scholarly journals Distributive Characteristics of Riverine Nutrients in the Mun River, Northeast Thailand: Implications for Anthropogenic Inputs

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinke Liu ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Xiaolong Liu ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Direction ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
High Concentrations

The nutrient contents of Mun River water in northeast Thailand during the dry season were measured to investigate the effect of human activities on dissolved load species. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) values varied from 2.5 to 17.1 mg/L, averaging 9.0 mg/L; dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) ranged between 0.12 and 0.11 mg/L; Cl− values ranged from 1.7 to 668.6 mg/L, with an average value of 84.8 mg/L; dissolved silicon (DSi) varied from 1.7 to 9.9 mg/L; and SO42− values averaged 8.9 mg/L. DOC, Cl−, and SO42− contents decreased with the flow direction. The high concentrations of DOC, K+, Cl−, and SO42− in the upper reaches were closely related to anthropogenic inputs, specifically industrial sewage. The covariation demonstrated that these dissolved loads may have the same sources. In other regions, Cl− contents were derived from weathering products. DIN contents maintained the same level on the river, and few sampling sites with high concentrations of DIN were influenced by point source pollution. The extremely low P concentrations limited algal growth, and the DSi showed no clear relationship with N and K, indicating that DSi in the Mun River was controlled by the weathering input rather than biological effects. The exact reverse spatial distributions of DOC between the wet and dry seasons (which increased with the flow direction in the wet season) were due to different precipitation rates, and the rare rainfall in the dry season had difficulty flushing the soil and transporting soil organic matter into the rivers. The local government should control sewage discharge and optimize farming methods.

scholarly journals Inorganic Nitrogen Production and Removal along the Sediment Gradient of a Stormwater Infiltration Basin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Qianyao Si ◽  
Mary G. Lusk ◽  
Patrick W. Inglett
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Stormwater Infiltration

Stormwater infiltration basins (SIBs) are vegetated depressions that collect stormwater and allow it to infiltrate to underlying groundwater. Their pollutant removal efficiency is affected by the properties of the soils in which they are constructed. We assessed the soil nitrogen (N) cycle processes that produce and remove inorganic N in two urban SIBs, with the goal of further understanding the mechanisms that control N removal efficiency. We measured net N mineralization, nitrification, and potential denitrification in wet and dry seasons along a sedimentation gradient in two SIBs in the subtropical Tampa, Florida urban area. Net N mineralization was higher in the wet season than in the dry season; however, nitrification was higher in the dry season, providing a pool of highly mobile nitrate that would be susceptible to leaching during periodic dry season storms or with the onset of the following wet season. Denitrification decreased along the sediment gradient from the runoff inlet zone (up to 5.2 μg N/g h) to the outermost zone (up to 3.5 μg N/g h), providing significant spatial variation in inorganic N removal for the SIBs. Sediment accumulating around the inflow areas likely provided a carbon source, as well as maintained stable anaerobic conditions, which would enhance N removal.

scholarly journals Contamination of Soil and Plant By the Hazaribagh Tannery Industries

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Mondol ◽  
A Asia ◽  
AS Chamon ◽  
SMA Faiz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
High Concentrations

An investigation was made at Hazaribagh Tannery area, comprising about 145 industries in Dhaka Metropolitan area. The analyses of soil and plant samples showed that heavy metals contribute significantly towards environmental contamssination resulting from industrial activities. Concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Ni) in soil and plant samples cross the MAC (Maximum allowable concentration) in both wet and dry season. In case of soil sample the highest concentration of Cr (172792 ppm) was found at main disposal point. Chromium, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Ni concentrations at Hazaribagh plant samples respectively ranged from 171-1348, 247-777, 45-96, 1.66-2.17, 72-231, 354-787, and 18-38 ppm respectively in dry season and 75-1142, 209-691, 29- 84, 1.02-2.00, 66-124, 331-664, 11-37 ppm respectively in wet season. Concentration went down gradually with increasing distance from the main disposal point (spot 1). But again high concentration (150708 ppm of Cr) was noted in spot 6. Similar results were found for plant samples. High concentrations of heavy metals were found in plant samples which consequently affect food chain, which may be a major environmental concern. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 207-222, December 2017

scholarly journals The algal growth-limiting nutrient of lakes located at Mexico’s Mesa Central

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando W. Bernal-Brooks ◽  
José J. Sánchez Chávez ◽  
Luis Bravo Inclán ◽  
Rubén Hernández Morales ◽  
Ana K. Martínez Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
N Limitation ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Limiting Nutrients ◽  
Limiting Nutrient

<p>This paper reports on the algal growth-limiting nutrients of five lakes located on Mexico’s Mesa Central - a topic poorly known in the regional limnology of Mexico. The five case studies involved three contiguous watersheds of Michoacán State and provided a trophic state variation from mesotrophic to hypereutrophic; the case studies included Lakes Zirahuén, Pátzcuaro, Teremendo, Cuitzeo and the Cointzio Reservoir. The fieldwork involved the collection of physical and chemical data (including nutrients) from each case study during the dry and rainy seasons of 2010. Additionally, water samples (1 L) were obtained and filtered (0.45 µm) in the laboratory to keep the nutrient content available for bioassays. The chemical analyses suggested a phosphorus (P) limitation in the Cointzio Reservoir, Lake Teremendo and Lake Zirahuén relative to an N:P&gt;16:1. There was a nitrogen (N) limitation at three sampling stations of Lake Pátzcuaro, with an N:P&lt;16:1. As result of the bioassays conducted in July 2012, the Cointzio Reservoir and Lake Teremendo appeared to be P-limited and Lake Pátzcuaro appeared to be N-limited at three sampling stations. Lake Zirahuén showed seasonal variation, with an N limitation during the dry season and a P limitation during the wet season. Those cases with similar results from both methods confirmed the limiting nutrient identification. Lake Cuitzeo, Lake Zirahuén (dry season), and the shallowest sampling station in Lake Pátzcuaro produced unclear results because of divergent outcomes. In terms of the algal growth potential, the Cointzio Reservoir remained unaltered from one season to the next. However, for most of the lakes (with the exception of Lake Pátzcuaro sites 2 and 4), the rainy season provided a dilution effect. Effective lake management depends on a clear recognition of such elements that are in control of the aquatic productivity. In the area of Michoacán, both N and P may act as limiting nutrients.</p>

scholarly journals Dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a tropical estuary in Malaysia: transport and transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2821-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Moritz Müller ◽  
Jie Jin ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Tropical Estuary ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
Transport And Transformation

Abstract. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), including nitrate, nitrite and ammonium, frequently acts as the limitation for primary productivity. Our study focused on the transport and transformation of DIN in a tropical estuary, i.e., the Rajang River estuary, in Borneo, Malaysia. Three cruises were conducted in August 2016 and February–March and September 2017, covering both dry and wet seasons. Before entering the coastal delta, decomposition of the terrestrial organic matter and the subsequent soil leaching was assumed to be the main source of DIN in the river water. In the estuary, decomposition of dissolved organic nitrogen was an additional DIN source, which markedly increased DIN concentrations in August 2016 (dry season). In the wet season (February 2017), ammonium concentrations showed a relatively conservative distribution during the mixing, and the nitrate addition was weak. La Niña events induced high precipitations and discharge rates, decreased reaction intensities of ammonification and nitrification. Hence similar distribution patterns of DIN species in the estuary were found in September 2017 (end of the dry season). The magnitude of riverine DIN flux varied between 77.2 and 101.5 t N d−1, which might be an important support for the coastal primary productivity.

scholarly journals Nitrous oxide and methane in two tropical estuaries in a peat-dominated region of northwestern Borneo

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2415-2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Müller ◽  
Hermann W. Bange ◽  
Thorsten Warneke ◽  
Tim Rixen ◽  
Moritz Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Tropical Estuaries ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Abstract. Estuaries are sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. However, our present knowledge of N2O and CH4 emissions from estuaries in the tropics is very limited because data are scarce. In this study, we present first measurements of dissolved N2O and CH4 from two estuaries in a peat-dominated region of northwestern Borneo. Two campaigns (during the dry season in June 2013 and during the wet season in March 2014) were conducted in the estuaries of the Lupar and Saribas rivers. Median N2O concentrations ranged between 7.2 and 12.3 nmol L−1 and were higher in the marine end-member (13.0 ± 7.0 nmol L−1). CH4 concentrations were low in the coastal ocean (3.6 ± 0.2 nmol L−1) and higher in the estuaries (medians between 10.6 and 64.0 nmol L−1). The respiration of abundant organic matter and presumably anthropogenic input caused slight eutrophication, which did not lead to hypoxia or enhanced N2O concentrations, however. Generally, N2O concentrations were not related to dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations. Thus, the use of an emission factor for the calculation of N2O emissions from the inorganic nitrogen load leads to an overestimation of the flux from the Lupar and Saribas estuaries. N2O was negatively correlated with salinity during the dry season, which suggests a riverine source. In contrast, N2O concentrations during the wet season were not correlated with salinity but locally enhanced within the estuaries, implying that there were additional estuarine sources during the wet (i.e., monsoon) season. Estuarine CH4 distributions were not driven by freshwater input but rather by tidal variations. Both N2O and CH4 concentrations were more variable during the wet season. We infer that the wet season dominates the variability of the N2O and CH4 concentrations and subsequent emissions from tropical estuaries. Thus, we speculate that any changes in the Southeast Asian monsoon system will lead to changes in the N2O and CH4 emissions from these systems. We also suggest that the ongoing cultivation of peat soil in Borneo is likely to increase N2O emissions from these estuaries, while the effect on CH4 remains uncertain.

scholarly journals OCEANOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF KLABAT BAY, BANGKA ISLAND, INDONESIA

1970 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Suhendar I. Sachoemar ◽  
Agus Kristijono ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Observation Results

The oceanographic characteristics of Klabat Bay in Bangka Island of Indonesia were investigated by using a series of temperature, salinity, turbidity, TSS (total suspended solid), transparency, DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen), DIP (Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus), DO (Dissolved Oxygen) and chlorophyll-a data in the wet season (Northwest Monsoon) and dry season (Southeast Monsoon) of 2003, respectively. The observation results show that the hydro-oceanographic characteristics of Klabat Bay in the inner part and the outer part of the bay were dominantly influenced by the terrestrial and oceanic environment, respectively. High precipitation during the wet season decreased salinity, DO and transparency and increased total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, DIN and chlorophyll-a within the bay. The reverse occurred during the dry season, except DIP.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Nutrient Status at Ratargul Swamp Forest in Sylhet, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Sabiha Akter ◽  
Md. Sirajul Islam ◽  
Shamim Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

Nutrient concentration is an important parameter to recognize critical processes of an ecosystem and environmental quality. This paper is based on a study carried out to evaluate the nutrient status in sediments, water and plant leaves from Ratargul swamp forest of Bangladesh during the period from September 2016 to August 2017. The samples were collected from twelve sampling stations of four different canals during dry (September 2016 to April 2017) and wet (May to August, 2017) seasons, respectively. The nutrient contents such as total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and total organic carbon (TOC) were analysed in the laboratory of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The TN, AP and TOC in sediments were ranged from 2.22 to 5.23, 0.032 to 0.035 and 2.6 to 4.52%, respectively, whereas TN and AP in water were found 5.34 to 22.54% and 0.002 to 0.366%, respectively. Result showed that the TOC in plant leaves was higher in wet season than in dry season, where the TN and AP were higher in dry season than in wet season due to high temperature which increases the rate of photosynthetic activities in the dry season. In both Korochand Hijal plants, the TOC and AP were higher in green leaves than brown leaves, while TN was higher in brown leaves than green ones. Moreover, a statistically significant positive correlation was found among the samples. The study concluded that the nutrient status in sediments, water and leaves were perfectly natural during both the dry and wet season.

scholarly journals Ecological studies in the Bay of Paranaguá: I. horizontal distribution and seasonal dynamics of the phytoplankton

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico P Brandini
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Phytoplankton Growth ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
High Concentrations

Five stations were sampled monthly in the Bay of Paranaguá during one year cycle (1983-1984) to measure basic environmental parameters, phytoplankton biomass and photosynthesis with the purpose of understanding the principal factors that regulate the phytoplankton growth and distribution throughout the year. Surface temperature varied from 17 to 30ºC. The yearly average values for salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH ranged from 9.38 to 32.00‰, 5.17 to 5.53 ml/l and 7.46 to 8.18, respectively. Average concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen, phosphate and silicate varied from 3.31 to 8.48, 0.38 to 0.97 and 27.68 to 98.36 µg-at/l, respectively, with increasing concentrations toward the inner bay. Chlorophyll-a at the surface varied between 2.86 and 13.99 mg/m³ with high concentrations in the inner bay associated with high nutrient contents and lower salinities. Low photosynthetic rates were measured at the surface, varying from 0.01 to 7.36 mgC/m³/h. Phytoflagellates and Skeletonema costatum dominated the phytoplankton population during the study period. The temporal fluctuations in the inner bay are associated with the rainfall regime. High amounts of precipitation increase the concentrations of nutrients and consequently improve the phytoplankton growth. This is however limited by nitrogen deficiency (as indicated by the low N to P ratios observed) and turbidity.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Variation of Dissolved Heavy Metals in the Mun River, Northeast Thailand

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liang ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
River Water ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Dissolved Heavy Metals

River water samples between August 2017 (wet season) and March 2018 (dry season) from the Mun River Basin in northeast Thailand were collected and their dissolved heavy metals concentrations (Al, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Ba) were measured. Compared with international drinking water guidelines, Mn was the dominant pollutant in the dry season. The correlation analysis (CA) suggested that similar sources were shown in each element pair of Al-Fe, Mn-Zn, and Fe-Ba in both seasons. The principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the dominant source of dissolved heavy metals was sedimentary inputs or colloid destabilization in the wet season, while anthropogenic inputs were the main sources in the dry season, such as agricultural runoff, industrial effluents, and domestic discharge. On the basis of water quality index (WQI), water at most sites in the wet and dry seasons can be categorized as excellent water, except for a few sites with substandard values. The river water posed no significant health risks according to the health risk assessment, but Mn, Fe, and Ba needed to be paid more attention due to the relatively high values. Al, Fe, and Ba were the main dissolved heavy metals flowing into the Mekong River, and Cu contributed to the background value in the Mekong river.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of algal diversity with reference to water quality in Jagadishpur Reservoir, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
Sajita Pokhrel ◽  
Narayan Prasad Ghimire ◽  
Shiva Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Algal Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species

Abstract The study of the importance of physicochemical parameters of water for algal growth and development in Jagdishpur Reservoir was carried out in the present research. Occurrence of algal species and values of water quality parameters also indicate the ecological nature and the present status of the reservoir. Water samples were collected from Jagdishpur Reservoir in Kapilvastu District (Nepal), in two seasons (wet and dry). The following physicochemical parameters of water were analyzed: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, concentration of nitrates and phosphates, free CO2, hardness, conductivity, total dissolved solids. The values of free CO2, hardness, phosphate, temperature, and dissolved oxygen were high in wet season while alkalinity, nitrate, conductivity and total dissolved solid were high in dry season. Altogether 81 algal species belonging to 53 genera and 6 classes were recorded. Higher number of algal species was recorded in the dry season rather than in the wet season. The highest number of species was noted among Chlorophyceae, followed by Cyanobacteria > Bacillariophyceae > Euglenophyceae > Crysophyceae and Dinophyceae. Cosmarium had the highest number of species (13) among all genera. During the wet season, Cosmarium, Calothrix and Phormidium were the genera with the highest number of species while Bulbochaete, Trachelomonas and Gomphonema were genera with the lowest number of species. During the dry season, Cymbella, Cosmarium and Rhopalodia were genera with highest number of species while Euglena, Gloeotrichia and Trachelomonas were genera with lowest number of species. Algal diversity was positively correlated with the increase of alkalinity, conductivity and TDS, while negatively correlated with free CO2, hardness, concerntration of phosphates and nitrates, DO, pH and temperature. Shannon–Weiner diversity index value was higher during the dry season than in the wet season.

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