◽  
School Participation

PurposeChildren suffering from cancer or cardiovascular disease, who need extended periods of treatment in hospitals, are subjected to multiple hardships apart from the physical implications, for example, experienced isolation and disrupted social and academic development. This has negative effects long after the child's recovery from the illness. The purpose of this paper is to examine the non-medical needs of children suffering from a long-term illness, as well as research the field of artificial intelligence (AI) – more specifically, the use of socially intelligent agents (SIAs) – in order to study how technology can enhance children's interaction, participation and quality of life.Design/methodology/approachInterviews were performed with experts in three fields: housing manager for hospitalized children, a professor in computing science and researcher in AI, and an engineer and developer at a tech company.FindingsIt is important for children to be able to take control of the narrative by using an SIA to support the documentation of their period of illness, for example. This could serve as a way of processing emotions, documenting educational development or keeping a reference for later in life. The findings also show that the societal benefits of AI include automating mundane tasks and recognizing patterns.Originality/valueThe originality of this study concerns the holistic approach of increasing the knowledge and understanding of these children's specific needs and challenges, particularly regarding their participation and interaction with teachers and friends at school, using an SIA.

scholarly journals Necrotizing fasciitis caused by the treatment of chronic non-specific back pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilit Floether ◽  
Michael Bucher ◽  
Ralf Benndorf ◽  
Anna-Maria Burgdorff
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Intrathecal Injection ◽  
Local Anaesthetics ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Long Term Therapy

Abstract Background Chronic back pain is a multifactorial disease that occurs particularly in adults and has many negative effects on the quality of daily life. Therapeutic strategies are often multimodal and designed for a long-term therapy period. In some cases, one option is joint infiltration or intrathecal injection with local anaesthetics. An adverse effect of this intervention may be necrotic fasciitis, a disease with high mortality and few therapeutic options. Case presentation This case shows a 53-year-old female patient who developed necrotic fasciitis after infiltrations of the sacroiliac joint and after epidural-sacral and intrathecal injections. Conclusion Thanks to early and aggressive surgical intervention, antibiotic treatment and hyperbaric oxygenation, she survived this serious complication and was able to return to life.

A Survey of the Characteristics and Administrator Perceptions of Family Councils in a Western Canadian Province

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482096125
Author(s):  
Jennifer Baumbusch ◽  
Isabel Sloan Yip ◽  
Sharon Koehn ◽  
R. Colin Reid ◽  
Preet Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Administrator Perceptions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Privately Owned

Family Councils are independent, self-determining groups composed of family members (inclusive of friends) who have assembled with the main purpose of protecting and improving the quality of life of those living in long-term care (LTC) homes. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of Family Councils in British Columbia, Canada. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with administrators of 259 homes and received 222 usable surveys. Of the 151 LTC homes that had Family Councils, it was most common for the homes to be larger (>50 residents), accredited, privately owned, and located in urban areas. Perceived barriers to Family Councils included lack of interest, tendency to focus on individual complaints, and the transitory nature of families. Perceived benefits of Family Councils included enhanced communication between staff and families, peer support, and collective advocacy. Recommendations focus on enhancing accessibility, information sharing, and meaningfulness of Family Councils to improve family engagement.

Assessment of the quality of water resources in coastal urban lands of two small catchment rivers, Southwest India

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krishnakumar ◽  
Revathy Das ◽  
Saranya Puthalath
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Evaluation ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Southwest India

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the ground water quality and salinity issues in the fast developing coastal urban lands of two river basins of Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, South India. Design/methodology/approach In order to address the water quality of the basins, field sampling was conducted and the samples were analysed in the laboratory. A comparison with water quality standards was also made and the interpretations of the results were done using GIS and statistical tools. Findings The values of conductivity, chlorides and salinity show that the coastal areas of Neyyar and Karamana basins are severely affected by salinity intrusion in addition to the pollution problems. More than 90 per cent of the samples are with hardness lower than 100 mg/l. About 70 per cent of the study area is with calcium concentrations lower than 25 mg/l. The content of sulphate and magnesium in Poovar and Poonthura coastal stretches is found to be higher compared to other regions. Originality/value Since not much work has been published from the study area on these aspects, the hydrochemical characterization is a very important in deciphering the quality of ground water for its proper management. The water quality evaluation and salinity intrusion studies are very important for the future planning and development of this area.

scholarly journals Water Supply Scheme System Design for Peri Urban Areas of Punjab using EPANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Touseef Ahmad Babar ◽  
Shahbaz Nasir Khan ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Safder Khan ◽  
Abdul Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Input Parameters

AbstractWater is indispensable for human life and without water, life cannot exist on earth. Every person required 33 to 35-gallon water per day for drinking and demotic purpose. But due to lack of quality, inefficient water supply designs, intermixing of sewage water and unlined sewage water system, quality of water is deteriorated specially in recent decades and affecting a number of people. In present study, it was inevitable to design a water supply system for selected area to provide safe water supply design for a small community. For this purpose, a study area was selected named as chak.no. 253 RB, Samundri Road Faisalabad. The existing water supply system of the village was built 30 years ago with the problems of leaky pipes, mixing of sewerage water with drinking water was causing water-borne diseases like Diarrhea, Cholera, Giardiasis, Typhoid fever, Schistosomiasis. A computer software abbreviated as EPANET (Environment protection agency network) was used to design a water supply system of the area providing input parameters to the software. For this a profiling survey was conducted to determine the length of pipes and the elevation of each junction. The other input parameters such as the diameter of pipes, pipe network map, head losses were provided. Conclusively, EPANET gave a detailed water supply system plan for specific design period. By adopting this design provided by detailed surveys of the area and EPANET will help to control intermixing of sewage water which ultimately improves the quality of water. The new design is based on technology by using modern techniques (Software). It will provide save and continue supply of water to community. It will also reduce the cost of water billing, leakage, decrease the diseases rate and improve the life standard of people’s lives in that area.

scholarly journals Nab-paclitaxel in Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
E. I. Kovalenko ◽  
E. V. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Significant Stage

Despite the development of new systems for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (mBC), chemotherapy remains an integral and significant stage of treatment for any molecular tumor subtype. In accordance with modern concepts, the optimal strategy of therapy in the vast majority of cases of mBC is the sequential administration of cytostatics in mono modes. This approach allows long-term control of tumor growth, translating pathology into a chronic discharge and maintaining a high quality of life. The emergence of new drugs or innovative dosage forms of existing cytostatics expands the possibilities of treatment of this chronic disease and allows long-term control over the disease. One of such new options was nab-paclitaxel, nano-dispersed paclitaxel stabilized with albumin. This dosage form provides active transport of the drug through the vascular endothelium with the creation of its high concentration in the tumor tissue. Clinical studies comparing nab-paclitaxel with traditional taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) demonstrated high efficacy and safety of the drug both in a wide population of patients and in individual subgroups, including patients previously treated with anthracycline taxane, cases with aggressive disease, lesions of visceral organs, elderly patients and others. In addition, due to its unique formula, the drug does not cause hypersensitivity reactions, differing from traditional These taxanes are easy to use and safe. The lack of need for premedication with dexamethasone allows it to be prescribed for such comorbidities as severe hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer, etc., and also successfully combine it with inhibitors of control points of the immune response, which confidently removes the drug on arena of immuno-oncology.

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