scholarly journals The Role of Flexibility in the Realization of Inclusive Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4452
Author(s):  
Laura Lübke ◽  
Martin Pinquart ◽  
Malte Schwinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Teachers Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Mainstream Students

This study focused on associations between teachers’ flexibility and their use of evidence-based strategies in inclusive education in a sample of N = 119 teachers. Flexibility showed direct effects on teachers’ attitudes towards the achievement of mainstream students and students with learning difficulties, attitudes towards social benefits of inclusion for students with emotional and behavioral disturbances, and on teachers’ self-efficacy regarding the support of students’ social skills. Furthermore, indirect effects of flexibility on intentions and behavior regarding the support of social skills were found. The findings emphasize the importance of teachers’ flexibility in the realization of inclusive education.

Strategy Instruction in Planning: Effects on the Writing Performance and Behavior of Students with Learning Difficulties

1997 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan De La Paz ◽  
Steve Graham
Keyword(s):  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Strategy Instruction ◽  
Writing Performance ◽  
Composing Process ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Over Time

Students with learning difficulties typically approach writing by retrieving from memory whatever seems appropriate and writing it down. This retrieve-and-write process minimizes the role of reflection and planning in the composing process. In the current study, we taught three students with learning difficulties a strategy designed to help them become more reflective when writing opinion essays. Following instruction in the strategy, students wrote essays that were longer, provided more support for their premise, and were qualitatively better. Two of the students also changed their approach to writing, developing an initial plan prior to writing that they continued to elaborate and refine as they wrote. Changes in both writing performance and behavior were maintained over time.

scholarly journals International Negotiations and Domestic Politics: The Case of IMF Labor Market Conditionality

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri L. Caraway ◽  
Stephanie J. Rickard ◽  
Mark S. Anner
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
International Negotiations ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Imf

AbstractWhat is the role of international organizations (IOs) in the formulation of domestic policy, and how much influence do citizens have in countries' negotiations with IOs? We examine these questions through a study of labor-related conditionality in International Monetary Fund (IMF) loans. Using new data from IMF loan documents for programs from 1980 to 2000, we test to see if citizens' economic interests influence IMF conditionality. We examine the substance of loan conditions and identify those that require liberalization in the country's domestic labor market or that have direct effects on employment, wages, and social benefits. We find evidence that democratic countries with stronger domestic labor receive less intrusive labor-related conditions in their IMF loan programs. We argue that governments concerned about workers' opposition to labor-related loan conditions negotiate with the IMF to minimize labor conditionality. We find that the IMF is responsive to domestic politics and citizens' interests.

scholarly journals Pre-Service Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Including Students with Moderate Learning Difficulties in Mainstream Schools in the Context of Kuwait

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Alenezi Nouf ◽  
Alqallaf Bader ◽  
Zainab Abbas
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
College Of Basic Education ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Teachers Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Towards Inclusion

Inclusive education has become a global trend in the provision of services for students with disabilities. While attitudes towards inclusion have been studied widely in some countries, little research in this area has been conducted in Kuwait. This study responds to this need by researching pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education. This study examined Kuwaiti pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards including students with Moderate Learning Difficulties (MLD) in general education classrooms. Questionnaires were distributed to 452 Kuwaiti pre-service male and female teachers at the College of Basic Education. Several factors, such as teachers’ knowledge, were found to be related to pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion. The results of the study indicated that, overall, Kuwaiti pre-service teachers hold positive attitudes towards inclusion.

The role of genetics in stress effects on health and addiction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony W Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Motivated Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stress And Health

Advances in stress research have yielded insights into how stress exposure, in combination with genetics, can contribute to poor health outcomes. We review these topics with a special emphasis on early life stress and vulnerability to addiction. The direct effects of stress and our compensatory responses can modify our physiology and behavior during future stress episodes. These consequences can influence health, including an increased propensity for addiction. The relation between stress and health is not uniform across individuals. Some people succumb to stress-related disorders while others are resilient. Specific genetic variations can affect how an individual appraises and responds to stress, potentially mediating the impact of stress on health. These genetic vulnerabilities can influence responses to the external environment, shape motivated behavior, and have an impact on health throughout life.

scholarly journals Stavovi nastavnika o inkluzivnom odgoju i obrazovanju

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Matilda Karamatić-Brčić ◽  
Tea Viljac
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Inclusion Process ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

The concept of inclusive education puts all educational institutions in front of new tasks in which the role of teachers and other important educator’s changes in line with the demands of education policies. Attitudes determine people's behavior and they are formed on the basis of different factors. In the context of inclusive education, the positive attitudes of teachers and other educators towards implementation and providing inclusive education is a key prerequisite for a successful inclusion process at the level of school practice. The aim of this paper is to present teachers' attitudes towards the inclusion process in elementary schools. The results of this research have highlighted the importance and role of teachers at the level of teaching in the inclusion process. The results also represent some other important areas in which teachers can contribute to raise the quality of the inclusion process in all its dimensions. Within the educational system and the pedagogical sense of meaning, reducing the differences in everyday practice means accepting differences among students as an incent in the process of teaching and learning, and not as an obstacle.

scholarly journals ICTs in inclusive education for learning disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e43410918230
Author(s):  
Panagiota Anagnostopoulou ◽  
Georgia Lorentzou ◽  
Athanasios Drigas
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Digital Gap

The current paper gives a brief description of the role of ICTs in the inclusion of children with autism, ADHD, and dyslexia. Therefore, many researchers note that ICTs play a key role in inclusive education and help to bridge the digital gap. Thus, the research team of this paper presents specific examples of ICTs that aid children with learning difficulties. ICTs promote the equal participation of all students in the educational system and consequently prepare them for everyday life outside of the school. The use of ICTs and assistive technology in the educational processes will have positive effects in the inclusion of children with learning difficulties and help them solidify the newly acquired knowledge as well as develop their consciousness.

scholarly journals Teachers’ perception about genes and behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-431
Author(s):  
Mayra ANTONELLI-PONTI ◽  
Fabiana Maris VERSUTI ◽  
José Aparecido DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Teacher Perceptions ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Teachers Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Knowing about teacher perceptions contributes to the understanding of teachers’ attitudes toward the behavior of their students. We evaluated the perceptions of 501 teachers about the genetic and environmental influences on behaviors considered relevant to the educational environment using an original questionnaire from the United Kingdom, adapted to the Portuguese language of Brazil. We found that the teachers attributed genetic and environmental influences evenly regarding personality and learning difficulties; greater genetic influence on intelligence and mental illness; and greater environmental influence on behavioral problems. Most teachers stated that having a student with genetically influenced learning difficulties would affect their method of instructing them.

scholarly journals Student prosocial behavior and academic achievement

2004 ◽  
pp. 131-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Spasenovic
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Teacher Expectations ◽  
School Context ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Prosocial Skills ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
And Behavior

The paper considers correlation between student prosocial behavior and academic achievement. Attention first focuses on the issue of prosocial behavior defining, making it operational and measuring it. Next consideration is given to the ways that prosocial behavior contributes to academic achievement. It is thought that prosocial behavior can produce indirect effects on student prosocial behavior because it is bound to certain academically relevant forms of behavior leading to successful learning and work. Also, correlation is interpreted by means of teacher?s preferences of prosocial students, which is reflected in teacher expectations and behavior towards students but in evaluating their work too. In addition, prosocial behavior may produce direct effects, for it is through peer prosocial interactions that positive intellectual exchange is performed, which contributes to more successful mastering of teaching content. The paper provides a survey of investigations whose results indicate that there exists correlation between student prosocial behavior and academic achievement. Also, consideration is given to possible methods and treatments for encouraging prosocial behavior in school context, especially the role of teacher in the process and the importance of the program for promoting student prosocial skills.

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