scholarly journals A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study Assessing Self-Reported Adverse Events following Immunization (AEFI) of the COVID-19 Vaccine in Bangladesh

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1090
Author(s):  
Arifa Sultana ◽  
Saimon Shahriar ◽  
Md. Rafat Tahsin ◽  
Sabiha Rahman Mim ◽  
Kazi Rubiya Fatema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Common

Background: The Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine (Covishield) was the first to be introduced in Bangladesh to fight the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. As this vaccine had shown some side-effects in its clinical trial, we aimed to conduct a study assessing short-term adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) in Bangladesh. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on social and electronic media platforms by delivering an online questionnaire among people who had taken at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The collected data were then analysed to evaluate various parameters related to the AEFIs of the respondents. Results: A total of 626 responses were collected. Of these, 623 were selected based on complete answers and used for the analysis. Most of the respondents were between 30–60 years of age, and 40.4% were female. We found that a total of 8.5% of the total respondents had been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Our survey revealed that out of 623 volunteers, 317 reported various side-effects after taking the vaccine, which is about 50.88% of the total participants. The majority of participants (37.07%, 231/623) reported swelling and pain at the injection site and fever (25.84%, 162/623); these were some of the common localized and generalized symptoms after the COVID-19 vaccine administration. Conclusion: The side-effects reported after receiving the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine (Covishield) are similar to those reported in clinical trials, demonstrating that the vaccines have a safe therapeutic window. Moreover, further research is needed to determine the efficacy of existing vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections or after-infection hospitalization.

scholarly journals Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nauman Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Global Pandemic

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) created a global pandemic (COVID-19) that has resulted in massive health and economic losses. The current unavailability of treatments leaves vaccination as the only way to control this disease. There are four vaccines (Sinopharm, Pfizer—BioNTech, Sputnik, and AstraZeneca) available in Bahrain. This project aimed to study the most common side effects resulting from the first and second doses of these four vaccines. Data were collected through an online questionnaire answered by 311 individuals who received both doses of one of these four vaccines. The results of this study revealed that regardless of the vaccine identity, participants experienced more side effects from the second dose. Among the different side effects, pain at the site of injection was primarily observed after the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine (43%), which was followed by the AstraZeneca vaccine (31%). Moreover, fever was observed in participants after the first dose of the Sputnik vaccine (37%), while headache was mainly observed after the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine (32%). It is important to note that fatigue was observed after the first dose of all four vaccines but was reported by the highest proportion of respondents in the Pfizer group (28%). Interestingly, there are some side effects, such as pain at the site of injection, that are correlated with fever (r = 0.909). Similarly, headache is correlated with fever (r = 0.801) and pain at the site of injection (r = 0.868). Overall, it was observed that recipients of the Sinopharm vaccine reported the mildest side effects among all four vaccines. The crucial finding of this study is that the first and second dosage post-vaccination side effects were modest and predictable with no occurrences of hospitalization; this information can assist in lessening vaccine apprehension.

scholarly journals Assessment of Saudi Parents’ Beliefs and Behaviors towards Management of Child Fever in Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5217
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al Arifi ◽  
Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Thermometer ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: Fever alone can lead to rare serious complications in children, such as febrile seizures. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and behavior of parents toward fever and its management. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was applied over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2018, to parents who were living in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria were a parent who is a resident of Saudi Arabia, with at least one child aged 6 years or less, while incomplete questionnaires, having a child aged more than 6 years, or parents who were not living in Saudi Arabia were excluded. Results: A total of 656 parents completed the questionnaire. More than two-thirds of the subjects were female, the majority of whom were aged between 25–33 years old. The best-reported place to measure the temperature of children was the armpit (46%), followed by the ear (28%) and the mouth (10.7%). More than half of the parents considered their children feverish at a temperature of 38 °C. The majority of parents (79.7%) reported that the most serious side effects of fever were seizure, brain damage (39.3%), coma (29.9%), dehydration (29.7%), and death (25%). The most common method used to measure a child’s temperature was an electronic thermometer (62.3%). The most common antipyretic was paracetamol (84.5%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the good knowledge of parents in identifying a feverish temperature using the recommended route and tools for measuring body temperature.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Public Health Implications among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Health Facility in Enugu State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Nwoga Hope O ◽  
Ajuba Miriam O ◽  
Ezeoke Uche E
Keyword(s):  
Health Facility ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The Common ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Coronavirus is one of the emerging respiratory viruses that are known to cause diseases in humans. It causes a range of illnesses ranging from the common cold to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare workers in a tertiary health facility towards COVID 19 pandemic and also the perceived barrier to the control of the infection in a healthcare setting. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved all the healthcare workers (HCWs); (doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists) working in a tertiary health facility. Data from the doctors and laboratory scientists were gathered with an online questionnaire formulated in Google form.

scholarly journals Prophylactic use of Hydroxychloroquine among Physicians working in Pandemic Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Gönenli ◽  
İlker Kayı ◽  
Nilüfer Alpay Kanıtez ◽  
Tuba Baydaş ◽  
Murat Köse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prophylactic Agent ◽  
Prophylactic Use

Abstract Background: Throughout the pandemic, physicians working at the frontlines have embarked on various quests to protect themselves, and many physicians preferred the use of hydroxychloroquine (HQN) as a prophylactic agent. This study aimed to investigate the reasons leading physicians to use HQN and the effects of HQN use on physicians.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study with a target population of physicians working in pandemic hospitals in İstanbul, Turkey. We have recruited the participants from seven different hospitals via an invitation email between May 14 and June 13, 2020. An online questionnaire, including 57 questions in total, was sent to each physician.Results: A total of 148 (26%) physicians used hydroxychloroquine for prevention. Older physicians and ones who have a story of exposure to COVID-19 patients without any protection used more prophylactic HQN. Hydroxychloroquine did not differ statistically in terms of being infected among the exposed physicians (p=0.52). Nineteen (13%) physicians using hydroxychloroquine developed side effects related to the drug. Diarrhea and nausea were the most common.Conclusion: Prophylactic HQN use was more common among the physicians older than 40 years and who had higher exposure rates to a COVID-19 patient without any protection. The physicians working at the frontlines had the highest rate of infection. Hydroxychloroquine was not effective in the prophylaxis of COVID-19 among the exposed physicians.

scholarly journals Demand for integrative medicine among women with breast and gynecological cancer: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Southern and Northern Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donata Grimm ◽  
Sofia Mathes ◽  
Linn Woelber ◽  
Caroline Van Aken ◽  
Barbara Schmalfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Tumor Site

Abstract Purpose The aim of this multicenter cross-sectional study was to analyze a cohort of breast (BC) and gynecological cancer (GC) patients regarding their interest in, perception of and demand for integrative therapeutic health approaches. Methods BC and GC patients were surveyed at their first integrative clinic visit using validated standardized questionnaires. Treatment goals and potential differences between the two groups were evaluated. Results 340 patients (272 BC, 68 GC) participated in the study. The overall interest in IM was 95.3% and correlated with older age, recent chemotherapy, and higher education. A total of 89.4% were using integrative methods at the time of enrolment, primarily exercise therapy (57.5%), and vitamin supplementation (51.4%). The major short-term goal of the BC patients was a side-effects reduction of conventional therapy (70.4%); the major long-term goal was the delay of a potential tumor progression (69.3%). In the GC group, major short-term and long-term goals were slowing tumor progression (73.1% and 79.1%) and prolonging survival (70.1% and 80.6%). GC patients were significantly more impaired by the side-effects of conventional treatment than BC patients [pain (p = 0.006), obstipation (< 0.005)]. Conclusion Our data demonstrate a high overall interest in and use of IM in BC and GC patients. This supports the need for specialized IM counseling and the implementation of integrative treatments into conventional oncological treatment regimes in both patient groups. Primary tumor site, cancer diagnosis, treatment phase, and side effects had a relevant impact on the demand for IM in our study population.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of using Prescribed & Unprescribed “Roaccutane (Isotretinoin)” among Females Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A Mahmoud ◽  
Reem A. Almohaini ◽  
Raghad A. Assiri ◽  
Reema A. Alkhatabi ◽  
Reema S. Alobaishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Aims: To determine the prevalence of using prescribed and unprescribed Isotretinoin and to assess knowledge of its adverse effects among females in Riyadh, SA. Study design:  cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: online questionnaire collected throughout two months by distributing the questionnaire via. social media platforms. Methodology: We included 385 female patients (age range 15-45 years) use Roaccutane (Isotretinoin) with or without prescribed.  Statistical analysis was performed using Rv 3.6.3. Counts and percentages was used to summarize the distribution of categorical variables and data. Chi-square test was used to estimate the association between categorical variables. Hypothesis testing was performed at a 5% level of significance. Results: 568 respondents completed the questionnaire. Of these, 440 were from Riyadh. The majority of respondents were aged 15 – 20 (46.4%) and 21 – 25 (35.2%). Knowledge regarding some side effects of Roaccutane was significantly higher in respondents who reported using Roaccutane than those who did not. Knowledge of dry and cracked lips as a side effect was significantly higher in users (91.9%) than non-users (73.1%). Similarly, knowledge regarding dry eyes, depression, continuous thirst, nose dryness, bleeds, and effect of Roaccutane on liver biochemical profile, lipid profile, and bones was higher in users than non-users, regarding the teratogenic effect of Roaccutane was insignificantly different between groups. Conclusion: Females in Riyadh are aware of the side effects of isotretinoin, particularly dryness of the skin, eyes, and lips. Yet there is insufficient knowledge regarding its teratogenic effect. Based on the reported results, a few participants obtained Roaccutane without a prescription from the doctor, and some obtained their information from unreliable sources (i.e., friends/relatives). Our results suggest good practice towards the prescription of isotretinoin.

Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
. Hemraj ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Sourabh Kosey ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Nalini Negi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

To determine the most common physical side effects experienced by local chemotherapy patients. Their perceptions of these side effects and informational needs from clinical pharmacists were also evaluated. This was a single center, observational cross-sectional study conducted at department of General Surgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. A face to face interview was conducted. Information collected included chemotherapy related side effects after last chemotherapy experience, the most worrisome side effects, overlooked by healthcare professionals and the preferred method, amount and source of receiving related information. In this study, hundred patients were enrolled out of them 48 were male and 52 were female. When differential calculations was done, common side effects or adverse effects of chemotherapy in the patients of breast, lung cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Lymphoma Cancer, Cervix cancer where there is much irregular medicine intake 57.4% may be due to common problem of joint pain reported by all the patients under study, with the consecutive problem of nausea and vomiting. The high prevalence of chemotherapy related side effects among local patients is a major concern and findings of their perceptions and informational needs may serve as a valuable guide for clinical pharmacists and physicians to help in side effect management. This study shows the common problems reported by the patients when they are suffering from cancer condition, according to their incidence perceptions as experienced by the patient, this will allow the physician and clinical pharmacist to effectively counsel and manage the common symptoms as reported prior to its occurrence in the patient, so that withdrawal can be checked.

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF SEPTOPLASTY AND PARTIAL INFERIOR TURBINOPLASTY

2017 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Thanh Thai Le ◽  
Phuong Nam Tran ◽  
Thi Ngan An Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Common

Aims: To study outcomes of septoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT) method, expecting leastsurgical equipment, good result, price rationalization. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. Including 40 patients treated by septoplasty and PIT method. Assessment had been made after 3 months post-op. Results: The common symptoms were nasal obstruction (100%), headache (40%). The deformities of nasal septalwere deviation (42.5%), crest (30%). There were 67.5% of patients with severe bilateral hypertrophic inferior turbinate, mostly over grade II, enlargement both soft and bone parts (60%). After 3 months, the nasal obstruction and headache presented good or great results in 90% of patients, 93.7% of patients had straight nasal septaland 90% hadsmall inferior turbinate.VAS: patients’s contentment was 100%. Conclusions: The study showed that septoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy presented good results with 87.5% after surgery and 90% after 3 months. Key words: septal deformity, hypertrophy inferior turbinate, septoplasty, partial inferior turbinectomy

scholarly journals SAT0330 NEW IMMUNOMODULATORY COMBINATION THERAPIES IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: A RETROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1110.1-1111
Author(s):  
J. Qiao ◽  
S. X. Zhang ◽  
T. T. Zhang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
M. T. Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocyte ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Background:Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma, SSc) is a rare complex connective tissue disease associated with high mortality and high morbidity1. Active SSc are typically treated with immunosuppressants, which may create a variety of severe side-effects, especially for long-term treatment2. As the pathogenesis of SSc is still a matter of debate, growing evidences have focused on the immune disorders3. However, the quantitative status of lymphocyte subsets in SSc patients are unclear and effects of immunomodulatory combination therapies (avoiding side-effects of conventional therapy) on the lymphocyte subsets are unknown.Objectives:To investigate the quantitative status of peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations and CD4+T subsets in SSc patients for the exploration of SSc pathogenesis and evaluate the effects of new immunomodulatory combination therapies on those cells.Methods:From July 2014 to December 2019, total 166 patients with SSc and 206 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study, in which, 79 follow-up patients received immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) such as low-dose interleukin-2, rapamycin, metformin, retinoic acid and coenzyme Q10. The absolute numbers of T, B, NK, CD4+T, CD8+T, Th1, Th2, Th17 and Tregs in peripheral blood of these subjects were detected by flow cytometry combined with standard absolute counting beads.Results:Patients with SSc had lower absolute counts of total T, NK, Th2, Th17 and Tregs as compared with those of HCs (P<0.05) (Figure 1). After immunomodulatory combination treatments, there were increases in a various of peripheral lymphocyte subsets such as T, B and CD8+T (P< 0.05). Moreover, the increased level of Tregs was much more dramatical than those of other lymphocyte subsets, resulting in the decrease ratios of Teffs/Tregs such as Th1/Tregs and Th2/Tregs and rebuilding immunologic equilibrium (Figure 2).Conclusion:This cross-sectional study clarified the abnormal status of lymphocyte subsets in SSc patients, suggesting lymphocyte subsets, especially Tregs, might be relevant and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of SSc, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for SSc patients. Immunomodulatory combination therapies effectively increase the level of Tregs as well as other lymphocytes to some degree and maintain the immunologic equilibrium, which may help for SSc patients’ symptom remission.References:[1]Denton CP, Khanna D. Systemic sclerosis. Lancet 2017;390(10103):1685-99. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30933-9 [published Online First: 2017/04/18][2]Winthrop KL, Weinblatt ME, Bathon J, et al. Unmet need in rheumatology: reports from the Targeted Therapies meeting 2019. Ann Rheum Dis 2020;79(1):88-93. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216151 [published Online First: 2019/10/31][3]Skaug B, Khanna D, Swindell WR, et al. Global skin gene expression analysis of early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis shows a prominent innate and adaptive inflammatory profile. Ann Rheum Dis 2019 doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215894 [published Online First: 2019/11/27]Acknowledgments :None.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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