scholarly journals Identification of Factors Affecting Road Traffic Injuries Incidence and Severity in Southern Thailand Based on Accident Investigation Reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12467
Author(s):  
Nuntaporn Klinjun ◽  
Matthew Kelly ◽  
Chanita Praditsathaporn ◽  
Rewwadee Petsirasan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Haddon Matrix

Thailand has the second-highest rates of road traffic mortality globally. Detailed information on the combination of human, vehicle, and environmental risks giving rise to each incident is important for addressing risk factors holistically. This paper presents the result of forensic road traffic investigation reports in Thailand and determines risk factor patterns for road traffic injuries. Detailed forensic reports were extracted for 25 serious traffic accident events. The Haddon matrix was used to analyze risk factors in three phases stratified by four agents. The 25 events analyzed involved 407 victims and 47 vehicles. A total of 65.8% of victims were injured, including 14.5% who died. The majority (66.1%) of deaths occurred at the scene. Human-error-related factors included speeding and drowsiness. Passenger risks included not using the seat belt, sitting in the cargo area and the cab of pickups. Overloaded vehicles, unsafe car modifications, no occupant safety equipment and having unfixed seats were vehicular risks. Environmental risks included fixed objects on the roadside, no traffic lights, no guard rails, no traffic signs, and road accident black spots. At present, traffic accidents cause much avoidable severe injury and death. The outcome of this paper identifies a number of preventable risk factors for traffic injury, and importantly examines them in conjunction. Road traffic safety measures need to consider how human, vehicle, and environmental risks intersect to influence injury likelihood and severity. The Haddon matrix is useful in identifying these pre- and post-accident risk factors. Furthermore, the sustainable preventions of road traffic injury need to address these risks together with active law enforcement.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting of Road Traffic Injuries in the Lower Southern Region of Thailand: A Content Analysis of Road Traffic Investigation Reports, 2006-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuntaporn Klinjun ◽  
Matthew Kelly ◽  
Chanita Praditsathaporn ◽  
Rewwadee Petsirasan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Haddon Matrix

Abstract Background – Thailand has the second highest rates of road traffic mortality globally. Detailed information on the combination of human, vehicle and environmental risks giving rise to each incident is important for addressing risk factors holistically. This paper presents the result of forensic road traffic investigation reports in Thailand and determines risk factor patterns for road traffic injuries.Methods – Detailed forensic reports were extracted for 25 serious traffic accident events. For each report, accidents were characterized by the number of vehicles, number and type of injuries and deaths, road user types, involvement of roadside hazards, medical care provided, and human, vehicular and environmental influences on the incident. The Haddon matrix was used to analyse risk factors in three phases (pre-event, event, post-event) stratified by four agents (human, vehicle, physical and socio-economic environment).Results - The 25 events analyzed involved 407 victims and 47 vehicles. 65.8% of victims were injured, including 22.0% who died. Median age of those injured was 27 years, and 28 years for fatalities. Vehicles crashing with fixed objects, and pickup-related crashes, accounted for the majority of accidents and deaths. Head or neck trauma was the main cause of death. The majority (61%) of deaths occurred at the scene. Human error-related factors included speeding, and drowsiness from night and long-distance driving. Passenger risks included not using seat belt, sitting in cargo area and the cab of pickups. Not having anyone trained in first aid on the scene, first aid being provided by bystanders, and delayed calls to Emergency Medical Services increased injury risk. Overloaded vehicles, unsafe car modifications, no occupant safety equipment, and having unfixed seats were vehicular risks. Environmental risks included fixed objects on the roadside, no traffic lights, no guard rails, no traffic sign, road accident black spots, and hazardous objects roadside.Conclusions - Thailand must address all three temporal phases of the Haddon model and all three factors – human, vehicle and environment. At present traffic accidents cause much avoidable severe injury and death. The Haddon matrix is useful to structure road traffic investigations, revealing multi-level factors common on Thai roads. Keywords: Road traffic injury, Risk factor, Road traffic investigation, Haddon matrix

scholarly journals Bibliometric analysis of road traffic injuries research in the Gulf Cooperation Council region

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Muhammad Butt ◽  
Murtaza Ashiq ◽  
Shafiq Ur Rehman ◽  
Khurram Shahid Minhas ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Background: Despite governmental interventions, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region continues to experience higher road traffic crash and fatality rates relative to Western nations. This trend suggests a potential disconnect between Road Traffic Injuries (RTI) research and the mitigation measures put in place. Method: Here, we present an in-depth bibliometric analysis to obtain a comprehensive understanding of RTI research in the GCC region. The Web of Science database was used to search and retrieve the relevant articles during the period of 1981-2019. Results: The volume of RTI research increased from 2015–2019, suggesting an increased focus on traffic safety in the GCC region. Saudi Arabia had the highest RTI research productivity level (126 publications); Bahrain had the lowest (7 publications). Inconsistent with its low publication volume, Hammad Medical Corps of Qatar had the highest citation impact score of 16.33. Global collaboration for RTI research was highest between Saudi Arabia and the United States. The most prevalent publication journal for the region was Accident Analysis and Prevention. The most common keywords were “road traffic accidents” and “road traffic injuries”; terms such as “mobile phones”, “pedestrian safety”, “pedestrians”, and “distracted driving” were least common. In the five most productive GCC nations with respect to RTI research (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, and Oman), researchers tended to publish works related to road traffic safety in traffic safety-oriented journals. Conclusions: The quantity and quality of RTI publications in GCC is insufficient to meet the increasing related public health and economic burden in the region. The trends among publication volumes, citations, and impact were inconsistent. There is a lack of research collaboration among the institutions. Most of the research related to RTI is being conducted by researchers with a medical background. Research focusing on pedestrians, cyclists and road user behavior is also inadequate.

Visibility of an in-ground signal when texting while walking

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1933-1937
Author(s):  
Eunjee Kim ◽  
Hyorim Kim ◽  
Yujin Kwon ◽  
Gwanseob Shin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Contrast Level ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Pedestrian Accidents ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Signal Detection Task

An increase in pedestrian accidents associated with smartphone use has been one of the main issues in road traffic safety research and administration. Recently, traffic lights and safety signs embedded in the ground have been introduced, but without sufficient scientific consideration. A laboratory experiment evaluated the visibility of an in-ground signal while varying its contrast and position. Twenty-three participants performed a signal detection task when conducting texting while walking on a treadmill. The signals were displayed randomly onto the ground one at a time at three different positions with three different contrasts levels and moved towards a participant. In results, the approaching signals were detected 1.7 m ~ 2.9 m in front of participants, and there were significant differences in the visibility between contrast levels and positions (p<.01). The findings suggest the importance of proper contrast level and placement when installing in- ground signals for improving their visibility by smartphone users.

Approaching autonomous driving with cautious optimism: analysis of road traffic injuries involving autonomous vehicles based on field test data

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2019-043402
Author(s):  
Wanbao Ye ◽  
Chuanlin Wang ◽  
Fuxiang Chen ◽  
Shuzhen Yan ◽  
Liping Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users ◽  
Poor Lighting

ObjectivesTo examine the patterns and associated factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) involving autonomous vehicles (AVs) and to discuss the public health implications and challenges of autonomous driving.MethodsData were extracted from the reports of traffic crashes involving AVs. All the reports were submitted to the California Department of Motor Vehicles by manufacturers with permission to operate AV test on public roads. Descriptive analysis and χ2 analysis or Fisher’s exact test was conducted to describe the injury patterns and to examine the influencing factors of injury outcomes, respectively. Binary logistic regression using the Wald test was employed to calculate the OR, adjusted OR (AOR) and 95% CIs. A two-tailed probability (p<0.05) was adopted to indicate statistical significance.Results133 reports documented 24 individuals injured in 19 crashes involving AVs, with the overestimated incidence rate of 18.05 per 100 crashes. 70.83% of the injured were AV occupants, replacing vulnerable road users as the leading victims. Head and neck were the most commonly injured locations. Driving in poor lighting was at greater risk of RTIs (AOR 6.37, 95% CI 1.47 to 27.54). Collisions with vulnerable road users or incidents happening during commute periods led to a greater number of victims (p<0.05). Autonomous mode cannot perform better than conventional mode in road traffic safety to date (p=0.468).ConclusionsPoor lighting improvement and the regulation of commute-period traffic and vulnerable road users should be strengthened for AV-related road safety. So far AVs have not demonstrated the potential to dramatically reduce RTIs. Cautious optimism about AVs is more advisable, and multifaceted efforts, including legislation, smarter roads, and knowledge dissemination campaigns, are fairly required to accelerate the development and acceptance.

scholarly journals Perception of Law Enforcement Officers on Preventing Road Traffic Injury in Vanuatu: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saen Fanai ◽  
Masoud Mohammadnezhad ◽  
Mosese Salusalu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Background: Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) cause approximately 1. 35 million deaths annually, and is the leading cause of death among people between ages 5 and 29. Law Enforcement Officers (LEOs) deal with Road Traffic Collisions (RTCs) and have contact with RTI victims at a daily basis, they possess an excellent perspective on preventing RTI. This study aimed to explore LEOs perceptions on risk factors and preventive measures of RTI in Vanuatu.Methods: This study employed qualitative methods that used Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to gather data from 25 LEOs between October 14th and November 30th, 2020. Self-identified Ni-Vanuatu LEOs who have been serving for over 6 months and residing at the study setting were included in this study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit study participants from three municipalities in Vanuatu. A semi-structured open ended questionnaire was designed to guide the FGDs. Data obtained were sorted out using thematic analysis processed with some preconceived themes based on theory, and also allowing the data to determine new themes.Results: Data saturation was reached from conducting 5 FGDs with 25 LEOs who were traffic officers and municipal wardens. Five main themes and sixteen subthemes were generated from the study. The main themes include driving and alcohol, the challenges to effective enforcement, barriers to effective care and support for RTI victims, measures for road traffic control and promoting road traffic safety. The respondents perceived that addressing resources issues and the legislations on road traffic control act and vehicle regulation act will enhance prevention of RTI.Conclusion: This study explored the risk factors of RTI and the barriers to effectively prevent RTI in Vanuatu. The study also generated suggestions of a combination of road traffic control measures that could be implemented to prevent RTI. Future research should look at effective strategies of preventing RTIs in resource deficit settings.

scholarly journals Basic Methodology of Traffic Management for the Street and Road Network of a Large City with Traffic Lights Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
S. V. Vitolin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Large City ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Network Load

The objective of the article is to develop a system of principles and methods aimed at improving management of transport flows on the street and road network of a large city with traffic lights regulation. The suggested methodology is based on the methods used in Russia and abroad to improve road traffic safety and quality, results of a survey of experts in the field of road design and traffic management, monitoring at regulated crossings, and analysis of road accidents in the city of Volgograd. The primary customer property of a regulated crossing is road safety. Elimination of causes of road traffic accidents associated with road traffic, structural geometric, signalling, and technical conditions is the most important task regarding a regulated crossing. Enhancing road traffic quality at low levels of network load supposed considering demand for transportation, increase in travel comfort, coordination, and flexibility of traffic lights operation. High degree of network load supposes that more attention is paid to traffic capacity of the street and road network elements, restrained access of vehicles to areas of greater congestion, increased duration of a green light cycle (for more than 120 seconds, if this does not affect traffic safety and network congestion degree).

scholarly journals Bibliometric analysis of road traffic injuries research in the Gulf Cooperation Council region

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1155
Author(s):  
Farhan Muhammad Butt ◽  
Murtaza Ashiq ◽  
Shafiq Ur Rehman ◽  
Khurram Shahid Minhas ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Background: Despite governmental interventions, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region continues to experience higher road traffic crash and fatality rates relative to Western nations. This trend suggests a potential disconnect between Road Traffic Injuries (RTI) research and the mitigation measures put in place. Method: Here, we present an in-depth bibliometric analysis to obtain a comprehensive understanding of RTI research in the GCC region. The Web of Science database was used to search and retrieve the relevant articles during the period of 1981-2019. Results: The volume of RTI research increased from 2015–2019, suggesting an increased focus on traffic safety in the GCC region. Saudi Arabia had the highest RTI research productivity level (126 publications); Bahrain had the lowest (7 publications). Inconsistent with its low publication volume, Hammad Medical Corps of Qatar had the highest citation impact score of 16.33. Global collaboration for RTI research was highest between Saudi Arabia and the United States. The most prevalent publication journal for the region was Accident Analysis and Prevention. The most common keywords were “road traffic accidents” and “road traffic injuries”; terms such as “mobile phones”, “pedestrian safety”, “pedestrians”, and “distracted driving” were least common. In the five most productive GCC nations with respect to RTI research (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, and Oman), researchers tended to publish works related to road traffic safety in traffic safety-oriented journals. Conclusions: The quantity and quality of RTI publications in GCC is insufficient to meet the increasing related public health and economic burden in the region. The trends among publication volumes, citations, and impact were inconsistent. There is a lack of research collaboration among the institutions. Most of the research related to RTI is being conducted by researchers with a medical background. Research focusing on pedestrians, cyclists and road user behavior is also inadequate.

Safety Enhancement by Automated Driving: What are the Relevant Scenarios?

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1686-1690
Author(s):  
Niklas Grabbe ◽  
Michael Höcher ◽  
Alexander Thanos ◽  
Klaus Bengler
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Vehicle Automation ◽  
Safety Enhancement

Automated driving offers great possibilities in traffic safety advancement. However, evidence of safety cannot be provided by current validation methods. One promising solution to overcome the approval trap (Winner, 2015) could be the scenario-based approach. Unfortunately, this approach still results in a huge number of test cases. One possible way out is to show the current, incorrect path in the argumentation and strategy of vehicle automation, and focus on the systemic mechanisms of road traffic safety. This paper therefore argues the case for defining relevant scenarios and analysing them systemically in order to ultimately reduce the test cases. The relevant scenarios are based on the strengths and weaknesses, in terms of the driving task, for both the human driver and automation. Finally, scenarios as criteria for exclusion are being proposed in order to systemically assess the contribution of the human driver and automation to road safety.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document