scholarly journals South Baltic Oil Spill Response Project (SBOIL)—Development and Implementation of Models of Drift and Fall Trajectories of Biogenic Oil Binders

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9889
Author(s):  
Fokke Saathoff ◽  
Marcus Siewert ◽  
Marcin Przywarty ◽  
Mateusz Bilewski ◽  
Bartosz Muczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Current Response ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Oil Spill Response

This paper presents the methodology, assumptions, and functionalities of an application developed during the realization of the project “South Baltic Oil Spill Response through Clean-up with Biogenic Oil Binders” (SBOIL). The SBOIL project is a continuation of the BioBind project, the primary goal of which was to develop and deploy an oil recovery system designed for use in coastal waters and adverse weather conditions. The goal of the SBOIL project was to use this new technology to improve the current response capabilities for cross-border oil spills. The developed application allows for the determination of the position of an aircraft at the time of dropping the oil binders, the determination of the oil binders’ position after falling in terms of a specific aircraft’s position, the determination of the position of oil binders after a certain time in order to plan the action of recovering it from the water surface, and the determination of the time when the binders will be in their assumed position.

Optimizing Offshore Combat of Oil Spills – Development of New Booms and Helicopter Based Application of Dispersants

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 1279-1284
Author(s):  
Tharald M. Brekne ◽  
Sigmund Holmemo ◽  
Geir M. Skeie
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Chemical Dispersant ◽  
Offshore Installations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Robust Systems ◽  
Norwegian Continental Shelf

ABSTRACT There is an increasing focus on offshore combat of oil spills on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS). One result of this focus is a change from field specific to area specific contingency, moving from many medium sized oil spill combat vessels, to fewer and more robust systems and vessels. An important element in the emerging configuration is the use of helicopter based chemical dispersant systems, permanently located on offshore installations. An increasing diversity, of oil types being produced, configuration of installations, water depths and geographic location, are all factors that require a robust, mobile and flexible oil spill response. The Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies (NOFO) has recently initiated development of new technology, as projects under NOFO's Research & Development Programme. Three of these projects address the development of improved heavy offshore booms, applying new principles for containment of oil, and a heavy duty skimmer optimized for mobility. A fourth project addresses the development of a system for helicopter based application of chemical dispersants, optimized for offshore storage and maintenance. This paper presents the status for and experience from these projects, as well as the plan for testing and verification of this new technology.

Sweden Seeking New Technology to Combat Oil Spills

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
Bernt Jansson ◽  
Jarl Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
National Board ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Special Circumstances

ABSTRACT Due to the special circumstances of the Baltic Sea—brackish water, low temperatures, ice, and widespread archipelagos—special oil spill response and cleanup methods and equipment have proven to be necessary. The Swedish Government therefore commissioned the Swedish National Board of Technical Development to establish a research and development program involving the six authorities that are responsible for the country's environmental protection. The first step in this program was a common document, Policy Guidelines for Swedish Maritime Oil Spill Protection in the 1990s, with high-priority strategies according to which all subsequent development has been carried out. The program has produced methods and systems ranging from those for handling oil spills at sea and from leaking wrecks, to protection against and deflection of oil from sensitive areas, and cleanup operations in the beach zone.

MANAGING RISKS OF EXPLOSION DURING OIL RECOVERY, STORAGE, AND TRANSFER OPERATIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry A. Romberg ◽  
Dennis M. Maguire ◽  
Richard L. Ranger ◽  
Rod Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Spilled Oil

ABSTRACT This paper examines explosion hazards while recovering spilled oil utilizing oil spill recovery barges. The risk of static accumulation and discharge is well understood after thorough investigations of several incidents in the 1970s and 1980s involving explosions on tank barges and vessels during petroleum cargo loading and unloading operations. However, those lessons learned only partially apply to oil spill recovery operations due to the differences in liquid properties, crew training, and additional tasks required during an oil spill response. While regulatory standards have been enacted for petroleum tankers and barges involved in commercial transportation of oil and other hazardous materials, the utility of these standards for oil spill response vessels has not been fully considered. Inverviews were conducted with marine transporters and response organizations to understand the wide range of operational risks and mitigation proceedures currently in use. This paper outlines the four basic conditions that must be present to create a static discharge-induced explosion during liquid cargo operations. A review of explosion casualty history was completed for cargo operations and compared to operations that create similar hazards during oil spill recovery operations. Specific processes that create additional risk of static-induced explosions during response operations were studied to review mitigation actions. Finally, recommendations for continued training are provided to help guide the spill response community when preparing for and responding to oil spills.

Morice – New Technology for Effective Oil Recovery in Ice

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph V. Mullin ◽  
Hans V. Jensen ◽  
Walter Cox
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Broken Ice ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
National Effort ◽  
Meso Scale ◽  
Mechanical Recovery

ABSTRACT The overall objective of the Mechanical Oil Recovery in Ice Infested Waters (MORICE) program is to improve the effectiveness of equipment and techniques for the mechanical recovery of oil spills in ice-infested waters. MORICE is a multi-national effort that has involved Norwegian, Canadian, American and German researchers. Results from previous laboratory, meso-scale phases have been summarized (Johannessen et al, 1996, 1998), (Jensen et al., 1999), (Jensen & Solsberg, 2000, 2001). In January 2002, the full-scale proof of concepts with two different internal recovery units were successfully tested and evaluated at Ohmsett – The National Oil Spill Response Test Facility located in Leonardo, New Jersey (Jensen & Mullin, 2002). Results of the Ohmsett tests are presented along with recommendations for developing a commercialized skimmer that will effectively operate in broken ice conditions.

Combining Best Available Technology: A Systems Approach for Effective Mechanical Oil Spill Response

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 300184
Author(s):  
Tony Hout ◽  
Tony Parkin ◽  
Samantha Smith ◽  
Regina Ward
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Best Available Technology ◽  
Water Response ◽  
Available Technology

The toolbox of oil spill response resources now available includes alternative options for organizing, managing, and conducting a response. Best Available Technology (BAT) for Tracking & Surveillance provides an enhanced capability to direct on-water assets when over-flight information may be unavailable. Containment booming systems have the ability to be towed beyond traditional containment boom towing speeds, increasing oil encounter rates. Advances in skimming technology have led to higher oil recovery rates and higher skimmer efficiency rates, and therefore help reduce on-water storage requirements. The ability to combine this BAT into a single recovery system provides for timely and effective on-water response. Using BAT systems allows Operations Section Chiefs to organize a response into geographically defined divisions as opposed to traditional on-water groups with Task Force Leaders (TFLs) making autonomous, in-field decisions. This is an important enhancement in oil spill response. When conditions preclude over-flights for oil trajectory information, new surveillance BAT may still provide TFLs with information to assist in continuing efficient operations. With oil spill response vessels (OSRVs) with high skimming and storage capabilities operating at the source of the spill, TFLs can direct BAT recovery systems into heavily impacted areas away from the source. Each system can consist of: one TF leader vessel with BAT tracking and surveillance assets and an assigned Area of Responsibility (AOR); two advanced containment booming systems with assigned vessels; and [any number of?] highly efficient skimmers. Combining these response assets with adequate on-water storage of recovered liquids, the TF leader is better able to direct each recovery system into the thickest parts of the oil to maximize on-water encounter and recovery rates.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Impact of Weather Conditions on the Effectiveness of Oil Spill Recovery Operation in Simulated Conditions (Pisces II)

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
Dorota Jarząbek ◽  
Wiesław Juszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Relevant Experiment

Abstract The ability to use computer simulation to predict the behavior of oil spills at sea enables better use of available personnel and resources to combat such spills. The use of oil collecting equipment properly selected to suit the conditions is essential for the operation to be effective. Therefore, an attempt is made to verify the influence of weather conditions on the efficiency of oil recovery. Three types of spilled crude oil were simulated. A relevant experiment was conducted on a PISCES II oil spill simulator.

Use of Dispersants in the United States: Perception or Reality?

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Cunningham ◽  
Karen A. Sahatjian ◽  
Chris Meyers ◽  
Gary Yoshioka ◽  
Julie M. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Unfavorable Weather

ABSTRACT Dispersants have been a controversial oil spill response technique since their introduction during the Torrey Canyon oil spill off the coast of the United Kingdom in 1967. Despite reductions in the toxicity of dispersants and improvements in their application since then, dispersants have not been used extensively in the United States because of logistical difficulties, unfavorable weather conditions, and a lack of demonstrated effectiveness during actual spill conditions. In addition, there is a widely held perception in the United States that dispersant use has been limited by complex authorization procedures. This paper reviews the dispersant policies of several European nations and Canada and compares them with those of the United States. Recent developments in U. S. dispersant policy are outlined, particularly those designed to expedite decision making. The paper concludes by examining some recent U. S. oil spills in which dispersant use was considered.

Oil Spill Response Centers in Brazil – a New Experience

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 755-759
Author(s):  
Luiz Antônio Arroio ◽  
Isaac Rafael Wegner ◽  
Flavio Torres da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Response Capacity ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Logistic Support

ABSTRACT It has been noticed, in the latest Brazilian oil spill emergencies, that the time of arrival of equipaments in the emergency site, due to some differents facts (Brazilian dimensions, transport infrastructure, Customes etc) was of 48–60 hours. Furthermore, one may notice that all the Brazilian oil spill response equipment was not enough for Tier 2 and 3 emergencies. Petrobras has decided to install a total of nine Oil Spill Response Centers, strategically located throughout Brazil, thus increasing its response capacity for potential oil spills. Each of the Centers is equipped with special barges, oil recovery boats, skimmers, sorbents, containment and sorbent booms. Equipments and logistic support can be rapidly dispatched to any area in Brazil where an emergency might occur. The CDAs operate with about 250 trained technicians, available 24 hours per day. This provides regularly trained skills, together with Petrobras technicians and the local communities, in order to guarantee readiness in the event of a spill. Some data about how and where the Centers have been working after two years operation are now shown. In fact, the CDAs have been participating in a lot of response calls, although most of them are inspections for prevention, supporting the Petrobras’ units operations, other companies’ emergencies and ocasional oil spills. However, it should be noted that Brazil has more capacity to face oil-related emergencies than before.

Effective Planning for Dispersant Operations – Making Decisions, Analyzing Options and Establishing Capability

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2791-2810
Author(s):  
Thomas Coolbaugh ◽  
Andy Nicoll ◽  
Aaron Montgomery ◽  
Geeva Varghese ◽  
Lucy Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Dispersant Effectiveness ◽  
Oil Type

ABSTRACT Within the oil spill response community, dispersant use is considered to be a key tool for the treatment and mitigation of oil spills. As a response technique, the benefits of dispersant application have been long proven, particularly in the case of large offshore spills such as those associated with the Sea Empress (UK, 1996), Montara (Australia, 2009) and Macondo (USA, 2010) incidents. Compared to other spill response techniques, dispersant application has less operational constraints associated with adverse weather conditions and can be rapidly applied from an aerial platform for larger spills far offshore. These reasons render dispersant application a critical tool in the toolbox for many offshore operators. Developing a successful dispersant application strategy requires comprehensive planning. For an offshore operator with a subsea well blowout risk, a number of elements should be carefully considered to ensure the successful execution of the dispersant application strategy. The decision making process should include a detailed evaluation of the oil type, release scenario and location, and the consideration of these parameters against the larger environmental and socio-economic needs of the stakeholder community. Once dispersant application is established to be a viable response option using a process such as Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA), the operator also needs to ensure that it is adequately resourced in terms of application platforms (vessel vs aircraft), monitoring techniques and supporting logistics. Well planned and detailed operational strategies are critical for successful subsea and surface dispersant operations, especially in the unlikely event of a large offshore spill. This paper summarizes the various operational considerations an offshore operator needs to assess during the preparedness stage for developing a viable dispersant application strategy. Drawing on the authors’ experiences in developing and implementing various preparedness projects globally, the different aspects of the dispersant planning process, including oil spill modelling to support decision making, ascertaining dispersant effectiveness for the oil type, selecting appropriate application techniques, establishing necessary logistical support and the setting up of an incident management team to support dispersant operations, will be discussed in detail. The goal of the paper is to build upon prior dispersant strategy discussions and provide an operationally focused blueprint for planning and implementing an effective dispersant application strategy in support of offshore operations.

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY OF THE COASTS OF THE KARA SEA TO THE OIL SPILL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ermolov ◽  
Alexander Ermolov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
International System ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
International Systems

International experience of oil spill response in the sea defines the priority of coastal protection and the need to identify as most valuable in ecological terms and the most vulnerable areas. Methodological approaches to the assessing the vulnerability of Arctic coasts to oil spills based on international systems of Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) and geomorphological zoning are considered in the article. The comprehensive environmental and geomorphological approach allowed us to form the morphodynamic basis for the classification of seacoasts and try to adapt the international system of indexes to the shores of the Kara Sea taking into account the specific natural conditions. This work has improved the expert assessments of the vulnerability and resilience of the seacoasts.

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