scholarly journals Farmers’ Attitudes to the Pricing of Natural Resources for Sustainability: GAP-Şanlıurfa Sampling of Turkey

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Hakki Aydogdu
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Financing Problem

This research aims to evaluate farmers’ attitudes to the pricing of natural resources, mainly water and soil resources, in GAP-Şanlıurfa-Turkey. It will also define farmers’ willingness to accept pricing for the sustainability of resources and explore the potential factors that contribute to such willingness. The data comes from a sample of 1105 farmers in Şanlıurfa who were chosen by a simple random sampling method and participants were interviewed face to face by questionnaires. The logistic regression is used for analysis. The results indicate that 40% of the farmers have a positive attitude to the pricing of resources for protection and sustainability. The most affecting factors are the location of the farmers, the number of agricultural manpower at the household, land amount, ownership status, income derived from agriculture, and livestock. The average willingness-to-pay amount was calculated in USD as $48.8/ha. Where public finance is insufficient to meet the demands, the willingness-to-pay amount may be used in co-investments. In this way, both the financing problem can be overcome and the ownership rate of the users can be increased. Therefore, the results could be helpful for decision- and policy-makers to develop strategies for the sustainability of resources for GAP-Turkey and areas with similar socioeconomic characteristics.

Determination of farmers’ willingness to pay for drought adaptation policies in Şanlıurfa, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Hakkı Aydoğdu ◽  
Mehmet Reşit Sevinç ◽  
Mehmet Cançelik
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Adaptation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
Turkish Lira

AbstractIn Şanlıurfa, Turkey, agriculture is the most important source of income. This study aimed to determine Şanlıurfa farmers’ willingness to pay for drought adaptation policies and the factors affecting their willingness. The data were obtained from face-to-face surveys with farmers, selected using a simple random sampling method. According to the results, 50.26% perceive a risk of drought, and 35.86% are willing to pay for adaptation policies. Among those willing to pay, the average amount was 22.63 $/ha (1$=5.676 Turkish Lira), while the average for all participants was 13.55 $/ha. This adds up to a total of 14.363 million $/year for Şanlıurfa. This amount is 1.47% of the annual average income of the participants and is thus within their ability to pay. Age, amount of land farmed, education level, experience, and income were factors affecting willingness to pay. Many respondents, however, were unaware of drought adaptation policies. Because there is concern that drought risk is increasing, awareness needs to be increased, for example through extension services. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind, and the results may be useful for creating and applying drought adaptation policies in both Turkey and other regions with similar socio-economic characteristics.

BANKACILIKTA MÜŞTERİ İLİŞKİLERİ YÖNETİMİNİN MÜŞTERİ SADAKATİNE ETKİSİ

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikret GÜMÜŞBUĞA
Keyword(s):  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Management System ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Customer Care ◽  
Research Type

This study mainly focuses on customer care management and customer loyalty. Even though there are many experiential studies about customer care management and customer loyalty system, the lack of studies on customers in Karabük and Safranbolu locally, has leaded to focus on this study. Thus, this study mainly focuses on the influence of customer care treatments of banks in Karabük and Safranbolu on customer loyalty. Descriptive research type was used in the study. In this study simple random sampling method was used which is one of the probability sampling method, face to face surwey to all 726 participants was used for the study. As the result of the experiential study, the attendance and influence of customer care management and loyalty systems have been comparatively low, but it has been figured out that customer care management system influences customer loyalty level.

scholarly journals Status of the buffalo milk trade and dairy manufacturing business at Bhola district of Bangladesh, and opportunities for buffalo milk products branding

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Md Rezwanul Habib ◽  
Md Mehedi Hasan Khandakar ◽  
Md Ariful Islam ◽  
Md Moznu Sarkar ◽  
Mohammed Khorshed Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Product Manufacturing ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The objective of this study was to know the existing buffalo milk trade and dairy products production status along with scope for buffalo milk product branding. Hence, a face-to-face interview with eighteen milk traders and processors were performed through simple random sampling method. Milk traders and processors were above 25 years old (94%) and above 5 years (89%) experienced in dairy business. The findings exposed that 11% of the participants were involved in milk collection and selling, 39% were directly involved in product manufacturing, and 50% were engaged in milk collection and processing. Among the manufactured dairy products, traditionally made fermented doi was the best - selling dairy product in the Bhola district. About 47% participants desired to incorporate fat-rich dairy products into their production processes. In general, milk traders sold the maximum amount of milk monthly to doi manufacturers (1453 L), followed by local customers (1175 L), sweetmeat manufacturers (1000 L), restaurants (257 L), and household consumers (250 L). Results showed that buffalo milk prices varied significantly (P<0.001) over the year. The peak buffalo milk price (122 BDT/L) was recorded between November and December, and the off-peak price (82 BDT/L) was between March to May. Data indicated that about 43-50 BDT profit derived through per kg doi and sweetmeat selling. Milk traders and processors mentioned that studied areas had greater shortage of milk preservation facilities. Overall, the findings of this study may give some context for developing sustainable buffalo milk and dairy products value chain in Bangladesh. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(3): 301-310, December 2021

scholarly journals Mersin İlinde Dağlık Alanlarda Yaşayan Bireylerin Orman Ürünlerini Kullanımı

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Sedef Akıncı ◽  
Dilek Bostan Budak
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The People ◽  
Awareness Support ◽  
Mountain Villages

In the study, which is conducted in mountain villages of Mersin province, 99 people selected by simple random sampling method. The data were collected by face to face interviewed. 64.6% of the individuals were male, 35.4% female and 35.4% had a primary school diploma. The average household width was 2.38 and the average age was 50.32. Small ruminant and beekeeping activities are the main source of livelihood for individuals who lives in mountain villages, but also they are benefiting from forest products. As forest products, medicinal aromatic plants such as centaury, thyme, rosehip, mushrooms, blackberries, carob, and straw are used. Men work more intensively in jobs such as wood, timber and resin, which require heavy labour, while products such as centaurs, blackberries and rosehips are collected by women. Individuals' perceptions of forest and forest products do not change according to gender, age and education level. This is because they need the forest and its’ products to maintain their lives. In general, it is determined that the population living in the mountain villages live a life based on forest and forest products. In this context, protection of forest areas in the region is very important both for the prevention of environmental damage and for the people of the region. In addition to individual awareness, support should be provided by the relevant ministries on the use and protection of forests and products. The aim of this study was to identify the use of forest products and opinion about forest who lives in mountain villages of Mersin.

scholarly journals Determination of Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Agricultural Land Use in the GAP-Harran Plain of Turkey

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Mustafa Hakkı Aydoğdu ◽  
Mehmet Reşit Sevinç ◽  
Mehmet Cançelik ◽  
Hatice Parlakçı Doğan ◽  
Zeliha Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Harran Plain ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Sustainable Usage

There is a risk of salinity and degradation in soil structure due to excessive irrigation in the GAP-Harran Plain. The purpose of the research is to determine farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for applications of sustainable agricultural land usage practices to avoid salinization in soil based on irrigation problems related to the demands of the farmers’, their needs, and which factors affect their willingness to accept payment. The basic material of the research was obtained through face-to-face questionnaires from farmers who were selected by a method of simple random sampling in 2018. Heckman’s two-stage model was used in the analysis of the data in Stata. According to the results obtained from the research, 27.85% of the participants indicated WTP and the average amount was USD 16.2/hectare. The average WTP is calculated as USD 4.43/hectare for all participants and 735.38 thousand USD/year for the whole plain. The agricultural income, household size, farming experience, land amount, non-agricultural income, education level, working in the non-agricultural sector, and membership of farmers’ union were determined as statistically effective factors. It is necessary to raise the awareness of farmers through extension services. As awareness increases, both WTP and the adoption of applications will increase. The results supply useful data for people working on this subject for the planning and implementation of sustainable usage of resources in Turkey and to regions with similar socio–economic characteristics. This study is the first of its kind in GAP-Harran, Turkey.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Services to Ensure Sustainable Agricultural Income in the GAP-Harran Plain, Şanlıurfa, Turkey

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Hatice Parlakçı Doğan ◽  
Mustafa Hakkı Aydoğdu ◽  
Mehmet Reşit Sevinç ◽  
Mehmet Cançelik
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Harran Plain ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Sampling Volume ◽  
Sustainable Income

Sustainable agriculture is necessary for farmers to have a sustainable income. This research aims to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) of farmers in the GAP-Harran Plain for services that would ensure sustainable agricultural income, the factors affecting their willingness, and the minimum amount they would be willing to pay. The main material of the research has been obtained by means of face-to-face surveys involving farmers selected by a simple random sampling method in the GAP-Harran Plain. The sampling volume was determined with a 95% confidence limit and a 5% error margin. Heckman’s two-stage model was used for the analysis. According to the results of the research, 22.61% of the participants showed WTP, and the average amount they were willing to pay was 180.82 TL/hectare (ha) ($31.86/ha). This amount was 3.08% of the average annual agricultural income calculated. About 41.22% of the participants showed no WTP. They believed that the public sector is accountable of the services and consequently, they should be provided free of charge. About 23.14% of the participants showed WTP only for the services that they needed. The average WTP for all participants was calculated as 40.9 TL/ha ($7.21/ha) and 1.2 million $/year for the GAP-Harran Plain. This amount is the minimum and may increase by several folds with a demand-based variety of service delivery. The factors that statistically effect WTP have been determined as age, education, experience, number of households working in agriculture, amount of land, agricultural income, non-agricultural income, membership status of agricultural cooperatives, and product pattern. The results provide useful information to guide researchers, decision-makers, and policy-makers.

scholarly journals Kesiapan Petani Kelapa Sawit Swadaya dalam Implementasi ISPO: Persoalan Lingkungan Hidup, Legalitas dan Keberlanjutan

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Arya Hadi Dharmawan ◽  
Fredian Tonny Nasdian ◽  
Baba Barus ◽  
Rilus A Kinseng ◽  
Yoyoh Indaryanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Sustainability Standards ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Livelihood System

The expansion of oil palm plantations run very quickly within two decades in Indonesia. It provides a certain amount of risk against natural resources and the environment. These risks are mainly landscape changes, ecosystems changes and livelihood system change of the rural society.  In order to suppress risk, sustainability standards for plantation operation, needs to be implemented.  One of the instruments that ensure sustainability standards is ISPO (Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil).  However, its implementation is still limited to be voluntary.  In the near future, ISPO will be implemented as mandatory for all business model of oil palm plantation as well as for oil palm mills.  This research is about to find out the readiness of the oil palm smallholders to implement ISPO, in particular with regard to the parameters of land seeds legality, land legality, and knowledge on the management of the environment. This research was conducted in several villages in three locations, namely in Riau, Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan Province. A number of respondents were withdrawn from each village and were selected using simple random sampling method. The results showed that land legality parameter, legality of the seed, and knowledge of oil palm smallholders about environmental management reveals unreadiness of the smallholder to carry out ISPO certification. Thus, the risk of a oil palm plantation expansion towards natural resources and the environment, will still be a great challenge in the future.

scholarly journals Survey and Assessment of Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Reducing the Health and Environmental Risks of Vegetable Production Activities inBinh Chanh District, Ho Chi Minh City

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Anh Ngoc ◽  
Thai Anh Hoa ◽  
Nguyen Kim Thoa ◽  
Nguyen Minh Ky
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Current State ◽  
Group I

The paper presents the current state of using pesticides and Willingness to Pay (WTP) to reduce vegetable producers’ health and environmental risks in Binh Chanh District, Ho Chi Minh City. This study used random sampling method by investigating 60 households (30 normal farm households and 30 VietGAP households). The main contents cover assessment on the impacts of using  pesticides, conducting WTP surveys to reduce health and environmental risks due to exposure to pesticides and analyzing marginal effects related to the Log - Lin regression model. Regarding the current, the normal vegetable producers tended to use more pesticides and exceed recommended doses compared to VietGAP group. The regression model explained 86,0 percent of the changes in farmers' WTP. The estimation results of the affecting factors to WTP showed that the variables such as agricultural promotion (X3), income (X4), amount of group I&II pesticides (X5), the frequency of exposure of group I&II pesticides (X7), and dummy variables GAP (GAP) were statistically significant (p<0,05). Therefore, the study proposed relevant solutions to reduce health and environmental risks in vegetable production for the safe use of pesticides.

scholarly journals Willingness to Pay for Improvement in Service Quality of Intermediate Public Transport (IPT) Modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 866-879
Author(s):  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Face To Face

The Rapid increase in urban population has put extraordinary pressure on transport infrastructure. Public transport frameworks in small and medium-sized cities in developing countries include of IPT modes. However, these midsized cities in developing countries face congestion problems and have severe environmental pollution. The paper focuses on the assessment of willingness to pay for improvement in service quality of IPT mode of transportation in urban India. A Stated Choice (SC) survey instrument was designed and data was collected from IPT users to collect respondent’s socio-economic characteristics and their attributes for the stated hypothetical scenarios. Respondents were approached randomly and face-to-face interviews were carried out. The present study aimed at finding the willingness to pay for different attributes of an IPT mode to assess the relative importance of these attributes. The multinomial logit model was developed using the econometric software NLOGIT 4.0. The results obtained from the analysis suggest that the commuters in the city perceive safety as the most important attribute of an IPT mode followed by comfort and waiting time. The findings of the study shall be useful for policy makers and operators in urban planning and improvement of the transportation systems of mid-sized cities of developing countries and any new mode incorporating high comfort and safety shall be preferred. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091696 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Investigation of Students’ Opinions on Distance Education in the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ebru Güzel Kuyucu ◽  
Serkan Kabak
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Students Satisfaction ◽  
Education Process

Due to the worldwide COVID-19 epidemic, distance education has become a necessity rather than a choice in order to ensure the continuity of education at all educational levels. This research was carried out to examine the opinions of students on the distance education process applied in universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic period. Sample of study consists of 153 students (73 female, 80 male), who were selected by simple random sampling method, studying at Trabzon University Faculty of Sport Sciences. In the study, Opinions for Distance Education Scale (OFDES) and personal information form were used. The scale was developed by Yıldırım et al. (2014) and consists of 18 items and 4 factors. Data were collected through an online survey. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS program. Descriptive statistics, T-Test and ANOVA analyses were used in the research. It shows that students’ satisfaction with distance education conducted during the COVID-19 epidemic is at a low level (x̄ = 2.03; Sd = .55). In other words, students prefer face-to-face education to distance education. In the gender variable, it was determined that male students (x̄ = 2.75; Sd = .54) had a higher mean score than female students (x̄ = 2.48; Sd = .53). In the study, some suggestions have been developed in order to make the distance education process more efficient from the students’ perspective.

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