scholarly journals Assessment of the Dnieper Alluvial Riverbed Stability Affected by Intervention Discharge Downstream of Kaniv Dam

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Obodovskyi ◽  
Michał Habel ◽  
Dawid Szatten ◽  
Zakhar Rozlach ◽  
Zygmunt Babiński ◽  
...  

Along the middle reaches of the Dnieper River in central Ukraine, braided riverbeds with many islands have developed in alluvial valleys. In the 1970s, six dams were commissioned, and respective monitoring infrastructure was installed. Riverbanks and valley floors composed of unconsolidated material have much lower bank strengths and are susceptible to fluvial erosion and bank collapse, particularly during the release of high flow volumes from hydropower dams. The regulation of the Dnieper River along a cascade of storage reservoirs caused significant changes in its active river channel and hydrological regime. In order to estimate channel stability downstream of the Kaniv reservoir, we conducted an analysis of the hydraulic conditions in terms of changes in flow velocity and propagation of waves caused by intervention water discharges from the Kaniv Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP). In this paper, we assess the hydromorphological parameters of the studied river reach as well as the characteristics of the related erosion and deposition zones. Therefore, a monitoring framework for channel processes (MCP) downstream of the Kaniv HPP was installed. The analysis of the intervention discharge parameters was conducted based on measurements from July 2015. Channel stability was expressed by the following factors: Lohtin’s number (L), Makkaveev’s (Kc) factor of stability, and a complex index of stability (Mx) by Grishanin. This study shows that the velocity of artificial wave propagation may reach a speed of up to 74.4 km·h−1. The wave propagates for a distance of approx. 45 km within 65 min at a mean velocity of 37.4 km·h−1. The L, Kc, and Mx indicators used in this work showed that when water discharge increased (e.g., during typical peak-capacity operation), the channel becomes unstable and sediments are subject to erosion processes. The riverbed stability indicators clearly illustrate that an increase in parameter values is not dependent on the distance to the dam. The results are valuable for sustainable sediment management at catchment scale and hence, directly applicable in water management.

Author(s):  
Ottentri Ottentri ◽  
Hendi Matalata

The need for electrical energy is a necessity that can not be ditawar–tawar anymore for a life worthy of every person in this day. Generally, remote rural areas located in mountainous areas have a large potential of water energy, so that the hydroelectric power plant is one of the energy sources that can be developed. Jambi is an area covered with Batanghari River flows. This research aims to know how the work process of Microhydro power plant.  Components of the essential components of miniature microhydro power plants are reservoirs, rapid pipes, turbines, generators where these components are not loose bias, interrelated to one another. Round of Tubin obtained from the experiment is 400 rpm with water discharge 0.0016 m3/s. The maximum voltage generated by the generator is 18 volts. Voltage generated from the generator to charging the Batrai used inverter of 13.1 volts. The load will remain on even though the main energy source is the generator stop in the same, because the energy of the second is Batrai.


Author(s):  
D. R. A. e Santos ◽  
J. M. Martinez ◽  
T. Harmel ◽  
H. D. Borges ◽  
H. Roig

Abstract. Data provided by spatial sensors combined with remote sensing techniques and analysis of the optical properties of waters allow the mapping of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in aquatic bodies. For this, estimation models require data with the lowest possible amount of atmospheric artifacts. In this study we compared the water remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of the Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Power Plant reservoir in Porto Velho-RO, Brazil, after applying three different atmospheric corrections algorithms in Sentinel-2/MSI imagery products. The atmospheric corrected reflectances of the MODIS sensor were also used for reference. SSC was calculated with models based on the red and near-infrared (NIR) bands over three distinct regions of the reservoir. Reflectance data showed significant variations for Sentinel-2, bands 4 and 8a, and MODIS, bands RED and IR, when different atmospheric correction algorithms were used. SSC maps and estimates were produced to show sediment load variation as a function of hydrological regime. The analyzes showed that the SSC estimates done with Sentinel-2 / MSI satellite images using GRS (Glint Remove Sentinel) atmospheric correction presented an average difference of 27.3% and were the closest to the in situ measurements. SSC estimates from MODIS products were around 34.6% different from estimates made using the GRS atmospheric correction applied to Sentinel-2 / MSI products.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3577
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lyubimova ◽  
Anatoly Lepikhin ◽  
Yanina Parshakova ◽  
Andrey Bogomolov ◽  
Yury Lyakhin

The creation of reservoirs in water streams leads to significant changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies: it allows smoothing the peaks of maximum water discharge during a flood period and regulating low-water flow. The creation of reservoirs with significant storage capacity makes it possible to solve a wide range of water-management problems, including the use of falling water energy for hydropower purposes, and maintenance of the uninterrupted water supply and navigation. Since constructed dams are usually operated by hydropower companies, the regulatory regime for the discharge of water into the lower pool is often determined by the daily electricity consumption regime. Intra-day variations in the volume of water discharges through hydroelectric power stations generate multidirectional streams in the upper pool, which can affect the operation of other water withdrawal systems. This paper considers the effect of intraday variations in water discharges into the lower pool on the dynamic and physical properties of the water mass in the region of the location of drinking water-intake heads of Perm city and the quality of the withdrawn water.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lyubimova ◽  
Yanina Parshakova ◽  
Anatoly Lepikhin ◽  
Yury Lyakhin ◽  
Alexey Tiunov

The hydrological regimes of surface water bodies, as a rule, are unsteady. However, accounting for the non-stationarity substantially complicates the hydrodynamic calculations. Because of this, the scenario approach is traditionally used in the calculations. Characteristic scenarios are set with constant hydrological characteristics throughout the time covered in the calculations. This approach is fully justified if the characteristic time of the change in water flow rate is much longer than the calculation time. However, nowadays, tasks are becoming more and more urgent when accounting for flow variability during calculation period becomes crucial. First of all, such a problem arises when assessing the effect of non-stationary water discharge through hydroelectric power plant dams on the hydrodynamic regime of both the upper and lower pools of the reservoir. In the present paper, the effect of the intraday variability of the Kamskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (Kamskaya HEPP) operation on the peculiarities of the hydrodynamic regimes of the near-dam part of the upper pool of the Kama reservoir is described. The importance of the problem is determined by the location of the main drinking water intake of Perm city and one of the largest thermal power plants (TPP) in Europe, Permskaya TPP, in this part of the reservoir. This TPP uses a direct-flow cooling system from the Kama reservoir, which is very sensitive to the peculiarities of the hydrodynamic regime of the reservoir. The computational experiments based on the combined hydrodynamic models in 2D/3D formulations have shown that the intraday oscillations of the discharge flow rate through the dam of the HEPP have a very significant effect on the hydrodynamic regime of the reservoir in the vicinity of the Permskaya TPP; therefore, these effects must be taken into account when minimizing the risks of thermal effluents entering the intake channel of the Permskaya TPP.


Author(s):  

This article considers issues of regulating the non-metallic building materials extraction in the lower reaches of large hydroelectric power plants. The problem is quite urgent when a large city is located in the lower tail of a hydroelectric power plant and the process of extraction of non-metallic building materials is superimposed on the rather complicated issues of interaction with other water users. The article employs the technique of mutual overlap of bathymetric surveys for the previous periods combined with the analysis of the declared volumes of extraction of non-metallic building materials. A simulating hydrodynamic model of the Votkinsk reservoir has been made, with taking into account the data on the fractional composition of bottom sediments. During the development of the model, we used the software products HEC-RAS v.4.1 and SMS v.11.1. The use of onedimensional and two-dimensional models made it possible to simplify calculations without significant loss of accuracy of calculations. Based on these models, a deformation of the bed was calculated under the standard conditions of the hydrological regime of the Kama and Votkinsk reservoirs. The outcome of the work is recommendations on the allocation of sites in the lower tail of the Kamskaya HPP, where the extraction of non-metallic building materials is not recommended, the areas where production is possible subject to a number of conditions and restrictions concerning the volume of production and areas where production is possible without restrictions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01043
Author(s):  
Didik Notosudjono ◽  
Evita Wismiana ◽  
Fitrah Alamsyah ◽  
Bagus Dwi Ramadhon

Built in 1923, the Ubrug Hydro Power Plant in Sukabumi was set up with an installed power of 5,94 MW on 1st unit and 2nd unit and 6,48 MW on the 3rd unit resulting in sum total of 18,36 MW. However, at present, the actual total power only generates 15,045 MW, a smaller number than its initial capacity, due to the lack of water discharge. Based on the measurement data, the load of the generator has experienced a decrease of power in normal field operation with a peak load of 9,5 MW and the lowest of 6 MW. On daily operations, only 2 generators are being operated, leaving the 3rd generator unoperated. This is due to the aging hydroelectric power plant on the location and the transition of forest functions in the upstream area, that serves as water absorption, to settlements of residents, and industrial estates. The other and the most salient cause is the waste carried by the Cicatih River coming along with the flow of water in the conduit.


2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-681
Author(s):  
Jean Carlos A. Freire ◽  
Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis ◽  
Tarcísio da Costa Lobato ◽  
Jefferson M. de Morais ◽  
Terezinha F. de Oliveira ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 04019
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kozhevnikova ◽  
Lyubov Kondratyeva ◽  
Evgeniya Golubeva ◽  
Ilya Manzhula

The article provides information on statistical approaches to identify the dominant factors that influenced the water quality in the Bureyskoye reservoir after a large landslide in December 2018 blocked access to a hydroelectric power plant. To restore the hydrological regime, blasting operations were carried out using trinitrotoluene and hexogen. The main indicators of water quality were volatile organic matters and elemental composition that varied along different banks above and below the landslide body and under the influence of explosives. In water samples from the artificial canal after the restoration of the reservoir flow, the content of Fe, Mn, Al, Cu and Zn remained at a low level and did not reach the initial values established prior to the blasting operations. However, an increase in the content of Pb by 7 times and Hg by 80 times was noted. The presence of methanol and methylated benzene derivatives in water could stimulate the formation of more toxic methylmercury, posing a risk to aquatic organisms. Correlation analysis was used to process the obtained data which made it possible to differentiate the contributions of natural (landslide, river tsunami) and anthropogenic factors (blasting) to the change in the chemical composition of water in the reservoir.


Author(s):  
Paulo Eduardo Silva Bezerra ◽  
Adanna De Souza Andrade ◽  
Milena Marília Nogueira de Andrade

MULTITEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF THE TOCANTINS RIVER IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BAIÃO (PARÁ) AFTER THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE TUCURUÍ HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTANALISIS MULTITEMPORAL DEL RÍO TOCANTINS EN EL MUNICIPIO DE BAIÃO (PARÁ) DESPUÉS DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA CENTRAL HIDROELÉCTRICA DE TUCURUÍNas últimas décadas, grandes projetos hidroelétricos foram implantados na Amazônia, ocasionando diversos impactos ambientais. No estado do Pará, a construção da Usina Hidrelétrica (UHE) de Tucuruí conferiu modificações físicas no rio Tocantins. Em vista disso, este trabalho teve como principal objetivo analisar as modificações fluviais ocorridas no rio Tocantins, no município de Baião, que fica localizado a jusante UHE de Tucuruí no estado do Pará. Utilizou-se como fonte dados as imagens de satélite Landsat referentes ao ano de 1984 e 1999. Além disso, a análise espacial da dinâmica fluvial partiu da vetorização das margens do canal e das ilhas fluviais em formato de polígono, dos respectivos anos, para análise e quantificação das áreas erodidas e depositadas. Os resultados mostraram uma variação de 4.609.803,07 m² na área do canal fluvial para o período estudado. Essa variação corresponde a um alargamento do canal nos trechos em que houve erosão lateral. As áreas das margens e das ilhas fluviais onde houveram processos erosivos totalizam em 23.110.956 m² enquanto que as áreas de deposição ocorrem predominantemente nas ilhas fluviais e totalizam em uma área de 18.500.761 m². Concluiu-se que houve um aumento dos processos erosivos no trecho do rio Tocantins compreendido nos limites territoriais do município de Baião no período de 15 anos após a construção da UHE de Tucuruí.Palavras-chave: Geomorfologia Fluvial; Erosão; Deposição; Análise Multitemporal; Barragem Hidroelétrica. ABSTRACTIn recent decades, large dam’s hydroelectric projects were implemented in the Amazon and causing significant environmental impacts. In the state of Para, the construction of the Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) occasioned modifications in physical environment. The aim of this work was to analyze the river modifications in the Tocantins river in the municipality of Baião, which is located downstream of Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant in the state of Pará. It was used remote sensing techniques using Landsat satellite images for the years 1984 and 199. In addition, the spatial analysis of the river dynamics was based on the vectorization of the river banks and river islands in polygon format, from the respective years, for analysis and quantification of the eroded and deposited areas in the study area. The results showed that the fluvial dynamics presented a variation of 4.609.803,07 m² in the river channel area for the studied period. This variation corresponds to a widening of the canal in the sections where there was lateral erosion. The areas of the banks and river islands where there were erosive processes totaled 23,110,956 m² while the areas of deposition occur in the fluvial islands, totaling in an area of 18,500,761 m². It concludes that there was an increase in the erosion processes in the stretch of the Tocantins river in the city of Baião in the period of 15 years after the construction of the HPP of Tucuruí.Keywords: Fluvial Geomorphology; Erosion; Deposition; Multitemporal Analysis; Hydroelectric Dam.RESUMENEn las últimas décadas, grandes proyectos hidroeléctricos fueron implantados en la Amazonia, ocasionando diversos impactos ambientales. En el estado de Pará, la construcción de la Usina Hidroeléctrica (UHE) de Tucuruí confería modificaciones físicas en el río Tocantins. En vista de eso, este trabajo tuvo como principal objetivo analizar las modificaciones fluviales ocurridas en el río Tocantins, en el municipio de Baião, que se encuentra localizado aguas abajo UHE de Tucuruí en el estado de Pará. Se utilizó como fuente datos las imágenes de satélite Landsat referentes a los años 1984 y 1999. Además, el análisis espacial de la dinámica fluvial partió de la vectorización de los márgenes del canal y de las islas fluviales en formato de polígono, de los respectivos años, para análisis y cuantificación de las áreas erosionadas y depositadas. Los resultados mostraron una variación de 4.609.803,07 m² en el área del canal fluvial para el período estudiado. Esta variación corresponde a una ampliación del canal en los locales en que hubo erosión lateral. Las áreas de los márgenes y de las islas fluviales donde hubo procesos erosivos totalizan en 23.110.956 m² mientras que las áreas de deposición ocurren predominantemente en las islas fluviales y totalizan en un área de 18.500.761 m². Se concluyó que hubo un aumento de los procesos erosivos en el tramo del río Tocantins comprendido en los límites territoriales del municipio de Baião en el período de 15 años después de la construcción de la UHE de Tucuruí.Palabras clave: Geomorfología Fluvial; Erosión; Deposición; Análisis Multitemporal; Presa Hidroeléctrica.


2019 ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
R. S. Chalov

The paper presents the description of main channel types of braided rivers distinguished in the channel pattern classification produced in the Moscow State University. It is shown that the diversity of braided channels is determined by various conditions of their formation, different degree of channel stability and other factors. This diversity is defined by the number, size and shape of islands, formation of islands in channel arms, composing bifurcations of the 2nd and 3rd orders, presence of floodplain branches (floodplain multi-channel), symmetry or asymmetry of braided reaches themselves, development of the bends of the branches, water discharge of the branches and distribution of runoff over them in different phases of water regime, high- and low-water years, etc. Also braided channel reaches occur when cut-off meanders are formed (incomplete meandering). On the largest rivers there are braided reaches which are characterized by the development of branches in different parts of the river valley bottom and differing in their channel and even water regime. Certain features are typical for braided reaches of wide-floodplain or incised channels, for rivers with a one-sided floodplain. As a result single, conjugated, floodplain, parallel branches, one-sided, alternate one-sided braided reaches can be either simple (for example, single or parts of conjugated formed by one island) or complex, and the latter are represented by several varieties. The identification of various morphological types, subtypes and varieties of braided channel reaches is directly connected and determines the methods of channel processes management in water economy and water transport development of rivers, construction of communications through rivers, etc.


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