scholarly journals Influence of Combustion Chamber Shapes and Nozzle Geometry on Performance, Emission, and Combustion Characteristics of CRDI Engine Powered with Biodiesel Blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9613 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. V. Ravi Teja ◽  
P. Issac Prasad ◽  
K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy ◽  
N. R. Banapurmath ◽  
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Injector Nozzle ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Green Fuels

Environmentally friendly, renewable, and green fuels have many benefits over fossil fuels, particularly regarding energy efficiency, in addition to addressing environmental and socioeconomic problems. As a result, green fuels can be used in transportation and power generating applications. Furthermore, being green can ably address the emission-related issues of global warming. In view of the advantages of renewable fuels, two B20 fuel blends obtained from methyl esters of cashew nutshell (CHNOB), jackfruit seed (JACKFSNOB), and jamun seed oils (JAMSOB) were selected to evaluate the performance of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine. Compatibility of the nozzle geometry (NG) and combustion chamber shape (CCS) were optimized for increased engine performance. The optimized CCS matched with an increased number of injector nozzle holes in NG showed reasonably improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE), reduced emissions of smoke, HC, and CO, respectively, while NOx increased. Further combustion parameters, such as ignition delay (ID) and combustion duration (CD) reduced, while peak pressure (PP) and heat release rates (HRR) increased at the optimized injection parameters. The CRDI engine powered with JAMSOB B20 showed an increase in BTE of 4–5%, while a significant reduction in HC and CO emissions was obtained compared to JACKFSNOB B20 and CHNOB B20, with increased NOx.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Ethanol, Methanol, and Butanol Blending with Gasoline and Its Effect on Engine Performance and Emissions Using Engine Simulation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1322
Author(s):  
Simeon Iliev
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Blended Fuels

Air pollution, especially in large cities around the world, is associated with serious problems both with people’s health and the environment. Over the past few years, there has been a particularly intensive demand for alternatives to fossil fuels, because when they are burned, substances that pollute the environment are released. In addition to the smoke from fuels burned for heating and harmful emissions that industrial installations release, the exhaust emissions of vehicles create a large share of the fossil fuel pollution. Alternative fuels, known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, are derived from resources other than fossil fuels. Because alcoholic fuels have several physical and propellant properties similar to those of gasoline, they can be considered as one of the alternative fuels. Alcoholic fuels or alcohol-blended fuels may be used in gasoline engines to reduce exhaust emissions. This study aimed to develop a gasoline engine model to predict the influence of different types of alcohol-blended fuels on performance and emissions. For the purpose of this study, the AVL Boost software was used to analyse characteristics of the gasoline engine when operating with different mixtures of ethanol, methanol, butanol, and gasoline (by volume). Results obtained from different fuel blends showed that when alcohol blends were used, brake power decreased and the brake specific fuel consumption increased compared to when using gasoline, and CO and HC concentrations decreased as the fuel blends percentage increased.

Experimental Investigations of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Moringa Oil Methyl Ester and Its Diesel Blends in a Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamsundar Rajaraman ◽  
G. K. Yashwanth ◽  
T. Rajan ◽  
R. Siva Kumaran ◽  
P. Raghu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Moringa Oil

World at present is confronted with the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. Rapid escalation in prices and hydrocarbon resources depletion has led us to look for alternative fuels, which can satisfy ever increasing demands of energy as well as protect the environment from noxious pollutants. In this direction an attempt has been made to study a biodiesel, namely Moringa Oil Methyl Esters [MOME]. All the experiments were carried out on a 4.4 kW naturally aspirated stationary direct injection diesel engine coupled with a dynamometer to determine the engine performance and emission analysis for MOME. It was observed that there was a reduction in HC, CO and PM emissions along with a substantial increase in NOx. MOME and its blends had slightly lower thermal efficiency than diesel oil.

The Sensitivity of Inner Nozzle Flow in Gasoline Direct Injection Injector to the Nozzle Geometry Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhai Li ◽  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Xue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Nozzle Flow ◽  
Nozzle Length ◽  
Injector Nozzle

The inner-flow of gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector nozzles plays an important role in the process of spray, and affects the mixture process in gasoline engine cylinder. The nozzle structure also affects the inner-flow of GDI injector. In order to obtain uniform performance of GDI injector, the size consistency of injector nozzle should be ensured. This paper researches the effect of nozzle length and diameter on the inner flow and analyzes the sensitivity of inner flow characteristics to these structural parameters. First, this paper reveals the process of inception, development, and saturated condition of cavitation phenomenon in injector nozzle. Second, the inner-nozzle flow characteristics are more sensitive to small diameter than large diameter under the short nozzle length, while the sensitivity of the inner-nozzle flow characteristics to large nozzle diameter becomes strong as the increase of the nozzle length. Finally, the influence of nozzle angle on the injection mass flow is studied, and the single nozzle fuel mass will increase as the decrease of nozzle angle α. And the sensitivity of inner-flow characteristic to nozzle angle becomes strong as the decrease of α.

ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EXHAUST EMISSION OF DIESEL DUAL FUEL ENGINE FUELLED BY BIODIESEL, DIESEL AND NATURAL GAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Abdul Majid ◽  
Rahmat Mohsin ◽  
Abdul Hakim Shihnan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Engine Torque

The performance and exhaust emission of 6 cylinder four stroke direct injection diesel dual fuel (DDF) engine were investigated, the duel fuel used is corn oil methyl esters consist of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% blends with diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG). Experiment was conducted at a fixed compression ratio of 17.5:1 with variance of engine speed 1400, 1800, 2400 and 2600 rpm. Combination of Biodiesel and CNG showed a better result on engine performance in terms of horse power and engine torque compared to other types of tested fuel. The substantial decrease of 25.6 % in exhaust emission flue was observed, giving lower value of UHC and nitrogen oxide (NOx). However, when the fuel is blended with CNG, a poor performance on exhaust emission was recorded, which include carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) due to presence of CNG in fuel. 

Experimental Study on the Effects of Injector Nozzle and Piston Bowl Geometry on Combustion and Performance in Medium-Speed Diesel Engines

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byong-Seok Kim ◽  
Ki-Doo Kim ◽  
Wook-Hyeon Yoon ◽  
Seung-Hyup Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Injector Nozzle ◽  
Current Limit ◽  
Medium Speed

In recent years, many regulations of exhaust gas emissions have been enhanced in not only automotive engines but also marine and power generation engines. So we have done the various studies to reduce NOx in a medium speed diesel engine, HYUNDAI HiMSEN, for satisfying the next IMO(International Maritime Organization) regulation (Tier2, 20∼30% reduction for current limit). The selected parameters for in this study are fuel injector nozzle and piston bowl geometry. These have significant effect on engine performance and combustion. In this study, engine performance experiments have been carried out to investigate the effects of fuel injector nozzle geometry including the nozzle hole diameter, hole number, hole length, and injection angle on the fuel oil consumption and NOx emission of HYUNDAI HiMSEN engine. Also experiments have been carried out to evaluate engine performance and combustion with changing piston bowl geometry including the diameter and depth of piston bowl. The measured parameters of engine performance include cylinder pressure, fuel pump pressure, injection pressure, and heat release rate and NOx, etc. We could find out the optimum point of the nozzle geometry and the piston bowl shape regarding to the trade-off curve on fuel oil consumption versus NOx emission to minimize fuel oil consumption and to satisfy NOx regulation of HYUNDAI HiMSEN engines.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Campuran Bahan Bakar Pertalite-Bioetanol Biji Sorghum pada Mesin Bensin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Abdi Hanra Sebayang ◽  
Husin Ibrahim ◽  
Surya Dharma ◽  
Arridina Susan Silitonga ◽  
Berta Br Ginting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emission ◽  
Hc Emissions

The depletion of fossil fuels, rising of earth temperatures and declining of air quality are an unavoidable phenomenon today. Bioethanol fuel is one solution to reduce this problem that comes from renewable raw materials. The purpose of this study is to investigate engine performance and exhaust emissions at gasoline engine by using the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends with different mixed ratios (10%, 15%, and 20%). The test is performed on a four-stroke gasoline engine without modification. Engine speeds vary from 1000 to 4000 rpm, and properties of the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends are measured and analyzed. In addition, engine torque, brake power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) as well as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are measured. The results show that BSFC decreased while BTE increased for a fuel blends containing 20% bioethanol at 3500 rpm engine speed, with each maximum value of 246.93 g/kWh and 36.28%. It is also found that CO and HC emissions are lower for the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the sorghum seeds bioethanol-pertalite blends can improve engine performance and reduce exhaust gas emissions. Keywords: bioethanol; pertalite; performance engine; exhaust gas emission; alternatif fuel.

Emissions From a Gas Turbine Sector Rig Operated With Synthetic Aviation and Biodiesel Fuel

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Pucher ◽  
William Allan ◽  
Marc LaViolette ◽  
Pierre Poitras
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Spray Pattern ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Factor Evaluation ◽  
Temperature Maps

Differences in exhaust emissions, smoke production, exhaust pattern factor, deposit buildup, and fuel nozzle spray characteristics for various blends of conventional commercial jet fuel (Jet A-1) with synthetic and biodiesel formulations were investigated. Three synthetic fuel formulations and four fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were evaluated as such. The synthetic fuels were tested in both neat (100%) and 50% by volume blends with Jet A-1, while the FAME fuels were blended in 2% and 20% proportions. The combustion chamber sector rig, which houses a Rolls Royce T-56-A-15 combustion section, was utilized for emissions, deposits, and exhaust pattern factor evaluation. A combustion chamber exhaust plane traversing thermocouple rake was employed to generate two-dimensional temperature maps during operation. Following combustion testing, several combustion system components, including the combustion chamber, fuel nozzle, and igniter plug, were analyzed for relative levels of deposit buildup. A phase Doppler anemometry system was employed to determine differences in droplet size distributions, while an optical spray pattern analyzer was used to compare the spray pattern for the various fuel blends as they emerged from the T-56 nozzle.

scholarly journals Reproducibility of PetroOxy and its correlation with the Rancimat method

Paliva ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Karolína Jaklová ◽  
Aleš Vráblík
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Rancimat Method ◽  
Time Required

The current trend of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint as well as legislation requirements means an increase in the effort to replace fossil fuels by using renewable sources. One of the possibilities is usage of methyl esters (FAME or UCOME) as a bio-component in diesel fuel. Now the maximum FAME content in diesel is 7 vol% (according to the standard EN590 – B7). Increasing the proportion of FAME means a deterioration in oxidation stability. FAME is produced by the transesterification of the triglycerides present in vegetable oils. A major disadvantage of biodiesel (FAME) is ability to be slowly oxidised by air oxygen. Oxidation products may impair fuel properties, quality and engine performance. This is the reason why the oxidation stability of diesel and biodiesel is an important quality parameter. It could be detected using several methods, for example: Rancimat, PetroOxy or thermal techniques. The Rancimat method is intended for biodiesel and for diesel with a minimum 2 vol% content of FAME as mentioned in the standards EN 590 and EN 14214. The disadvantage is the time required for this method (more than 8 h for biodiesel and 20 h for diesel). The PetroOxy is shorter and its results can be converted to Rancimat stability. The set of 75 samples (40 samples of B7 and 35 samples of FAME) was measured using both mentioned methods. Three values of oxidation stability were determined for all of the analysed samples. In the first laboratory, oxidation stability of the samples was measured using both methods. In the second laboratory, oxidation stability was measured using only the PetroOxy. The PetroOxy results from both laboratories were compared with a high correlation value (R2 = 0,954). In the next step, outliers were removed from dataset. Experimental results of the Rancimat method were correlated with recalculated values of PetroOxy method from both laboratories. Correlation equation provided by the manufacturer of PetroOxy was used for recalculation of PetroOxy results to Rancimat results at first. Measured results were then compared with recalculated results. The largest difference in results was found in the B7 samples. Because of these differences the correlation equation between PetroOxy and Rancimat was optimized. Two different equation were made (for each laboratory). The recalculated oxidation stability results were compared with the primary results from Rancimat. The newly correlated values showed a higher degree of agreement with the experimental data than when the results were recalculated using the correlation equation provided by manufacturer. These optimized correlation equation have proven to be more suitable for industrial laboratories.

scholarly journals Simulation research into the influence of the combustion chamber blowby on the efficiency of a diesel engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Grzegorz KOSZAŁKA ◽  
Michał GĘCA ◽  
Andrzej SUCHECKI
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Service Lead

Combustion chamber leakage, caused mainly by blowby, results in a reduced engine performance and higher fuel consumption. The blowby rate is, to some extent, determined by the design of the piston-ring-cylinder assembly (PRC) and the blowby rate varies throughout the life of an engine due to wear of the said assembly. The paper presents a quantitative evaluation of the influence of the combustion chamber blowby on the engine performance and fuel consumption on the example of two diesel engines: older generation naturally aspirated indirect injection diesel engine and a modern turbocharged direct injection engine. The assessment was made based on a simulation research using the AVL Boost software and the input data for the calculations were ascertained based on measurements performed on actual objects. The results have shown that a reduction of the blowby by half compared to the values occurring in engines of good technical condition would increase the maximum torque and power by approx. 0.5% for both investigated engines. The results of the simulation have also shown that increases in the blowby occurring in engines after long service lead to increased fuel consumption from 1% to 7% and the lower the engine speed and load the greater theses values.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document