scholarly journals Forest and Society’s Welfare: Impact Assessment in Lithuania

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5598
Author(s):  
Stasys Mizaras ◽  
Diana Lukmine
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Welfare Impact ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
Five Dimensional Model ◽  
Welfare Index ◽  
The Impact

Effective formation and implementation of forest policy can only be achieved with orientation to the most important goal—increasing society’s welfare. The global problem is, at present, that the impact of forests on society welfare indexes have not been identified. The aim of the study is to design an assessment model and assess the impact of Lithuanian forests on the society welfare index. The impact of forests was determined by multiplying the country’s welfare of society index by the forest contribution coefficient. In this study, to assess the index of the welfare of Lithuanian society, a five-dimensional model with 16 indicators was applied. The study is based on the Eurostat database and on Lithuanian forestry statistics. The Lithuanian welfare of society index calculated according to the model was 51.4% and the contribution of forests in this index was 3.9%. It represented 7.6% of the index of the welfare of society. Forests have the greatest impact in the environmental dimension, according to the assessment results.

scholarly journals Health and Economic Impact Assessment of Transport and Industry PM2.5 Control Policy in Guangdong Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13049
Author(s):  
Songyan Ren ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Hancheng Dai ◽  
Daiqing Zhao ◽  
Toshihiko Masui
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Integrated Assessment Model ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
The Impact

PM2.5 pollution-related diseases lead to additional medical expenses and the loss of working hours, thus affecting the macro-economy. To evaluate the health-related economic impacts of PM2.5, the Integrated Assessment Model of Climate, Economic, and Environment (ICEEH), combined with the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, the Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies (GAINS) model, and a health impact assessment module was constructed. The impact of different air pollution control strategies was analyzed in Guangdong Province by establishing a Without Control (WOC) scenario, an Air Control (AIC) scenario, and a Blue Sky (BLK) scenario. The results show that in the WOC scenario for 2035, the death rate for Guangdong Province is 71,690 persons/year and the loss of working hours is 0.67 h/person/year. In the AIC and BLK scenarios compared with WOC for 2035, the loss of working hours is reduced by 29.8% and 34.3%, and premature deaths are reduced by 33.0% and 37.5%, respectively; GDP would increase by 0.05% and 0.11%, respectively, through strict pollution control policies. Furthermore, improved labor force quality induced by better air conditions would promote the added value in labor-intensive industries, such as agriculture (0.233%), other manufacturing (0.172%), textiles (0.181%), food (0.176%), railways transport (0.137%), and services (0.129%). The added value in the waste (−0.073%), nature gas (−0.076%), and crude oil sectors (−0.072%) would decrease because of the increased investment installment in PM2.5 treatment equipment.

Assessing the impacts of ICT deployment in teaching and learning in higher education

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafisat Afolake Adedokun-Shittu ◽  
Abdul Jaleel Kehinde Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Quantitative Result ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lecture Room ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Part ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Deployment of ICT facilities for teaching and learning in higher education is no longer a new trend, however, assessing the impacts of these deployment on lecturers and students requires more effort. The purpose of this paper is to employ a mixed method design consisting qualitative and quantitative procedures to examine the impact of ICT deployment in teaching and learning at a University in Nigeria. The survey data were drawn from 593 respondents (students and lecturers) and was analyzed using linear regression. For the qualitative part, one-on-one and focus group interviews were conducted among seven students and eight lecturers to seek their varying opinion on ICT impact on teaching and learning. Lecture-room observations were conducted across three classes to see how ICT is integrated. These multiple means findings were triangulated, compared and contrasted to validate the study. Predictors of ICT impact were found to be perception, integration, motivation and challenges. The qualitative interview and observation findings generated four similar themes as the quantitative result which was conceptualized as a model that serves as a framework for researchers on ICT impact assessment. Design/methodology/approach – This study employed a mixed method design consisting qualitative and quantitative procedures to examine the impact of ICT deployment in teaching and learning at a University in Nigeria. The survey data were drawn from 593 respondents (students and lecturers) and was analyzed using linear regression. For the qualitative part, one-on-one and focus group interviews were conducted among seven students and eight lecturers to seek their varying opinion on ICT impact on teaching and learning. Lecture-room observations were conducted across three classes to see how ICT is integrated. These multiple means findings were triangulated, compared and contrasted to validate the study. Findings – Predictors of ICT impact were found to be perception, integration, motivation and challenges. The qualitative interview and observation findings generated four similar themes as the quantitative result which was conceptualized as a model that serves as a framework for researchers on ICT impact assessment. Practical implications – The use of multiple research designs to get rich and diverse view of participants incorporated in this study help to generate solid findings on the impact assessment of technology in education. The conceptual model (Adedokun-Shittu 2011 ICT impact assessment model) generated through a mixed method research design has four components which are substitutable to CIPP and Kirkpatrick models. It also fills a crucial gap left by both models. Originality/value – This study produces a model that is conceived as a conceptual framework for researchers on impact assessment and is made up of the generated themes and named ICT Impact Assessment Model comprising Positive effect, Integration, Incentives and Challenges. This model is represented in a cyclic form because the assessment process can start from any stage and the assessment could be done individually or holistically. This makes it useful for both formative and summative assessment of ICT integration in teaching and learning (Adedokun-Shittu et al.S, 2012). The mixed method approach (survey, interviews and observations) used in the study that generated this model also supports its usefulness in any kind of evaluation (formative or summative).

scholarly journals Population Dynamics and Air Pollution: The Impact of Demographics on Health Impact Assessment of Air Pollution

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esben Meulengracht Flachs ◽  
Jan Sørensen ◽  
Jakob Bønløkke ◽  
Henrik Brønnum-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Health Impact Assessments ◽  
Mortality Causes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Municipal Level

Objective. To explore how three different assumptions on demographics affect the health impact of Danish emitted air pollution in Denmark from 2005 to 2030, with health impact modeled from 2005 to 2050.Methods. Modeled air pollution from Danish sources was used as exposure in a newly developed health impact assessment model, which models four major diseases and mortality causes in addition to all-cause mortality. The modeling was at the municipal level, which divides the approximately 5.5 M residents in Denmark into 99 municipalities. Three sets of demographic assumptions were used: (1) a static year 2005 population, (2) morbidity and mortality fixed at the year 2005 level, or (3) an expected development.Results. The health impact of air pollution was estimated at 672,000, 290,000, and 280,000 lost life years depending on demographic assumptions and the corresponding social costs at 430.4 M€, 317.5 M€, and 261.6 M€ through the modeled years 2005–2050.Conclusion. The modeled health impact of air pollution differed widely with the demographic assumptions, and thus demographics and assumptions on demographics played a key role in making health impact assessments on air pollution.

scholarly journals Assessment of forestry impact on society’s welfare in Lithuania

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stasys Mizaras ◽  
Diana Lukminė ◽  
Asta Doftartė
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Multicriteria Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Effective formation and implementation of forest policy can only be achieved with the orientation to the ultimate goal – increasing society’s welfare. The problem is that at present, the impact of forestry on society’s welfare is not determined. There are no dedicated research and methodology. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of Lithuanian forestry on the welfare of society. In order to achieve this aim, a method has been developed based on society’s welfare and forestry sustainability assessment methodologies and for the first time the impact of Lithuanian forestry on society’s welfare has been assessed. The assessment method is based on multicriteria methods. Components of the assessment process are as follows: 1) criteria and indicators; 2) comparison of society’s welfare and forestry indicators; 3) importance of criteria and indicators; 4) assessment of the impact of forestry on society’s welfare. The article describes the methods of the assessment of society’s welfare and forestry sustainability, a method for assessing the impact of Lithuanian forestry on society’s welfare and the results of this impact assessment. A slight increase in the impact of Lithuanian forests on society’s welfare was estimated: 14.5% in 2005, 17.3% in 2010 and 17.6% in 2015.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Food Safety News Using Stacking Ensemble Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Song ◽  
Kefan Shang ◽  
Junliang He ◽  
Wei Yan ◽  
Tianjiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Ensemble Learning ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Naive Bayesian ◽  
Naïve Bayesian ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Food

Food safety has always been the focus of public concern. Assessment of the impact of food safety news constituents an important job of the government departments. In this paper we present a method using stacking ensemble learning to assess the impact level of global food safety news. The news used for training the assessment model is collected from the Chinese customs. Each of the news articles is annotated with a label ranging from low impact, medium impact and high impact by the customs officials. For base learners in the ensemble learning model, we use Naive Bayesian, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, FastText, Convolutional Neural Network, LSTM and BERT. A Naive Bayesian-based meta learner is used to integrate the assessment results of the base learners. The proposed method features end to end prediction of news impact using the original news text as input, and it advances the transdisciplinary development of artificial intelligence and risk assessment by improving the accuracy of impact assessment of food safety news compared with traditionally used methods.

Implementation of Evidence-based Humanitarian Programs in Military-led Missions: Part II. The Impact Assessment Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Reaves ◽  
Kenneth W. Schor ◽  
Frederick M. Burkle
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Stability Operations ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe Department of Defense does not implement health-sector humanitarian assistance impact assessments to complement those of the international humanitarian aid community. This oversight fails to meet the recent Department of Defense Directive 3000.05 mandate calling for the application of measures of effectiveness. The decision by the Department of Defense to incorporate humanitarian assistance in stability operations should be supported by evidence-based impact assessments. This article proposes implementation of an impact assessment model in Department of Defense humanitarian assistance operations. The use of an impact assessment model will refocus previously identified information gaps from traditional military input-output management toward a greater emphasis on outcomes. This will help answer which humanitarian activities are successful, which are not, and why. Over time, the use of an impact assessment model will ensure that the Department of Defense and its operational units are learning as an organization while applying evidence-based lessons learned to future stability operations. Most important, the use of this model will both provide better understanding of the role that the Department of Defense has in humanitarian activities and help interpret and transfer these activities to the host nation and international aid community in a timely and efficient manner. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:237–244)

The Military Land Use Evolution and Impact Assessment Model

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Deal ◽  
Elisabeth M. Jenicek ◽  
William J. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
The Military

scholarly journals Case study of a water bioengineering construction site in Austria. Ecological aspects and application of an environmental life cycle assessment model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. von der Thannen ◽  
S. Hoerbinger ◽  
C. Muellebner ◽  
H. Biber ◽  
H. P. Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

AbstractRecently, applications of soil and water bioengineering constructions using living plants and supplementary materials have become increasingly popular. Besides technical effects, soil and water bioengineering has the advantage of additionally taking into consideration ecological values and the values of landscape aesthetics. When implementing soil and water bioengineering structures, suitable plants must be selected, and the structures must be given a dimension taking into account potential impact loads. A consideration of energy flows and the potential negative impact of construction in terms of energy and greenhouse gas balance has been neglected until now. The current study closes this gap of knowledge by introducing a method for detecting the possible negative effects of installing soil and water bioengineering measures. For this purpose, an environmental life cycle assessment model has been applied. The impact categories global warming potential and cumulative energy demand are used in this paper to describe the type of impacts which a bioengineering construction site causes. Additionally, the water bioengineering measure is contrasted with a conventional civil engineering structure. The results determine that the bioengineering alternative performs slightly better, in terms of energy demand and global warming potential, than the conventional measure. The most relevant factor is shown to be the impact of the running machines at the water bioengineering construction site. Finally, an integral ecological assessment model for applications of soil and water bioengineering structures should point out the potential negative effects caused during installation and, furthermore, integrate the assessment of potential positive effects due to the development of living plants in the use stage of the structures.

scholarly journals India’s Commitments to Increase Tree and Forest Cover: Consequences for Water Supply and Agriculture Production within the Central Indian Highlands

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Benjamin Clark ◽  
Ruth DeFries ◽  
Jagdish Krishnaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Central India ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Impact

As part of its nationally determined contributions as well as national forest policy goals, India plans to boost tree cover to 33% of its land area. Land currently under other uses will require tree-plantations or reforestation to achieve this goal. This paper examines the effects of converting cropland to tree or forest cover in the Central India Highlands (CIH). The paper examines the impact of increased forest cover on groundwater infiltration and recharge, which are essential for sustainable Rabi (winter, non-monsoon) season irrigation and agricultural production. Field measurements of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) linked to hydrological modeling estimate increased forest cover impact on the CIH hydrology. Kfs tests in 118 sites demonstrate a significant land cover effect, with forest cover having a higher Kfs of 20.2 mm hr−1 than croplands (6.7mm hr−1). The spatial processes in hydrology (SPHY) model simulated forest cover from 2% to 75% and showed that each basin reacts differently, depending on the amount of agriculture under paddy. Paddy agriculture can compensate for low infiltration through increased depression storage, allowing for continuous infiltration and groundwater recharge. Expanding forest cover to 33% in the CIH would reduce groundwater recharge by 7.94 mm (−1%) when converting the average cropland and increase it by 15.38 mm (3%) if reforestation is conducted on non-paddy agriculture. Intermediate forest cover shows however shows potential for increase in net benefits.

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