scholarly journals Energy Potential of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fiber from Subsequent Cultivation of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.) Singer

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13008
Author(s):  
Noor Azrimi Umor ◽  
Sumaiyah Abdullah ◽  
Azhar Mohamad ◽  
Shahrul Bin Ismail ◽  
Siti Izera Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Fuel Pellet ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Volvariella Volvacea ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Methane Potential

EFB and EFB-based mushroom compost (SMC) from Volvariella volvacea cultivation is a promising energy feedstock because it has adequate nutrient quality. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) and calorific value (CV) of this biomass are investigated. Other analyses such as proximate, compositional, and final analysis; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are also performed. The biomass samples consist of two types of EFB, namely fibers (F) and pellets (P) and SMC from the subsequent cultivation of Volvariella volvacea, with samples FS and PS from the first cultivation and FS2 and PS2 from the second cultivation. P produces the highest biological efficiency (BE) of 28% compared to 9.83% for F. Subsequent cultivation with FS and PS then produces only 2.9 and 6.83% of BE. A higher amount of methane is measured in samples P and PS2, while better biodegradability is observed in PS2 and FS2, suggesting that subsequent cultivation is a good pretreatment of the substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD). CV is highest in F (20.57 MJ/kg), followed by P (19.06 MJ/kg), which is comparable to commercial wood pellet. Samples F, FS, and FS2 have higher ash content, which is due to higher mineral content. The cellulose composition is reduced to almost 50% during cultivation due to fungal metabolism, which is also evidenced by FTIR analysis. TGA analysis revealed that EFB-based SMC exhibits higher weight loss during combustion compared to EFB, which reduces its thermal properties. SMC of EFB is a high potential biomethane feedstock, but not recommended as a fuel pellet.

Increasing the sludge energy potential of wastewater treatment plants by introducing fine mesh sieves for primary treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarne Paulsrud ◽  
Bjørn Rusten ◽  
Bjørn Aas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Methane Potential

The objective of this study was to compare some basic characteristics of sludge from fine mesh sieves (sieve sludge) with sludge from primary clarifiers (primary sludge) regarding their energy potential with a focus on anaerobic digestion and/or incineration. Nineteen samples of sludge from fine mesh sieve plants (most of them without fine screens and grit chambers as pre-treatment) and 10 samples of primary sludge were analysed for the content of dry solids (DS), volatile solids (VS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), calorific value and methane potential. The results demonstrated that the sieve sludges have significantly higher VS content and higher methane potential than primary sludges, clearly indicating an increased sludge energy potential if fine mesh sieves are used for primary treatment instead of primary clarifiers at wastewater treatment plants with anaerobic digesters. If the sludges from primary treatment are to be incinerated or used as fuel in cement kilns, there is no significant difference in energy potential (given as calorific values) for the two types of primary treatment.

Comparative biochemical methane potential of some varieties of residual banana biomass and renewable energy potential

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Awedem Wobiwo ◽  
Thomas Happi Emaga ◽  
Elie Fokou ◽  
Maurice Boda ◽  
Sebastien Gillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Methane Potential

INFLUENCE OF FREEZING/THAWING AND DRYING/MILLING ON BIOCHEMICAL METHANE POTENTIAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536
Author(s):  
Jin Mi Triolo ◽  
Sven Gjedde Sommer ◽  
Lene Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential

scholarly journals Batch Anaerobic Co-Digestion and Biochemical Methane Potential Analysis of Goat Manure and Food Waste

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Ayobami Orangun ◽  
Harjinder Kaur ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Models ◽  
The Us ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

The improper management of goat manure from concentrated goat feeding operations and food waste leads to the emission of greenhouse gasses and water pollution in the US. The wastes were collected from the International Goat Research Center and a dining facility at Prairie View A&M University. The biochemical methane potential of these two substrates in mono and co-digestion at varied proportions was determined in triplicates and processes were evaluated using two nonlinear regression models. The experiments were conducted at 36 ± 1 °C with an inoculum to substrate ratio of 2.0. The biomethane was measured by water displacement method (pH 10:30), absorbing carbon dioxide. The cumulative yields in goat manure and food waste mono-digestions were 169.7 and 206.0 mL/gVS, respectively. Among co-digestion, 60% goat manure achieved the highest biomethane yields of 380.5 mL/gVS. The biodegradabilities of 33.5 and 65.7% were observed in goat manure and food waste mono-digestions, while 97.4% were observed in the co-digestion having 60% goat manure. The modified Gompertz model is an excellent fit in simulating the anaerobic digestion of food waste and goat manure substrates. These findings provide useful insights into the co-digestion of these substrates.

scholarly journals Rapid Biochemical Methane Potential Evaluation of Anaerobic Co-Digestion Feedstocks Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1460
Author(s):  
Jinming Liu ◽  
Changhao Zeng ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Jianfei Shi ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Variable Selection ◽  
Root Mean Square Error ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential

Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD) feedstocks is an essential basis for optimizing ratios of materials. Given the time-consuming shortage of conventional BMP tests, a rapid estimated method was proposed for BMP of co-AD—with straw and feces as feedstocks—based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometrics. Partial least squares with several variable selection algorithms were used for establishing calibration models. Variable selection methods were constructed by the genetic simulated annealing algorithm (GSA) combined with interval partial least squares (iPLS), synergy iPLS, backward iPLS, and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), respectively. By comparing the modeling performances of characteristic wavelengths selected by different algorithms, it was found that the model constructed using 57 characteristic wavelengths selected by CARS-GSA had the best prediction accuracy. For the validation set, the determination coefficient, root mean square error and relative root mean square error of the CARS-GSA model were 0.984, 6.293 and 2.600, respectively. The result shows that the NIRS regression model—constructed with characteristic wavelengths, selected by CARS-GSA—can meet actual detection requirements. Based on a large number of samples collected, the method proposed in this study can realize the rapid and accurate determination of the BMP for co-AD raw materials in biogas engineering.

scholarly journals Biochemical Methane Potential of Cork Boiling Wastewater at Different Inoculum to Substrate Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3064
Author(s):  
Roberta Mota-Panizio ◽  
Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez ◽  
Luis Carmo-Calado ◽  
Gonçalo Lourinho ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Duque de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Cork Industry

The present study evaluates the digestion of cork boiling wastewater (CBW) through a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. BMP assays were carried out with a working volume of 600 mL at a constant mesophilic temperature (35 °C). The experiment bottles contained CBW and inoculum (digested sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)), with a ratio of inoculum/substrate (Ino/CBW) of 1:1 and 2:1 on the basis of volatile solids (VSs); the codigestion with food waste (FW) had a ratio of 2/0.7:0.3 (Ino/CBW:FW) and the codigestion with cow manure (CM) had a ratio of 2/0.5:0.5 (Ino/CBW:CM). Biogas and methane production was proportional to the inoculum substrate ratio (ISR) used. BMP tests have proved to be valuable for inferring the adequacy of anaerobic digestion to treat wastewater from the cork industry. The results indicate that the biomethane potential of CBWs for Ino/CBW ratios 1:1 and 2:1 is very low compared to other organic substrates. For the codigestion tests, the test with the Ino/CBW:CM ratio of 2/0.7:0.3 showed better biomethane yields, being in the expected values. This demonstrated that it is possible to perform the anaerobic digestion (AD) of CBW using a cosubstrate to increase biogas production and biomethane and to improve the quality of the final digestate.

scholarly journals Optimizing anaerobic co-digestion of goat manure and cotton gin trash using biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and mathematical modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjinder Kaur ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Batch Bioreactors ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model ◽  
Cotton Gin

AbstractAnaerobic co-digestion is widely adopted to enhance process efficacy by balancing the C/N ratio of the feedstock while converting organic wastes to biomethane. Goat manure (GM) and cotton gin trash (CGT) were anaerobically co-digested in triplicate batch bioreactors. The process was optimized and evaluated utilizing mathematical equations. The liquid fraction of the digestate was analyzed for nitrate and phosphate. The co-digestions with 10 and 20% CGT having the C/N ratios of 17.7 and 19.8 yielded the highest and statistically similar 261.4 ± 4.8 and 262.6 ± 4.2 mL/gvs biomethane, respectively. The biodegradability (BD) of GM and CGT was 94.5 ± 2.7 and 37.6 ± 0.8%, respectively. The BD decreased proportionally with an increase in CGT percentage. The co-digestion having 10% CGT yielded 80–90% of biomethane in 26–39 d. The modified Gompertz model-predicted and experimental biomethane values were similar. The highest synergistic effect index of 15.6 ± 4.7% was observed in GM/CGT; 30:70 co-digestion. The concentration of nitrate and phosphate was lower in the liquid fraction of digestate than the feedstocks, indicating that these nutrients stay in the solid fraction. The results provide important insights in agro-waste management, further studies determining the effects of effluent application on plants need to be conducted.

Comparison of two gas volume measurement systems by evaluating biochemical methane potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odorico Konrad ◽  
Camila Hasan ◽  
Munique Marder ◽  
Lucas Zulian ◽  
Marildo Guerini Filho
Keyword(s):  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Gas Volume

Determination of methane yield of cellulose using different experimental setups

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Ivo Achu Nges ◽  
Mihaela Nistor ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Test System ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Potential Test

In this work, biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests with cellulose as a model substrate were performed with the aid of three manually operated or conventional experimental setups (based on manometer, water column and gas bag) and one automated apparatus specially designed for analysis of BMP. The methane yields were 340 ± 18, 354 ± 13, 345 ± 15 and 366 ± 5 ml CH4/g VS obtained from experimental setups with manometer, water column, gas bag, and automatic methane potential test system, which corresponded to a biodegradability of 82, 85, 83 and 88% respectively. The results demonstrated that the methane yields of cellulose obtained from conventional and automatic experimental setups were comparable; however, the methane yield obtained from the automated apparatus showed greater precision. Moreover, conventional setups for the BMP test were more time- and labour-intensive compared with the automated apparatus.

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