scholarly journals Optimizing Yield and Quality of Silage and Hay for Pea–Barley Mixtures Ratio under Irrigated Arid Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13621
Author(s):  
Walid Soufan ◽  
Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Yield And Quality

The changing climate, water scarcity, reduction in the land area under forage crops, expanding ruminant population, burgeoning demands for milk and meat production and food security concerns all insist on a necessary increase in forage production and quality. Cereal–legume mixed intercropping offers a biologically superior option to boost herbage yield and quality of preserved fodder (hay and silage), provided that rationalization of the component crop’s proportional ratio is performed. Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine the forage yield and quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) mixtures at the ratios 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. The experiment was laid out in the regular arrangement of a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results exhibited that forage quality was significantly affected by the mixture ratio. There was a significant improvement in protein, fiber rate and digestibility from the mixture. The ratios of barley and pea with 50:50 and 25:75 produced the maximum productivity and the best quality of forage. Regarding forage preservation, silage recorded higher contents of crude protein, ash and lower fiber contents than hay. Among seed mixtures, 0:100 ratio of barley–pea yielded the highest quality of silage with the maximum crude protein, ash and digestibility with lowest fiber contents.

scholarly journals Forage yield and quality of a dense thorny and thornless "jurema-preta" stand

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivonete Alves Bakke ◽  
Olaf Andreas Bakke ◽  
Alberício Pereira Andrade ◽  
Ignacio Hernan Salcedo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The objective of this work was to compare forage production and quality of thorny and thornless "jurema-preta" (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret) in a dense planted stand, subjected to annual pruning of fine branches, in Patos, PB, Brazil. The experiment consisted of two treatments (thornless and thorny "jurema-preta") in a complete randomized block design, with ten replicates of two linear plots subdivided in time. Forage mass and chemical composition of fine branches and the basal diameter of plants were measured during five years. Pruning decreased (p<0.05) increments in basal diameter and forage production. Annual dry matter yields reached 4,108 and 5,833 kg ha-1, respectively, for thornless and thorny plants, and forage quality was similar (p>0.05) for both genotypes. This roughage fodder (minimum NDF and ADF averages were 56±1.1% and 43±1.0%, respectively) had low P and K concentrations. Its average crude protein content was greater than 9.9±0.5%, which exceeds the minimum necessary for animal maintenance. Both "jurema-preta" genotypes tolerated pruning of fine branches and contributed with a significant amount of roughage fodder for animal maintenance in the dry season.

Yield and quality of forage from intercrops of barley and annual ryegrass

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Thompson ◽  
D. G. Stout ◽  
Z. Mir ◽  
T. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
South Central

Three spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and four annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) types were intercropped to evaluate the potential yield and quality of forage which can be produced under irrigation in southern interior B.C. All treatments were intercrops; when barley cultivar effects are described they are averaged over the ryegrasses and vice versa. Barley cultivars differed in grain maturity. Ryegrass cultivars included diploid and tertraploid Italian and Westerwolds types. Intercrops including late grain maturing barley cultivars (Samson and Virden) increased the yield of the first silage cut (both by 25% over 2 yr) compared to Diamond, a medium-maturing cultivar adapted to the area. Intercrops containing the semi-dwarf barley, Samson, produced more digestible forage including higher in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) and lower ADF and lignin. Annual ryegrass yield in the first cut intercropped with Samson was almost twice that with either Diamond or Virden, showing that Samson barley is less competitive. Second-cut yield (ryegrass regrowth) was greater for tetraploid than diploid annual ryegrasses. Yields of fall pasture (cuts 3 and 4) were similar among ryegrass cultivars. Cuts 2 and 3 (ryegrass only) of Italian ryegrasses had superior quality (higher IVDDM and protein; and lower ADF, lignin, and NDF) to Westerwolds ryegrassses, but all cultivars had similar quality in the late fall (Cut 4). It was concluded that a range of barley and annual ryegrass cultivars can be successfully intercropped to produce forage in south central B.C.Key words: Intercropping, barley annual ryegrass, forage yield and quality

Effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of fodder maize

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
B. B. Singh ◽  
Ravendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Yield And Quality

A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Agricultural Botany, Janta Mahavidiyalaya Ajeetmal, Auraiya (C. S. J. M. University, Kanpur) during 2014, to evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of fodder maize. 3 treatments were taken up (viz.,T1 75, T2 100 and T3 125 kg nitrogen ha-1 along with control (T0).Plant height, dry matter accumulations (t ha-1), forage yield (t ha-1) increased with increasing levels of nitrogen, while stem diameters (cm), leaf area (cm2), fresh weight (g), crude protein percent decreased with increasing levels of nitrogen.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF HERBAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF DIFFERENT SOYBEAN VARIETIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yasin Akinci ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield

Objectives of the present study are to determine the variations in forage yield and quality of soybean cultivars. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications during the growing season of 2016. A total of 10 cultivars were used as the plant material of the experiments (Bravo, A3127, Traksoy, İlksoy, Mersoy, Nova, SA-88, Arısoy, Safir, Atakişi). Cultivars had a significant effect on yield and chemical composition. Results revealed that green herbage yields varied between 826.39 - 1199.17 kg/da, dry hay yields between 247.71 - 357.90 kg/da, crude protein yields between 16.91 - 39.86 kg/da, acid detergent fiber (ADF) ratios between 26.56 - 34.61%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratios between 38.43 - 44.85%, crude ash contents between 7.20 - 11.22%, crude protein contents between 6.66 - 13.53%, dry matter digestibility (DDM) values between 61.94 - 68.21%, dry matter intake (DMI) values between 2.68 - 3.12% and relative feed values (RFV) between 2.68 - 3.12. The results of the study showed that A3127 cultivar was found to be prominent with green herbage yield (1199.17 kg/da) and dry hay yield (357.90 kg/da) and Safir cultivar was found to be prominent with crude protein yield (39.86 kg/da). It was concluded that the soybean cultivars A3127 and Safir could be recommended for hay production.

scholarly journals Boot Stage Forage Yield and Quality of Pearl Millet as Influenced by Organo-mineral Fertilizer Rates in Humid Rainforest Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
A. J. Ajayi ◽  
G. O. Ajayi ◽  
S. I. Nwagbara
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Yield And Quality

An experiment was conducted at the experimental site of Federal College of Agriculture, Akure to investigate the effects of different levels of organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF) on forage yield and quality of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R.Br). The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Five levels of OMF at 0 (control), 1, 2, 3, 4t/ha and 100 kg/ha N.P.K. 15:15:15 were used. Pearl millet seeds were sown at the rate of 10 kg/ha. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the plant height, fresh and dry forage yield obtained at boot stage. The following ranges were obtained in the investigated traits among the fertilizer applications; plant height 1.08-2.54 m, fresh forage yield 24.37-59.10t/ha and dry matter yield of 4.25-10.67 t/ha. Quality parameters (CP, CF, EE, NFE and Ash) showed significant increase with higher levels of OMF applied. The ranges obtained were: CP 8.56-13.32%, EE 15.82-16.1%, EE 7.14-8.69%, Ash 11.46-16.07%, NFE 33.38-44.48 and moisture content 9.49-11.58%. The study concludes that organo-mineral fertilizer application at 4t/ha is particularly effective in improving the forage yield and quality of pearl millet.

An investigation on improved source population for the alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) breeding

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebahattin Albayrak ◽  
Mehmet Oten ◽  
Mevlut Turk ◽  
Mehmet Alagoz
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

The aim of the research was to determine the forage yield and quality of thirty alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes. Plots were established in 2014 in Isparta, Turkey, in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Five cuttings were done during the 2015, 2016 and 2017. The dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and relative feed value (RFV) were determined. According to the three years average results, significant differences were determined for all parameters. Alfalfa genotypes viz., Cay-1, Cay-2, Keciborlu-1 and Keciborlu-3 were selected for alfalfa breeding program due to their superior yield and quality features.

scholarly journals Forage Yield and Silage Quality of Intercropped Maize+Soybean With Different Relative Maturity Cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Vanderson Vieira Batista ◽  
Paulo Fernando Adami ◽  
Laercio Ricardo Sartor ◽  
Magali Floriano Da Silveira ◽  
André Brugnara Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Total Crude Protein

The success of maize+soybean intercrop depends on the correct synchronism between species phenological stages at the silage point. Due to it, the experiment was carried out to evaluate maize+soybean intercrop forage yield and silage quality using crops with different maturity cycle combination. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with a 2 &times; 3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of two maize hybrids (1: P1630YHR-early cycle and 2: middle cycle P30F53VYHR) and two soybean cultivars (P95R51-maturity cycle of 5.1; TMG7062-maturity cycle of 6.2) and one control represented by maize monocrop. Silage harvesting was performed when maize had reached 2/3 milk line stage. Intercropping soybean into maize did not affect its biomass yield. Both soybean cultivars present compatible cycles for ensiling together with maize hybrids, since they were in phenological stages from R5.3 to R7 by the time maize was at its optimum stage for ensiling. There was interaction between species for the soybean biomass yield. Maize hybrid P30F53 produced higher biomass yield than P1630 what also resulted in higher amount of total crude protein yield. Intercrop P1630-P95R51 produced 458 Kg ha-1 of crude protein more than maize monocrop. Maize+soybean intercropping system results in higher silage crude protein percentage and yield per area (Kg of CP ha-1).

scholarly journals Effects of hybrid and row spacing on maize forage yield and quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iptas ◽  
A.A. Acar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Whole Plant

This study was conducted to determine the effect of row spacing (40, 60 and 80 cm) on forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality of four hybrids grown in the years 2001 and 2002. The highest DM yield was obtained from the Arifiye (24.1 and 22.4 t/ha) while the lowest DM yield was obtained from Pioneer 3163 (19.9 and 19.8 t/ha) in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. As row spacing increased, DM yield as an average of two years decreased from 27.2 to 16.6 t/ha. No differences were found among row spacing for DM content, harvest index (HI) and ear content. As row spacing increased, whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content increased from 214 to 227 g/kg and from 420 to 451 g/kg during the year 2001, respectively. However, ADF content decreased from 281 to 267 g/kg and NDF contents decreased from 530 to 515 g/kg with increasing row spacing during the year 2002. In this study, hybrids showed distinct differences for crude protein, ADF and NDF contents in both years. Forage quality parameter including ADF and NDF of Pioneer 3163, TTM 8119 and Karadeniz Yildizi were higher than Arifiye hybrid.

Response of forage yield and quality to thinning and fertilization of young forests: implications for silvopasture management

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pontus M.F. Lindgren ◽  
Thomas P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
South Central ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Young Forests

Integration of trees with forage and livestock production (silvopastoralism) could increase productivity of forest and range resources in western North America. Pre-commercial thinning (PCT) and fertilization are two silvicultural practices that could enhance silvopasture. We tested two hypotheses (H): that yield and quality of forage would be enhanced by (H1) heavy thinning (PCT) to ≤1000 stems·ha−1 and by (H2) repeated fertilization in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) stands. Study areas were located near Summerland and Kelowna in south-central British Columbia, Canada. Each study area had six treatments: three pairs of stands thinned to densities of ∼500 (low), ∼1000 (medium), and ∼2000 (high) stems·ha−1 with one stand of each pair fertilized five times at 2 year intervals. Forage yield was enhanced by PCT, but only within fertilized stands. Forage quality was generally not affected by PCT, except for crude protein of herbs that was poorer in heavily thinned stands. Fertilization tended to enhance forage yield and quality in the heavily thinned stands. Significantly improved quality of pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens Buckley) indicated that repeated fertilization, coupled with heavy thinning, may extend the period when high-quality forage is available, thereby allowing for increased stocking densities of cattle (Bos taurus L.) and perhaps extending the grazing season into the fall.

scholarly journals Forage yield and quality of three rainfed crops in four-row and six-row seedbeds using different fertilization methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-259
Author(s):  
Esteban Salvador Osuna-Ceja ◽  
◽  
José Pimentel-López ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-Gamiño ◽  
Benjamín Figueroa-Sandoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: In the temperate-semiarid region of Aguascalientes, Mexico, most of the rural population depends on rainfed agriculture related to the family milk production system. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different fertilization practices on forage yield and quality of three rainfed crops in four- and six-row seedbeds. Methodology: Five fertilization treatments were evaluated: T1) control (no fertilization), T2) chemical fertilization (40-40-00 kg·ha-1 of N-P-K), T3) mixture (28-40-00 kg·ha-1 and 26 kg of zeolite), T4) organic fertilizer (5 t·ha-1 of bovine manure) and T5) mycorrhiza (inoculation with 350 g·ha-1 of mycorrhizal substrate). Maize and sunflowers were planted in four rows, and sorghum in six rows. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. Results: Dry matter yield in relation to the control, in T2, T3 and T4 was 100, 84 and 26 % for maize, 123, 177 and 67 % for sunflowers, and 52, 49 and 91 % for sorghum, respectively. T5 was higher compared to T1, but without statistical difference. Forage quality of the three crops showed no increase, except for crude protein in T2 and T3. Limitations of the study: Results correspond to a single cycle (spring-summer). Originality: Good agronomic practices for forage production were established. Conclusions: Agronomic practices (minimum tillage, in situ rainwater harvesting, sowing methods and fertilization) generate a positive effect on yield and forage quality in rainfed crops.

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