scholarly journals The Influence of Intra-Day Non-Uniformity of Operation of Large Hydroelectric Powerplants on the Performance Stability of Water Intakes Located in Their Upper Pools

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3577
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lyubimova ◽  
Anatoly Lepikhin ◽  
Yanina Parshakova ◽  
Andrey Bogomolov ◽  
Yury Lyakhin
Keyword(s):  
Water Discharge ◽  
Lower Pool ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Upper Pool

The creation of reservoirs in water streams leads to significant changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies: it allows smoothing the peaks of maximum water discharge during a flood period and regulating low-water flow. The creation of reservoirs with significant storage capacity makes it possible to solve a wide range of water-management problems, including the use of falling water energy for hydropower purposes, and maintenance of the uninterrupted water supply and navigation. Since constructed dams are usually operated by hydropower companies, the regulatory regime for the discharge of water into the lower pool is often determined by the daily electricity consumption regime. Intra-day variations in the volume of water discharges through hydroelectric power stations generate multidirectional streams in the upper pool, which can affect the operation of other water withdrawal systems. This paper considers the effect of intraday variations in water discharges into the lower pool on the dynamic and physical properties of the water mass in the region of the location of drinking water-intake heads of Perm city and the quality of the withdrawn water.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Dnieper Alluvial Riverbed Stability Affected by Intervention Discharge Downstream of Kaniv Dam

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Obodovskyi ◽  
Michał Habel ◽  
Dawid Szatten ◽  
Zakhar Rozlach ◽  
Zygmunt Babiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Discharge ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Channel Stability ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Unconsolidated Material

Along the middle reaches of the Dnieper River in central Ukraine, braided riverbeds with many islands have developed in alluvial valleys. In the 1970s, six dams were commissioned, and respective monitoring infrastructure was installed. Riverbanks and valley floors composed of unconsolidated material have much lower bank strengths and are susceptible to fluvial erosion and bank collapse, particularly during the release of high flow volumes from hydropower dams. The regulation of the Dnieper River along a cascade of storage reservoirs caused significant changes in its active river channel and hydrological regime. In order to estimate channel stability downstream of the Kaniv reservoir, we conducted an analysis of the hydraulic conditions in terms of changes in flow velocity and propagation of waves caused by intervention water discharges from the Kaniv Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP). In this paper, we assess the hydromorphological parameters of the studied river reach as well as the characteristics of the related erosion and deposition zones. Therefore, a monitoring framework for channel processes (MCP) downstream of the Kaniv HPP was installed. The analysis of the intervention discharge parameters was conducted based on measurements from July 2015. Channel stability was expressed by the following factors: Lohtin’s number (L), Makkaveev’s (Kc) factor of stability, and a complex index of stability (Mx) by Grishanin. This study shows that the velocity of artificial wave propagation may reach a speed of up to 74.4 km·h−1. The wave propagates for a distance of approx. 45 km within 65 min at a mean velocity of 37.4 km·h−1. The L, Kc, and Mx indicators used in this work showed that when water discharge increased (e.g., during typical peak-capacity operation), the channel becomes unstable and sediments are subject to erosion processes. The riverbed stability indicators clearly illustrate that an increase in parameter values is not dependent on the distance to the dam. The results are valuable for sustainable sediment management at catchment scale and hence, directly applicable in water management.

scholarly journals The analysis of the channel deformations in the lower pool of the Votkinsk reservoir

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Svetlana Dvinskikh ◽  
Dmitriy Klimenko ◽  
Olga Larchenko ◽  
Konstantin Minkin
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Lower Pool ◽  
Hydroelectric Station ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
Sand And Gravel

The sand and gravel mix is mined at the Votkinsk reservoir. This leads to horizontal and vertical channel deformations. To study them, we examined the Golyanovsk section of the sand and gravel mix (SAGM) field in the lower pool of the reservoir. We used the channel surveys made in 2012-2016, 2018 and 2019 as the source of cartographic materials. The lower pool section of the Votkinsk hydroelectric complex, within which the Golyanovsk SAGM field is located, is characterized by a fully regulated effluent and an unsteady hydrological regime. Therefore, the hydrological regime of the considered area is particularly complex and depends on the water consumption in the alignment of the Votkinsk hydroelectric station and the level of the Nizhnekamsk reservoir. The average long-term water discharge for the navigation period is 2200 m3/s, the average long-term minimum monthly discharge rate is 1800 m3/s. The field survey of the area was carried out during the low water period in accordance. This period was characterized by minimum levels at around 64.79-65.24 m BS. The water discharge varied between 1720-1780 m3/s. With this flow, the Kama River is characterized by fairly low flow speed: no more than 1.29 m/s on the rod and 0.2-0.5 m/s on the riverbank shallows. The channel deposits are represented by pebble-gravel soils of various sizes. Throughout 2001-2019 an increase in the particle size has occurred. This is due to the change of the channel-forming process from accumulation to erosion. Horizontal deformations are represented by the reformation of the riverbanks, vertical – by accumulation and erosion of bottom. Drawdown levels are the result of natural deformations of the channel. According to the monitoring data, the duration of the “drawdown – growth” cycle is 2-3 years. The duration of the “drawdown – growth” cycle is 2-3 years.

scholarly journals Riparian vegetation affected by bank erosion in the Lower São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Sandro Rodrigues Holanda ◽  
Laura Galvão da Cunha Santos ◽  
Cícero Marques dos Santos ◽  
Ana Patrícia Barreto Casado ◽  
Alceu Pedrotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
The Waves

Changes in the hydrological regime of the Lower São Francisco River, located in Northeastern Brazil have brought negative environmental impacts, jeopardizing the flora and fauna of a global biodiversity hotspot, due to implementation of hydroelectric power dams and surface water withdrawal for irrigation in public and private perimeters. Remnants of the riparian stratum associated to the riverbank destabilization in six fragments were studied by surveying trees, shrubs, herbs, and aquatic species. The calculation of the Factor of Safety (FS) was performed in order to understand the riverbank's stability related to soil texture and vegetation cover. An overall number of 51 botanic families distributed in 71 genera and 79 species were recorded, predominantly from the families Mimosaceae, Myrtaceae, and Fabaceae. The fragmented riparian vegetation is mostly covered by secondary species under a strong anthropogenic impact such as deforestation, mining and irrigation, with an advanced erosion process in the river margins. Strong species that withstand the waves present in the river flow are needed to reduce the constant landslides that are mainly responsible for the river sedimentation and loss of productive lands. A lack of preservation attitude among the local landholders was identified, and constitutes a continuing threat to the riparian ecosystem biodiversity.

scholarly journals The simulation model for a flood management by flood control facilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 15002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Davydov ◽  
Valery Antonov ◽  
Dmitry Molodtsov ◽  
Alexey Cheremisin ◽  
Vadim Korablev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Environmental Requirements

The rapid spread of storm floods over large areas requires flood management throughout the river basin by the creation an innovative system of flood control facilities of various functional purposes distributed in the area. The central part of the system is the hydro system with hydro power plant. In addition, the flood control facilities on the side tributaries with self-regulating reservoir are included in the system. To assess the effect of controlling extreme water discharges by flood control facilities, it is necessary to develop special mathematical models reflecting the specifics of their operation. Unified mathematical models of the operation modes of a hydro complex with hydroelectric power station and flood control facility are created. They are implemented in a computer program that provides the ability to determine the main parameters and operating characteristics of hydro systems when performing multivariate calculations in a wide range of initial data. This makes possible specifying the parameters and operation modes of each hydro system with the current economic and environmental requirements, to assess the energy-economic and environmental consequences in the operation of the system of flood control facilities distributed in the area. The article analyses the results of the extreme water discharge’s regulation by the hydro system on the main river and flood control facilities on the side tributaries, considering environmental requirements.

A comparison of traceable spatial angle autocollimator calibrations performed by PTB and VTT MIKES

Metrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf D Geckeler ◽  
Matthias Schumann ◽  
Andreas Just ◽  
Michael Krause ◽  
Antti Lassila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Systematic Measurement ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Optical Surface ◽  
Transfer Standard ◽  
Surface Normal ◽  
National Metrology Institutes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation

Abstract Autocollimators are versatile devices for angle metrology used in a wide range of applications in engineering and manufacturing. A modern electronic autocollimator generally features two measuring axes and can thus fully determine the surface normal of an optical surface relative to it in space. Until recently, however, the calibration capabilities of the national metrology institutes were limited to plane angles. Although it was possible to calibrate both measuring axes independently of each other, it was not feasible to determine their crosstalk if angular deflections were present in both axes simultaneously. To expand autocollimator calibrations from plane angles to spatial angles, PTB and VTT MIKES have created dedicated calibration devices which are based on different measurement principles and accomplish the task of measurand traceability in different ways. Comparing calibrations of a transfer standard makes it possible to detect systematic measurement errors of the two devices and to evaluate the validity of their uncertainty budgets. The importance of measurand traceability via calibration for a broad spectrum of autocollimator applications is one of the motivating factors behind the creation of both devices and for this comparison of the calibration capabilities of the two national metrology institutes. The latter is the focus of the work presented here.

scholarly journals Limits to the European Commission – Managing Services of General Interests

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Ząbkowicz
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Services Of General Interest ◽  
The Eu

Services of general interest form an essential element of the European model of society as a way to increase quality of life and to overcome social exclusion and isolation. They are also at the core of the public debate touching the central question of the role public authorities and the institutions of the European Union play in a market economy. The competencies and responsibilities conferred by the Treaty, the EU regulations and directives lay emphasis on the essential role and the wide discretion of national, regional and local authorities in defining, organizing, financing and monitoring services of general interest. The same time the EU Law provide the European Commission with a wide range of means of action to ensure the compliance of the process of organizing and financing such services according to a comprehensive regulatory regime at Community level to make them compatible with the internal market and to prevent a distortion of the competition rules. The paper indicates divergences of the points of view of public authorities and the Commission on their role, shared responsibility and powers in that process.

scholarly journals Analysis of Climate Change in the Area of Vojvodina-Republic of Serbia and Possible Consequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Andreja Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Digital Terrain Modeling ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Linear Correlations

Climate change conditions a wide range of impacts such as the impact on weather, but also on ecosystems and biodiversity, agriculture and forestry, human health, hydrological regime and energy. In addition to global warming, local factors affecting climate change are being considered. Presentation and analysis of the situation was carried out using geoinformation technologies (radar recording, remote detection, digital terrain modeling, cartographic visualization and geostatistics). This paper describes methods and use of statistical indicators such as LST, NDVI and linear correlations from which it can be concluded that accelerated construction and global warming had an impact on climate change in period from 1987 to 2018 in the area of Vojvodina – Republic of Serbia. Also, using the global SRTM DEM, it is shown how the temperature behaves based on altitude change. Conclusions and possible consequences in nature and society were derived.

scholarly journals Barite-containing radiation protective building materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Novikov ◽  
Svetlana V. Samchenko ◽  
Galina E. Okolnikova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Linear Absorption ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation

Due to the active development of industries using nuclear technology, the creation of highly effective and cost-effective building materials for protection against hazardous ionizing radiation is of increasing interest. Widespread in the field of radiation-protective building materials are barite-containing concrete. The purpose of this article is to establish the prospects of their use in nuclear facilities, as well as to find ways to improve their technical and operational characteristics. For this an analysis of relevant literature and scientific research in the field of radiation-protective materials and, in particular, barite-containing concrete was carried out. The advantages of barite-containing concrete are high radiation-protective properties, environmental friendliness, high density, as well as economic indicators. The disadvantages are high susceptibility to shrinkage deformation and poor resistance to cyclic temperature effects. The addition of barite to the concrete composition allows to increase the coefficient of linear absorption of -rays of the material; also, with the proper selection of the composition, such material may have strength characteristics equal to or superior to the characteristics of concrete with standard compositions. Barite-containing materials have a wide range of applications and can be used both for the production of heavy concrete in the construction of load-bearing structures and in the creation of radiation-protective coatings for walls and floors.

scholarly journals SPECIALIZATION AS A SYSTEMIC TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GARMENT INDUSTRY IN DIGITALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (32) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
L.R. Girfanova ◽  
◽  
R.R. Abdyrasulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Garment Industry ◽  
Additive Technologies ◽  
Light Industry ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Digital Shadow

The development of digital technologies offers a wide range of opportunities to increase production efficiency, which relies on known tools and methods that transform in modern conditions. Many researchers note that the specialization most characteristic of complex knowledge-intensive industries has high prospects and is evident in all sectors of the national economy. Its combination with cooperation and outsourcing brings momentum to the development of both individual enterprises and the industry as a whole. It has been found that in light industry, which had a developed system of specializations, the return to this practice is difficult due to significant changes in the industries related to the liquidation of large mass production enterprises and the lag in the creation of digital twins, which are the basis at the stage of production preparation. Lost in the process of transition to a market economy, large production with a complete cycle is now successfully replaced by specialized small and medium-sized production, using high-performance equipment combined with modern digital technologies. It is obvious that the garment industry has entered a new cycle of development characterized by a high degree of specialization against the background of the application of digital technologies at all stages of the product life cycle. The significant lag in the application of digital technologies at the stage of production of light industry products is overcome, especially in the transition to additive technologies. It is noted that the digital shadow complements the information digital twin, which is especially relevant from the point of view of production. The introduction of digital technologies in specialized industries allows to achieve higher productivity and payback of invested capital than in standard production, where such investment is "blurred" due to the lag of related processes of the enterprise. It has been revealed that the modern stage of development of light industry is characterized by the application of fundamentally new technologies based on the creation of a digital twin and digital shadow, which create prerequisites for industrial application of additive technologies in industry. Key words: specialization, cooperation, digitalization, development of light industry

scholarly journals Рукописное наследие татарских ученых в фондах Института востоковедения Академии Наук Республики Узбекистан

Islamology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Saidakbar Mukhammadaminov
Keyword(s):  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is dedicated to the manuscript heritage of Tatar scholars held in Abu Rayhan Beruni Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, one of the richest manuscript repositories in the world. Works of manuscripts of Tatar theologians such as Abdurahim Utyz-Imyani, Abu al-Nasr Qursawi, Shihabaddin Mardjani, and Hisam al-Din b. Sharaf al- Din al-Bulgari, Kamal al-Din b. Siraj al-Din al-Uribfori al-Kazani, ̒Ayn al-Din b. Jalal al-Din al-Kazani, Abu al-Sharaf Husain b. Abu Umar al- Bulgari, Muhammad Latif b. Abdulislam al-Bulgari are analyzed. Based on a review of the manuscripts, it is established that some of them have not yet been catalogued. It is argued that the works of Tatar scholars were mainly devoted to religious subjects. The role of Tatar scholars in the creation of commentaries and works on legal, medical and Sufi terms is analyzed in order to make the works accessible to a wide range of people seeking knowledge.

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