scholarly journals Assessing Energy Descent Scenarios for the Ecological Transition in Spain 2020–2030

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11867
Author(s):  
Martín Lallana ◽  
Adrián Almazán ◽  
Alicia Valero ◽  
Ángel Lareo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Global North ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Many ◽  
Ecological Transition

A global energy consumption reduction is essential to address the many dimensions of the current ecological crisis. In this paper we have compiled the reasons that justify the necessity to start this energy descent process in the countries of the global North, where the annual per capita final energy consumption was 118 GJ in 2017. Based on recent research, we approach the necessary redistribution of energy consumption at the global level and the elements that should be present in energy descent strategies. We establish an approximate threshold of minimum and maximum per capita final energy consumption, between 15.6 GJ and 31.0 GJ for the year 2050, which serves as a reference for evaluating scenarios. We continue with an analysis of two ecological transition scenarios for Spain between 2020 and 2030, Green New Deal and Degrowth. Based on a schematic calculation model defined in “Labor Scenarios in the Ecosocial Transition 2020–2030” report, we evaluate the variations in energy consumption for 86 sectors of economic activity. Results show an annual final energy consumption per capita in 2030 of 44.6 GJ and 36.8 GJ for each scenario. We conclude by analyzing the hypothetical main drivers of this sharp decline in energy consumption.

scholarly journals The environmental and resource productivity as the key element of green economy in EU

2021 ◽  
Vol 915 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
H Niameshchuk ◽  
V Bozhanova ◽  
V Chala ◽  
A Hlushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Resource Productivity ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze the indicators of environmental and resource productivity of European countries to identify leaders and outsiders and study their trends over recent decades. The results of the analysis showed that the indicators are characterized by uneven development, due to the characteristics of countries and their green policies. The key indicators of the Europe 2020 policy have been used for the analysis, namely resource productivity, greenhouse gas emissions per capita, recycling rate of municipal waste, eco-innovation index, final energy consumption in households. Linear trends for the period 1995-2019 with indication of trend equations were constructed for each indicator. The slope of the functions has been analyzed in order to identify the dynamics of trends. According to the results of the analysis, all indicators except greenhouse gas emissions per capita were characterized by positive dynamics, ie increased. It has been determined that the problematic indicator for EU countries is final energy consumption in households, which requires further detailed research.

scholarly journals Assessment of Green Investments’ Impact on Sustainable Development: Linking Gross Domestic Product Per Capita, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Renewable Energy

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhiy Lyeonov ◽  
Tetyana Pimonenko ◽  
Yuriy Bilan ◽  
Dalia Štreimikienė ◽  
Grzegorz Mentel
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Green Investments ◽  
The Eu

The paper analyses the linkages between GDP per capita, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and renewable energy (RE) in the total final energy consumption and green investments (PICE) which are measured as private investments, jobs, and gross value added related to circular economy sectors. The object of the analysis is the EU countries during the 2008-2016 period (crisis and post-crisis period). In the paper, data from the following databases was used: the Eurostat, the World Data Bank, and the European Environmental Agency. For addressing the linkages between the aforementioned indicators, the following methods were applied: panel unit root test, Pedroni panel cointegration tests, and the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) panel cointegration techniques. The findings show that FMOLS and DOLS demonstrate the same results as GHG, PICE, RE influence on GDP of the EU countries. The findings prove there is linking between gross domestic product per capita, greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy in the total final energy consumption and green investments. The findings also show that green investment (PICE) could provoke the growth of GDP per capita by 6.4%, the decline of GHG by 3.08%, and the increase of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption by 5.6%.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy in Final Energy Consumption and Income in the EU-28 Countries

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Simionescu ◽  
Wadim Strielkowski ◽  
Manuela Tvaronavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Final Consumption ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Eu

The deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) is considered to be an important objective for the energy sector in the European Union (EU). The EU Directive adapted in 2009 fixed mandatory national targets for the use of renewable energy in transport as well as for the share of RES in the gross final energy consumption. Contrary to previous studies, this paper does not examine the link between the RES and economic growth but rather focuses on real gross domestic product (GDP) and the implementation of national renewable energy targets. We employ panel data models for the case of the EU-28 countries covering the period between 2007 and 2017 that yield a low and positive relationship between the impact of GDP per capita and the share of RES in the final consumption. Our results show that there is a significant causality only from real GDP per capita to the share of renewable energy in final consumption, marking the potential of developed countries to consume more RES. We list some groups of countries according to these variables using a cluster analysis approach. Starting from the proposed panel data models, we constructed the scenarios for the 2020 for various shares of RES and different EU Member States. Overall, it appears that more attention should be attributed to policy proposals in which funding opportunities would be dependent on the achievements of national targets and economic benefits should be given to countries with very good performance in achieving high shares of renewable energy in their final energy consumption.

scholarly journals Challenges in the Development of Hydropower in Selected European Countries

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Paweł Tomczyk ◽  
Mirosław Wiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

Hydropower (HP) in Europe is playing an increasingly important role. Its share in final energy consumption varies from country to country, which is associated with different challenges for each of them. This article presents the challenges of HP development in three countries with a diversified domestic share, i.e., Albania (100% share in 2019), Slovenia (25.7%) and Estonia (0.3%). Particular attention was paid to issues of rational management of water resources in conjunction with the objectives of nature protection and European energy policy. As a result of the analysis, the following challenges in the development of HP were identified: the need to modernize the current HP network, conflicts related to the implementation of HP projects in naturally valuable areas, dependence on external electricity supply due to adverse environmental conditions, problems with the diversification of energy sources and lack of cooperation between environments representing different interests. The countries described have different local specificities; therefore, the challenges in the development of HP are different in each of them. The key to solving them is especially mutual cooperation between various environments, integration of energy markets and diversification of used energy sources, with an indication of renewable energy sources (RES). This will enable harmonious development of each country. Furthermore, it cannot be clearly determined whether the assumed objectives of EU energy policy will be achieved. Achieving these goals is possible because the share of RES in final energy consumption in the countries described is growing.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI, PENGELUARAN RUMAH TANGGA, DAN KETERBUKAAN PERDAGANGAN TERHADAP KONSUMSI ENERGI FINAL DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bambang Priyo Cahyono ◽  
Yusro Hakimah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Final Consumption ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Final Energy Consumption

This study investigates the impact of economic growth on three main development sectors, household final consumption expenditure, and trade openness towards the growth of final energy consumption in Indonesia using annual data for the period 1972-2016. We applied autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) procedures which consist of stationarity test, cointegration test, as well as estimation the short-term and long-term relationships. The cointegration test revealed existence cointegration<br />relationship among the variables in the model. In the short-term and long-term model, our results indicated that the growth of value-added in agriculture sector and industry sector, household final consumption expenditures, and trade openness in the short-term and long-term have a significant effect toward final energy consumption in Indonesia, while the growth of value-added in the service sector only given a short-term effect toward final energy consumption in Indonesia. Based on these<br />results, it can be concluded that sustainable economic development in Indonesia needs to be accompanied by the development of new and renewable energy in order to fulfil domestic energy supply which is predicted to continue to increase rapidly in the future.<br />Keyword : final energi consumption, economic development, household final consumption expenditure, trade openness, autoregressive distributed lag modeling<br />JEL Classification : D1, E21, F14, O13, Q43.

scholarly journals Comparison of past projections of global and regional primary and final energy consumption with historical data

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa F. Cabeza ◽  
Anabel Palacios ◽  
Susana Serrano ◽  
Diana Ürge-Vorsatz ◽  
Camila Barreneche
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption

scholarly journals Outsourcing or efficiency? Investigating the decline in final energy consumption in the UK productive sectors

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 2409-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Hardt ◽  
John Barrett ◽  
Paul Brockway ◽  
Timothy J. Foxon ◽  
Matthew K. Heun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals The Relationship of Causal Factors Affecting the Future Equilibrium Change of Total Final Energy Consumption in Thailand’s Construction Sector under a Sustainable Development Goal: Enriching the SE-VARX Model

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jindamas Sutthichaimethee ◽  
Kuskana Kubaha
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
The Future ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to analyze the influence of the relationship between causal factors that affect the future equilibrium of the total final energy consumption in the construction sector of Thailand under the sustainable development policy for the period of 10 years (2019–2028). This analysis was achieved with the application of the Structure Equilibrium-Vector Autoregressive with Exogenous Variables model (SE-VARX model). This model was developed to fill research gaps and differs from those of previous studies. In the selection of variables, the study focused on Sustainable Development (SD)-based variables available through the lens of Thailand. The exogenous variables included real GDP, population growth, urbanization rate, industrial structure, oil price, foreign direct investment, international tourist arrivals, and total exports and imports. Every variable had a co-integration at level (1) and was used to structure the SE-VARX model. This particular model can effectively analyze the influence of the direct relationship and meet the criteria of goodness of fit without spuriousness. This SE-VARX model allowed us to discover that every variable in the model had an influence on the equilibrium change, where the real GDP is the fastest variable to adjust to the equilibrium while the total final energy consumption has the slowest adjustment ability. The SE-VARX model can be used to project the total final energy consumption, as verified by the performance test result. The test was measured based on the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and their results were 1.09% and 1.01%, respectively. This performance result had the highest value compared to other models in the past. Thus, the SE-VARX model is suitable for forecasting over the next 10 years (2019–2038). The results of this study reveal that the total final energy consumption in the construction sector of Thailand will exhibit a continuously increasing growth rate from 2019 to 2028, amounting to about 144.29% or equivalent to 364.01 ktoe. In addition, the study also found that future government plans may be difficult to achieve as planned. Therefore, the introduced model should be integrated into national development planning and strategies to achieve sustainable development in the future and to enable its application to other sectors.

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