scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality beneath Agriculturally Advanced Region of Northern Alluvial Plain, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7053
Author(s):  
Anant Gautam ◽  
Suresh Chand Rai ◽  
Shive Prakash Rai
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Chemical Leaching ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Water Accumulation ◽  
Continuous Use

In the present study, groundwater suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes was analyzed in the alluvial aquifers of the Bist-Doab region of Punjab, India, using various indices such as WQI, WAWQI, MCDA, RSC, SAR, PI, %Na, KR, MH, PS, K, and Ka. Since it is difficult to assess the suitability of groundwater for irrigation based on various indices individually, a composite groundwater quality index for irrigation (CGQII) was used in the study which transforms nine indices to a single value for each sample. Results reveal that the groundwater of a few blocks was found unsuitable for domestic use due to chemical leaching from fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural and industrial wastes. Whereas, the groundwater of mainly southwestern parts was found unsuitable for irrigation due to long-term water accumulation in aquifers and continuous use of sodium-ion-rich groundwater. The findings conclude that anthropogenic activities have played a significant role in making groundwater unfit for domestic and irrigation purposes in the study area. The present study also emphasizes continuous monitoring and evaluation of groundwater quality, which will help in strategic planning and management for the conservation of groundwater resources in the region.

scholarly journals Irrigation Groundwater Quality Characteristics: A Case Study of Cyprus

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Nikolaou ◽  
Damianos Neocleous ◽  
Christos Christophi ◽  
Theodosia Heracleous ◽  
Marinos Markou
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Agricultural Areas

This study was conducted in order to investigate possible quality changes in Cyprus’ groundwater resources over a 10-year period of pumping and to check the suitability of primary irrigation water. Water samples (n = 890) from private wells in agricultural areas were analyzed from 2009 to 2018 to determine various physicochemical properties. The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were also calculated to evaluate potential soil degradation issues. Sodium, chloride and sulphate were found to be the predominant ions in groundwater. Quality evaluation showed possible restrictions in groundwater use for irrigation in relation to its salt content and the toxicity of specific ions having adverse effects on sensitive and several moderately sensitive crops. In particular, an increasing trend was observed in pumped groundwater for boron ion concentrations. Nevertheless, all samples evaluated were suitable for irrigation in terms of soil sodicitation and soil infiltration rate. This study indicates that in order to maintain long-term agricultural sustainability it is imperative to develop strategic plants to mitigate the adverse effects of water-pumped quality deterioration on soils and crops. Precision agriculture techniques may be adapted for better water and nutrient input/output management, thus protecting groundwater from salinization in agricultural areas. These results, among others, may be a useful tool to enhance the ability of Cyprus’s agricultural water sector to adapt to observed and anticipated climate impacts.

scholarly journals Impact of Spatio-Temporal change in landuse/landcover on Groundwater Quality and Human Health; A case study of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmad ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Jamal Nasir ◽  
Burhan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Tasleem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, and Nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe Landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48- 62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.

scholarly journals Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmad ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Jamal Nasir ◽  
Burhan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Tasleem Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, electric conductivity (EC), turbidity, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48–62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.

scholarly journals Mapping groundwater availability and adequacy in the Lower Zambezi River basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Blanca Pérez-Lapeña ◽  
Francisco Saimone ◽  
Dinis Juizo
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Zambezi River

Abstract. Groundwater plays an important role as a source of water for various socio-economic uses and environmental requirements in the lower Zambezi basin in Mozambique. Hence it is important to know its availability and adequacy in space to inform decision making for sustainable water management practices. For a derivation of a Groundwater Availability map and a Groundwater Adequacy map we adapted the DRASTIC methodology in a GIS environment to determine how different parameters, such as precipitation, topography, soil drainage, land use and vegetation cover, aquifer characteristics and groundwater quality affect (i) groundwater recharge on a long-term sustainable basis, (ii) the short-term abstraction potential and (iii) the long-term adequacy of groundwater utilization for domestic use. Results showed that groundwater availability in the Zambezi basin varies mostly from medium to low, with highest potential along the perennial rivers and in the delta where it plays a crucial role in environmental preservation. The southern margin of the Zambezi River shows low groundwater availability and also presents low adequacy for domestic use due to poor groundwater quality. The results from this study will be used in determining the most promising future development pathways and select the most attractive strategic development plans of the Mozambican government for the Lower Zambezi basin.

scholarly journals Physicochemical quality monitoring of groundwater for drinking purposes in rural Ujjain, Central India: findings of a 2-year longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Singh ◽  
Vivek Parashar ◽  
Madhanraj Kalyanasundaram ◽  
Shweta Khare ◽  
Manju R. Purohit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Central India ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Groundwater Samples

AbstractRampant use of groundwater for drinking purposes in several parts of the world has raised the concern over its quality. Owing to increasing population, overuse, and pollution of surface water sources, the use of groundwater has increased to considerable extent. Despite this, little attention is paid towards the monitoring of groundwater resources to assess their suitability for drinking purposes. To assess the groundwater quality in rural areas of Ujjain District of Madhya Pradesh, India, in order to check its suitability for drinking purpose, water quality analysis was done at seven time points during the two study years in six villages of Ujjain District, Central India. A total of 868 groundwater samples from 124 households were collected, and standard analytical methods were employed for analysis. Overall groundwater quality of the area is good and qualified for drinking. However, occurrence of high amount of dissolved solids (> 800 mg/L) and hardness (> 400 mg/L) is the issue of concern, as long-term use of such water might result in variety of health ailments, such as kidney stones and atopic dermatitis in children. Regular monitoring and long-term surveillance of drinking water sources are necessary to keep track of the changes occurring in the system.

Influence of Anthropogenic Pressures on Groundwater Quality from a Rural Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1744-1748
Author(s):  
Catalina Stoica ◽  
Gabriela Geanina Vasile ◽  
Alina Banciu ◽  
Daniela Niculescu ◽  
Irina Lucaciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

During the past few decades, the anthropogenic activities induced worldwide changes in the ecological systems, including the aquatic systems. This work analysed the contamination level of groundwater resources from a rural agglomeration (Central-Western part of Prahova County) by biological and physico-chemical approaches. The study was performed during the autumn of 2016 on several sampling sites (four drilling wells, depth higher than 100 m supplying three villages; two wells lower than 10 m depth and one spring). The water quality was evaluated by comparison with the limit values of the drinking water quality legislation (Law no.458/2002) and the Order 621/2014 (applicable to all groundwater bodies of Romania). The results showed that phenols and metals (iron and manganese) exceeded the threshold values in all sampling sites. Moreover, the anthropogenic factors including agriculture, use of fertilizers, manures, animal husbandry led to an increase of the bacterial load, particularly at wells sites.

scholarly journals Responses of Vertebrate Wildlife to Oil and Natural Gas Development: Patterns and Frontiers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Chalfoun
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Natural Gas Development ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

Abstract Purpose of Review Anthropogenic activities can lead to the loss, fragmentation, and alteration of wildlife habitats. I reviewed the recent literature (2014–2019) focused on the responses of avian, mammalian, and herpetofaunal species to oil and natural gas development, a widespread and still-expanding land use worldwide. My primary goals were to identify any generalities in species’ responses to development and summarize remaining gaps in knowledge. To do so, I evaluated the directionality of a wide variety of responses in relation to taxon, location, development type, development metric, habitat type, and spatiotemporal aspects. Recent Findings Studies (n = 70) were restricted to the USA and Canada, and taxonomically biased towards birds and mammals. Longer studies, but not those incorporating multiple spatial scales, were more likely to detect significant responses. Negative responses of all types were present in relatively low frequencies across all taxa, locations, development types, and development metrics but were context-dependent. The directionality of responses by the same species often varied across studies or development metrics. Summary The state of knowledge about wildlife responses to oil and natural gas development has developed considerably, though many biases and gaps remain. Studies outside of North America and that focus on herpetofauna are lacking. Tests of mechanistic hypotheses for effects, long-term studies, assessment of response thresholds, and experimental designs that isolate the effects of different stimuli associated with development, remain critical. Moreover, tests of the efficacy of habitat mitigation efforts have been rare. Finally, investigations of the demographic effects of development across the full annual cycle were absent for non-game species and are critical for the estimation of population-level effects.

scholarly journals Natural and human-induced factors controlling the phreatic groundwater geochemistry of the Longgang River basin, South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-219
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Linshen Xie ◽  
Gong Cheng ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
South China ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Ammonia Concentration

AbstractGroundwater chemical evolution is the key to ensuring the sustainability of local society and economy development. In this study, four river sections and 59 groundwater wells are investigated in the Longgang River (L.R.) basin in South China. Comprehensive hydrochemical analysis methods are adopted to determine the dominant factors controlling the chemical evolution of the local phreatic groundwater and the potential impact of human activities on groundwater quality. The results indicate that the ionic composition of the local phreatic groundwater is dominated by Ca2+ (0.9–144.0 mg/L), HCO3− (4.4–280.0 mg/L), and SO42− (1.0–199.0 mg/L). Ca–Mg–HCO3, Ca–Na–HCO3, and Na–Ca–HCO3 are the major groundwater hydrochemical facies. Water–rock interactions, such as the dissolution of calcite and dolomite, are the primary source of the major ions in the local groundwater. Cation-exchange reaction has its effects on the contents of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Na+. Ammonia concentration of the sampling sections in the L.R. increases from 0.03 to 2.01 mg/L along the flow direction. Groundwater nitrate in the regions of the farmland is attributed to the lowest level of the groundwater quality standards of China, while the same test results are obtained for heavy metals in the industrial park and landfill, suggesting a negative impact of the anthropogenic activities on the local phreatic groundwater quality.

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