scholarly journals Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Surveillance in breeding Herds and Nurseries Using Tongue Tips from Dead Animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Jordi Baliellas ◽  
Elena Novell ◽  
Vicens Enric-Tarancón ◽  
Carles Vilalta ◽  
Lorenzo Fraile
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sample ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Concordance Test ◽  
Syndrome Surveillance

The detection capacity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) in tongues from dead animals in breeding herds (stillborns and piglets dying during the lactating period) and nursery farms (naturally dead animals) for PRRSV surveillance was evaluated. The samples were selected if pairs of serum and tongues were available from 2018 to 2020. Serum (pools of five) and exudate from tongues (one bag) were analyzed by PRRSV RT-PCR. The agreement between the serum sample procedure versus tongues exudate was assessed using a concordance test (Kappa statistic) at batch level. A total of 32 submissions, corresponding to 14 farms, had PRRSV diagnostic information for serum and tongues exudate. The overall agreement of batch classification as positive or negative, based on RT-PCR PRRSV results, between serum and tongue exudate of the 32 pairs was 76.9%. Cohen’s Kappa was 0.55. The main discrepancy came from the presence of positive samples in tongues exudate and not in serum, suggesting that tongue exudate to monitor PRRSV seems to be more sensitive than serum. These results suggest that this sample procedure could be also used for PRRSV surveillance and monitoring.

scholarly journals Voice-Based Screening For SARS-CoV-2 Exposure In Cardiovascular Clinics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Sharma ◽  
Emily Oulousian ◽  
Jiayi Ni ◽  
Renato Lopes ◽  
Matthew Pellan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Strongly Agree

Abstract Aims Artificial intelligence (A.I) driven voice-based assistants may facilitate data capture in clinical care and trials; however, the feasibility and accuracy of using such devices in a healthcare environment are unknown. We explored the feasibility of using the Amazon Alexa (‘Alexa’) A.I. voice-assistant to screen for risk-factors or symptoms relating to SARS-CoV-2 exposure in quaternary care cardiovascular clinics. Methods We enrolled participants to be screened for signs and symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 exposure by a healthcare provider and then subsequently by the Alexa. Our primary outcome was interrater reliability of Alexa to healthcare provider screening using Cohen’s Kappa statistic. Participants rated the Alexa in a post-study survey (scale of 1 to 5 with 5 reflecting strongly agree). This study was approved by the McGill University Health Centre ethics board. Results We prospectively enrolled 215 participants. The mean age was 46 years (17.7 years standard deviation [SD]), 55% were female, and 31% were French speakers (others were English). In total, 645 screening questions were delivered by Alexa. The Alexa mis-identified one response. The simple and weighted Cohen’s kappa statistic between Alexa and healthcare provider screening was 0.989 (95% CI: 0.982, 0.997) and 0.992 (955 CI 0.985, 0.999) respectively. The participants gave an overall mean rating of 4.4 (out of 5, 0.9 SD). Conclusion Our study demonstrates the feasibility of an A.I. driven multilingual voice-based assistant to collect data in the context of SARS-CoV-2 exposure screening. Future studies integrating such devices in cardiovascular healthcare delivery and clinical trials are warranted. Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04508972

scholarly journals Development, Relative Validity and Reproducibility of the Aus-SDS (Australian Short Dietary Screener) in Adults Aged 70 Years and above

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelle M. Gadowski ◽  
Tracy A. McCaffrey ◽  
Stephane Heritier ◽  
Andrea J. Curtis ◽  
Natalie Nanayakkara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Acceptable Agreement ◽  
Dietary Screener ◽  
Good Agreement

The aim of this study was to assess the relative validity and reproducibility of a six-item Australian Short Dietary Screener (Aus-SDS). The Aus-SDS assessed the daily intake of core food groups (vegetables, fruits, legumes and beans, cereals, protein sources and dairy sources) in 100 Australians (52 males and 48 females) aged ≥70 years. Relative validity was assessed by comparing intakes from the Aus-SDS1 with an average of three 24-h recalls (24-HRs), and reproducibility using two administrations of the Aus-SDS (Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2). Cohen’s kappa statistic between the Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs showed moderate to good agreement, ranging from 0.44 for fruits and dairy to 0.64 for protein. There was poor agreement for legume intake (0.12). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated acceptable limits of agreement between the Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs for all food groups. Median intakes obtained from Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2 did not differ. For all food groups, Cohen’s kappa statistic ranged from 0.68 to 0.89, indicating acceptable agreement between the Aus-SDS1 and Aus-SDS2. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between Aus-SDS1 and 24-HRs across all food groups ranged from 0.64 for fruit to 0.83 for protein. We found the Aus-SDS to be a useful tool in assessing daily intake of core food groups in this population.

scholarly journals Kesesuaian Hasil Pemeriksaan RT PCR, RDT NS1, dan RDT IgM Pasien Penyakit Dengue

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Paisal Paisal ◽  
Mukhlis Zuardi ◽  
Reni Herman
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
The World ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Test Result

<p style="text-align: justify;">The incidence of dengue disease in the world is estimated at 390 million cases per year. In Indonesia, during 2013 there were 35-40 cases per 100.000 population, with a mortality rate of 0.73%. This study aimed to determine the suitability and the percentage of RT-PCR, RDT NS1, and RDT IgM detection examination. Samples were obtained from hospitals in Aceh province during 2012. The research samples reached 100 collected samples, it was only 82 samples that fulfill the analysis criteria. Cohen’s Kappa test result showed there was moderate suitability between RT-PCR and RDT NS1 (K=0,404, p = 0,000), and weak suitability between RT-PCR began RDT IgM (K=0,139, p = 0,046). While the percentage of detection for RT-PCR, RDT NS1, dan RDT IgM were 16%, 10%, and 60%. RDT IgM is the best alternative for laboratory examination in the hospital.

Cohen's Kappa Statistic: A Critical Appraisal and Some Modifications

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikas K. Sinha ◽  
Pornpis Yimprayoon ◽  
Montip Tiensuwan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Cohen's Kappa

scholarly journals Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Cystatin C versus Creatinine in a Uruguayan Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Lujambio ◽  
Mariana Sottolano ◽  
Leonella Luzardo ◽  
Sebastián Robaina ◽  
Nadia Krul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Serum Cystatin C ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
Cohen's Kappa

Background. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from biomarkers has evolved and multiple equations are available to estimate renal function at bedside.Methods. In a random sample of 119 Uruguayans (54.5% women; 56.2 years (mean)), we used Bland and Altman’s method and Cohen’s kappa statistic to assess concordance on a continuous or categorical (eGFR < 60versus≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) scale between eGFRcys(reference) and eGFR derived from serum creatinine according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (eGFRmdrd) or the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations (eGFRepi) or from both serum cystatin C and creatinine (eGFRmix).Results. In all participants, eGFRmdrd, eGFRepi, and eGFRmixwere, respectively, 9.7, 11.5, and 5.6 mL/min/1.73 m2higher (P<0.0001) than eGFRcys. The prevalence of eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2was the highest for eGFRcys(21.8%), intermediate for eGFRmix(11.8%), and the lowest for eGFRmdrd(5.9%) and eGFRepi(3.4%). Using eGFRcysas reference, we found only fair agreement with the equations based on creatinine (Cohen’s kappa statistic 0.15 to 0.23).Conclusion. Using different equations we reached clinically significant differences in the estimation of renal function. eGFRcysprovides lower estimates, resulting in higher prevalence of eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

scholarly journals Dicere Non Nocere: Public Disclosure of Identifiable Patient Information by Health Professionals on Social Media

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Katz ◽  
Wasim Ahmed ◽  
Thomas G. Gutheil ◽  
Reshma Jagsi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Privacy Breaches

AbstractBackgroundRespecting patient privacy and confidentiality is critical for doctor-patient relationships and public trust in medical professionals. The frequency of potentially identifiable disclosures online during periods of active engagement is unknown. Our aim was to quantify potentially identifiable content shared by physicians and other health care providers on social media using the hashtag #ShareAStoryInOneTweet.MethodsWe used Symplur Signals software to access Twitter’s API and searched for tweets including the hashtag. We identified 1206 tweets by doctors, nurses, and other health professionals out of 43,374 tweets shared May 1-31, 2018. We evaluated tweet content in January 2019, eight months after the study period. To determine the incidence of sharing names or potentially identifiable information about patients, we performed a content analysis of the 754 tweets in which tweets disclosed information about others. We also evaluated whether participants raised concerns about privacy breaches and estimated the frequency of deleted tweets. We used dual, blinded coding for a 10% sample to estimate inter-coder reliability for potential identifiability of tweet content using Cohen’s kappa statistic.Results656 participants, including 486 doctors (74.1%) and 98 nurses (14.9%), shared 754 tweets disclosing information about others rather than themselves. Professional participants sharing stories about patient care disclosed the time frame in 95 (12.6%) and included patient names in 15 (2.0%) of tweets. We estimated that friends or families could likely identify the clinical scenario described in 32.1% of the 754 tweets. Among 348 tweets about potentially living patients, we estimated 162 (46.6%) were likely identifiable by patients. Inter-coder reliability in rating the potential identifiability demonstrated 86.8% agreement, with a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.8 suggesting substantial agreement Of the 1206 tweets we identified, 78 (6.5%) had been deleted on the website but were still viewable in the analytics software dataset.ConclusionsDuring periods of active sharing online, nurses, physicians, and other health professionals may sometimes share more information than patients or families might expect. More study is needed to determine whether similar events arise frequently online and to understand how to best ensure that patients’ rights are adequately respected.

scholarly journals Field accuracy of HIV rapid diagnostic tests for blood donors screening, Bukavu, Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 471-476
Author(s):  
Théophile Mitima Kashosi ◽  
Céléstin Bisangamo Kyambikwa ◽  
Philémon Mbarabara Mulongo ◽  
Jean Bisimwa Nachega
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Hiv 1

Introduction: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used for point-of-care. point-of-care diagnosis of HIV infection in resource-limited settings. However, there are no data about their field diagnostic performance in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), especially in the context of blood banks screening for transfusion safety purpose. Methodology: Blood specimens were collected from blood donors in Bukavu, Eastern DRC, from May the 1st to June the 30th, 2015, to evaluate the accuracy of Alere Determine HIV-1/2, Trinity Biotech Uni‑Gold HIV, and DoubleCheckGold Ultra HIV 1& 2 compared to the laboratory-based 4th generation ELISA apDia HIV Ag/Ab assay. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and related 95% confidence intervals were calculated using MedCalc statistical software version 15.1. Reliability was evaluated using Cohen’s Kappa Statistic, κ. Results: Among 312 participants who provided blood bags, 96/312 (30.7%) were female and the mean age (SD) was 31.7 years (± 8.1years). Sensitivity for the three tests was 57.1% (95% CI: 18.4-90.1). The specificity was 99.7% (95% CI: 18.4-90.1) for Alere Determine HIV 1/2, 100% (95% CI: 98.8-100.0) for Uni-Gold HIV, and (100% (95% CI: 98.8-100.0) for DoubleCheckGold Ultra HIV 1&2. Cohen’s Kappa Statistic showed moderate agreement between the 4th generation ELISA apDia HIV Ag/Ab and RDTs Alere Determine HIV 1/2 and Uni-Gold HIV (κ = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.55- 0.76) but good agreement for DoubleCheckGold Ultra HIV1&2 (κ = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61 – 0.82). Conclusions: Compared to the laboratory-based ELISA apDia HIV Ag/Ab assay, the currently used 3rd generation HIV RDTs showed poor field accuracy results in a context of blood donors screening. These data support the need for 4th generation Ag-Ab RDTs in transfusion blood qualification.

scholarly journals Agreement Between Dribble and Change of Direction Deficits to Assess Directional Asymmetry in Young Elite Football Players

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athos Trecroci ◽  
Tindaro Bongiovanni ◽  
Luca Cavaggioni ◽  
Giulio Pasta ◽  
Damiano Formenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Potential Difference ◽  
Directional Asymmetry ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Task Specificity ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Agreement

This study aimed to examine the agreement between asymmetries of dribble and change of direction (COD) deficits and to determine their potential difference to each other. Sixteen young elite football players were recruited and tested for sprint (over 10 m), dribbling (90°CODdribbling) and COD (90°CODrunning) performance in dominant (fastest) and non-dominant (slowest) directions. Dribble and COD deficits were computed to express dribbling and COD ability without the influence of acceleration. The asymmetric index (AI%) of both dribble and COD deficits were obtained for both directions. The level of agreement between dribble and COD deficits was assessed by Cohen’s kappa statistic (κ). Results showed that AI% measured by dribble and COD deficits presented a poor level of agreement (κ = −0.159), indicating their imbalance did not favor the same direction. Moreover, AI% of the dribble deficit was significantly higher than those of the COD deficit. This study demonstrated that asymmetries in dribbling and change of direction performance (measured by dribble and COD deficit) were not in agreement to favor the same direction, also displaying a significant difference to each other. Practitioners should consider the task-specificity of asymmetry to reduce the imbalance in dribbling and COD performance.

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