scholarly journals Policy, Technology, and Management Options for Water Conservation in the Ogallala Aquifer in Kansas, USA

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3406
Author(s):  
Jean L. Steiner ◽  
Daniel L. Devlin ◽  
Sam Perkins ◽  
Jonathan P. Aguilar ◽  
Bill Golden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Ogallala Aquifer ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Irrigation Technology

The Ogallala Aquifer underlies 45 million ha, providing water for approximately 1.9 million people and supporting the robust agriculture economy of the US Great Plains region. The Ogallala Aquifer has experienced severe depletion, particularly in the Southern Plains states. This paper presents policy innovations that promote adoption of irrigation technology, and management innovations. Innovation in Kansas water policy has had the dual effects of increasing the authority of the state to regulate water while also providing more flexibility and increasing local input to water management and regulation. Technology innovations have focused on improved timing and placement of water. Management innovations include soil water monitoring, irrigation scheduling, soil health management and drought-tolerant varieties, crops, and cropping systems. The most noted success has been in the collective action which implemented a Local Enhanced Management Area (LEMA), which demonstrated that reduced water pumping resulted in low to no groundwater depletion while maintaining net income. Even more encouraging is the fact that irrigators who have participated in the LEMA or other conservation programs have conserved even more water than their goals. Innovative policy along with creative local–state–federal and private–public partnerships are advancing irrigation technology and management. Flexibility through multi-year allocations, banking of water not used in a given year, and shifting water across multiple water rights or uses on a farm are promising avenues to engage irrigators toward more sustainable irrigation in the Ogallala region.

scholarly journals Crop Modeling Applications in Agricultural Water Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1959-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaya Kisekka ◽  
Kendall C. DeJonge ◽  
Liwang Ma ◽  
Joel Paz ◽  
Kyle Douglas-Mankin
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Crop Models ◽  
Introductory Article

Abstract. This article introduces the fourteen articles that comprise the “Crop Modeling and Decision Support for Optimizing Use of Limited Water” collection. This collection was developed from a special session on crop modeling applications in agricultural water management held at the 2016 ASABE Annual International Meeting (AIM) in Orlando, Florida. In addition, other authors who were not able to attend the 2016 ASABE AIM were also invited to submit papers. The articles summarized in this introductory article demonstrate a wide array of applications in which crop models can be used to optimize agricultural water management. The following section titles indicate the topics covered in this collection: (1) evapotranspiration modeling (one article), (2) model development and parameterization (two articles), (3) application of crop models for irrigation scheduling (five articles), (4) coordinated water and nutrient management (one article), (5) soil water management (two articles), (6) risk assessment of water-limited irrigation management (one article), and (7) regional assessments of climate impact (two articles). Changing weather and climate, increasing population, and groundwater depletion will continue to stimulate innovations in agricultural water management, and crop models will play an important role in helping to optimize water use in agriculture. Keywords: Agricultural water management, Crop modeling, Evapotranspiration, Irrigation, Irrigation scheduling.

scholarly journals Simulating the Long-Term Effects of Fertilizer and Water Management on Grain Yield and Methane Emissions of Paddy Rice in Thailand

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Nittaya Cha-un ◽  
Amnat Chidthaisong ◽  
Kazuyuki Yagi ◽  
Sirintornthep Towprayoon
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Rice Cropping Systems

Rice is an important economic crop in Thailand. However, paddy rice fields are one of the largest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) emissions. Therefore, suitable crop management practice is necessary to reduce CH4 emissions while rice grain yield is maintained. This study aimed to evaluate appropriate options of fertilizer and water management practices for Thai rice cultivation with regards to improving rice grain yield and reducing CH4 emissions. The Denitrification–Decomposition (DNDC) model was used to simulate grain yield and the emission of CH4 under the three fertilizer options (chemical fertilizer (F), manure (M) and chemical fertilizer + manure (F + M)) with three water management options (continuous flooding (CF), mid-season drainage (MD) and alternate wet and dry (AWD)) during the years 2011–2050. Rain-fed and irrigated rice cropping systems were used. A total of 24 sites distributed in 22 provinces were studied. The data sets of daily climate, soil properties, and rice management practices were required as inputs in the model. Model validation with observation data in a field experiment indicated that simulated grain yields (R2 = 0.83, slope = 0.98, NRMES = 0.30) and cumulative seasonal CH4 emissions (R2 = 0.83, slope = 0.74, NRMES = 0.43) were significantly and positively correlated with the observation. At the end of the simulation period (2046–2050), fertilizer management options of F and F + M gave more grain yield than the M management option by 1–44% in rain-fed rice cropping and 104–190% in irrigated rice cropping system, respectively. Among options, the lower CH4 emissions were found in AWD water management options. The appropriate options with regard to maintaining grain yield and reducing CH4 emissions in the long term were suggested to be F + M with AWD for the rain-fed rice, and F with AWD for the irrigated rice cropping systems.

scholarly journals Assessment of Alternative Agricultural Land Use Options for Extending the Availability of the Ogallala Aquifer in the Northern High Plains of Texas

Hydrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Gary Marek ◽  
Thomas Marek ◽  
Jerry Moorhead ◽  
Kevin Heflin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Ogallala Aquifer ◽  
Dryland Farming

The Ogallala Aquifer has experienced a continuous decline in water levels due to decades of irrigation pumping with minimal recharge. Corn is one of the major irrigated crops in the semi-arid Northern High Plains (NHP) of Texas. Selection of less water-intensive crops may provide opportunities for groundwater conservation. Modeling the long-term hydrologic impacts of alternative crops can be a time-saving and cost-effective alternative to field-based experiments. A newly developed management allowed depletion (MAD) irrigation scheduling algorithm for Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used in this study. The impacts of irrigated farming, dryland farming, and continuous fallow on water conservation were evaluated. Results indicated that simulated irrigation, evapotranspiration, and crop yield were representative of the measured data. Approximately 19%, 21%, and 32% reductions in annual groundwater uses were associated with irrigated soybean, sunflower, and sorghum, respectively, as compared to irrigated corn. On average, annual soil water depletion was more than 52 mm for dryland farming scenarios. In contrast, only 18 mm of soil water was lost to evaporation annually, for the long-term continuous fallow simulation. The fallow scenario also showed 31 mm of percolation for aquifer recharge.

scholarly journals A Review of Landscape Water Requirements Using a Multicomponent Landscape Coefficient

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2039-2058
Author(s):  
Richard G. Allen ◽  
Michael D. Dukes ◽  
Richard L. Snyder ◽  
Roger Kjelgren ◽  
Ayse Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Decoupling Method ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Landscape Water

HighlightsA multi-component decoupling method for the landscape coefficient is described that provides a thorough means to estimate the water requirements of landscapes.The decoupling method considers differences in vegetation type, density, local climate, and soil water management.Methods for incorporating managed stress and frequency of irrigation are described.Winter or dormant season ET is described.The procedure in ASABE Standard S623 is a simpler form of the multi-component procedure and is complementary.Abstract. Water requirements of landscapes are highly variable due to the heterogeneous natures of landscapes, vegetation types, influence of buildings, and nutrient and water management. Objectives for water management of landscapes are for general appearance and health rather than for maximum biomass production. A multi-component method developed for the Irrigation Association (IA) and extended from the California WUCOLS procedure is demonstrated in which the landscape coefficient (KL, equivalent to a crop coefficient) is broken down into four components: vegetation type, vegetation density, microclimate, and managed stress. Each of these components can be estimated using readily made descriptions of a landscaped area and management objectives. One form of the KL equation is used to determine target KL that incorporates a target amount of soil water stress to support water conservation and to support water planning studies. A second form of the KL equation can be used to estimate the actual KL occurring under actual water management. The second form is used in studies of water balances and actual water conservation. The general decoupled equation is further expanded to optionally incorporate impacts of evaporation from exposed soil to assess impacts of irrigation frequency on total water consumption. The mathematics for the approach can be incorporated into software applications and smart irrigation controllers to produce improved water consumption estimates for landscape water requirements for use in irrigation scheduling, water requirement planning, and water depletion studies. The simplified procedure for estimating landscape water requirements in ASABE Standard S623 that is complementary to the IA procedure is discussed and compared. Both methods use a vegetation type and density system as the basis for efficiently estimating scientifically accurate landscape water requirements. Keywords: . Evapotranspiration, Irrigation requirements, Landscape coefficients, Landscape water requirements, Managed Stress, Microclimates, NAIP areal imagery.

scholarly journals The new EU water framework directive and participative evaluation processes: use of multicriteria tools in the evaluation of water management options in the Costa Del Sol (south Spain)

Geografie ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-169
Author(s):  
Pilar Paneque Salgado ◽  
Serafín Corral Quintana ◽  
Ângela Guimarăes Pereira ◽  
Leandro Del Moral Ituarte ◽  
Belén Pedregal Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Water Ecosystems ◽  
Management Alternatives

The European Union Water Framework Directive has become an engine of change in water policy, particularly in so far as it prioritises the rational use of water, restoration of the good ecological status of water ecosystems and public participation - diversity of perspectives and values - in decision-making, as a vital instrument to achieve these aims. This paper presents the results of the implementation of a participatory evaluation process to assess water management alternatives for the water supply in the Costa del Sol Occidental area in the province of Malaga. The techniques used in the process were multi-criteria evaluation and social research, with the involvement of the social actors identified in the analysis as a central tenet. It is maintained that by implementing participatory processes, it is possible to arrive at unconventional diagnoses, which can be developed into innovative water management alternatives, and that by taking into account all the values and interests at stake, it is possible to find solutions that overcome inertia, look beyond shortterm considerations and rationalize social conflicts and resistance.

Precision farming technologies for water and nutrient management in rice: Challenges and opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (Special) ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Rahul Tripathi ◽  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
P Guru ◽  
M Debnath ◽  
SD Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Use Efficiency

Enhancing the productivity of crops while reducing the environmental footprint are the major challenges especially for rice farming. Precison farming helps in optimising inputs such as fertilizers and water in tune with crop requirement recognizing the spatial and temporal variabilities within and across field. The precision tools viz. Remote sensing, site specific nutrient management systems, global positioning system (GPS), geographical information system (GIS), variable rate applicator, models and decision support system are used for implementing precision rice farming. The precision nutrient management technology like site specific nutrient management options, using sensors for estimating nutrient content in soil and crop and estimating the spatial variability of nutrients and mapping for variable rate fertiliser application helps in achieving the higher nutrient use efficiency compared to conventional practices. Similarly the precision water management such as sensors for moisture content determination and irrigation scheduling increases the water use efficiency. This paper covers the progress made in PF technologies for nutrient and water management focussing on challenged and opportunities in adoption of these technologies.

scholarly journals Challenges of Water Sensitive Cities in Mexico: The Case of the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Jose Arturo Gleason ◽  
Cesar Casiano Flores
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Sensitive Stage

Mexico is currently facing important water management challenges. Cities in the country are facing water scarcity and at the same time they struggle with floods during the raining season. The water sensitive urban design (WSUD) approach has proved to be helpful around the world in tackling urban water challenges such as floods or water scarcity. The WSUD approach highlights the role of both the water cycle and the water utilities systems, when transitioning towards a water sensitive stage. Therefore, the objective of this research is to demonstrate the relevance for cities of a WSUD approach by analyzing the current situation of the water cycle and the water utility in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara (MAG). This research proposes a case study approach. Within our case of study, we focused on the water cycle and the water utilities system (Sistema Intermunicipal de los Servicios de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado (SIAPA)) and ask two questions: (1) What are the causes of water scarcity and flooding in the MAG? and (2) What are the proposals to solve these problems under a WSUD approach? By answering these questions, we identified that the water management in the MAG corresponds to a single purpose infrastructure. This type of water management is common in developing cities and does not contribute to solve the problems of water scarcity and floods. The water supply policy is based only on the construction of large dams disregarding the storage and use of rainwater, and reuse of greywater, and water-conservation devices. In order to transition towards a water sensitive stage, changes in the water policy need to take place and a WSUD approach that includes multi-purpose infrastructure, should be considered.

Water Governance and Management in Indus Basin - Challenges & Threats

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marium Sara Minhas Bandeali
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The State ◽  
Indus Basin

Water governance and management are important challenges for the River Indus Basin in Pakistan. Water governance refers to social, political and economic factors that influence water management. The water scarcity and water security are a major concern for the state to control its water resources. The study aims to give Sindh water policy by exploring the challenges to Indus Basin in managing water resources and to identify opportunities Indus Basin can look to improve water management. Interviews were conducted from water experts and analysts having 5 years’ experience or more in the water sector of Pakistan through a semi-structured self-developed questionnaire using purposive sampling technique and transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The findings show that increasing population, climatic change and rising demand of water are major challenges Indus is facing and Indus with time is getting water-scarce therefore need strong institutions, civil society and legislatures to ensure equitable distribution of water and maintain the ecosystem. The study emphasizes that water governance and management are necessary for sustainable use of water. Pakistan, the water stress country needs to address ‘governance’ at a wider scale to solve problems in the Indus Basin for the livelihood of people. The research will benefit the state, water experts, institutions as well as civil society to promote efficient use of water in Indus Basin.

CALCULATION PARAMETERS OF SPRINKLING MACHINES WITH COMBINED FRONTAL AND CIRCULAR MOVEMENT

1970 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
N. N. Dubenok ◽  
G. V. Olgarenko ◽  
B. S. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Calculated Data ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Linear Mode ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Center Pivot ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
The Given ◽  
Operation Characteristics

If the center pivot or linear moving irrigation machines are operated with their own individual irrigation technologies, but the irrigation machines with combined center-pivot and linear moving mode are operated on one field in turn as a center pivot and as a linear. The goal of this work is creation of theoretical base for calculation of improved irrigation machines parameters and existing irrigation equipment modernizing, according to the different natural conditions. The research object is investigation of characteristics of rain delivered from irrigation machines with combined center-pivot and linear moving mode, assuring uniform irrigation distribution according to the irrigation technology and operation parameters, size and configuration of seasonal norm as well as to the irrigation scheduling. The pointed goal is achieved by the given problem solving, when having basic data on the irrigation norm and time, as well as operation characteristics and the irrigation area configuration, the predicted hydro modulus are calculated for the irrigation machine working in a center pivot and in a linear mode. The simulation of sprinkling devices operation on the machine is made by one universal formula, when on the plots irrigated in center pivot and linear mode is achieved equality of arranged hydro modulus to the corresponding calculated data. At that, are considered all the possible combinations of the total irrigated area parts, irrigated with different technologies.

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