Some aspects of fishery development of sturgeon hybrids in Russia. Part 2

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
Evgeny Alekseevich Melchenkov ◽  
Aleksey Vladimirovich Myshkin ◽  
Vera Veniaminovna Kalmykova ◽  
Aleksandr Pavlovich Vorob’yov ◽  
Arthur Alekseevich Archibasov
Keyword(s):  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Russian Sturgeon ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Sturgeon Fish ◽  
Hybrid Forms

With the development of commercial sturgeon breeding, creating hybrid forms of sturgeon fish in order to obtain a larger volume of gourmet marketable products is of increasing interest to fish farmers. The choice of objects for creating hybrid forms for commercial cultivation depends on the conditions and biotechnologies of intensive fish culture. One of the widely used technologies that can several times reduce the time for growing objects and receive viable juveniles and marketable products year-round is the technology using recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). With this cultivation technique, the advantage is given to species with high adaptive capabilities and growth intensity. The most popular objects for hybridization and creation of hybrid forms are beluga, sterlet, Siberian and Russian sturgeon, etc. Beluga is the largest representative of the sturgeon family. It reaches commodity weight (3–5 kg) against the background of natural temperatures within 2–3 years. The Sterlet is a pure freshwater form. It is an excellent object for cross-breeding with other sturgeon species, in particular with beluga to obtain a bester hybrid. The Siberian sturgeon grows most intensively at a temperature of 15–25°C, however, the growth persists at lower temperatures (1–10°C). The Russian sturgeon in artificial conditions reaches a marketable weight of 1.5–3.0 kg in the second-third years of cultivation. In order to facilitate the orientation of fish farms, fish farmers engaged in the production of commercial products, the article discusses the creation of hybrid forms of sturgeon fish in domestic and foreign aquaculture, provides their brief fish-breeding and biological characteristics when grown in fish farms of various types. Knowledge of the fish-breeding and biological characteristics of sturgeon fish species hybrids when grown in specific conditions will make it possible to successfully introduce them into the practice of commercial cultivation. English version of the article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/some-aspects-of-fishery-development-of-sturgeon-hybrids-in-russia-part-2/74467.html

Some aspects of fishery development of sturgeon hybrids in Russia. Part 1

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Evgeny Alekseevich Melchenkov ◽  
Aleksey Vladimirovich Myshkin ◽  
Vera Veniaminovna Kalmykova ◽  
Aleksandr Pavlovich Vorob’yov ◽  
Arthur Alekseevich Archibasov
Keyword(s):  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Russian Sturgeon ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Sturgeon Fish ◽  
Hybrid Forms

With the development of commercial sturgeon breeding, creating hybrid forms of sturgeon fish in order to obtain a larger volume of gourmet marketable products is of increasing interest to fish farmers. The choice of objects for creating hybrid forms for commercial cultivation depends on the conditions and biotechnologies of intensive fish culture. One of the widely used technologies that can several times reduce the time for growing objects and receive viable juveniles and marketable products year-round is the technology using recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). With this cultivation technique, the advantage is given to species with high adaptive capabilities and growth intensity. The most popular objects for hybridization and creation of hybrid forms are beluga, sterlet, Siberian and Russian sturgeon, etc. Beluga is the largest representative of the sturgeon family. It reaches commodity weight (3–5 kg) against the background of natural temperatures within 2–3 years. The Sterlet is a pure freshwater form. It is an excellent object for cross-breeding with other sturgeon species, in particular with beluga to obtain a bester hybrid. The Siberian sturgeon grows most intensively at a temperature of 15–25 °C, however, the growth persists at lower temperatures (1–10 °C). The Russian sturgeon in artificial conditions reaches a marketable weight of 1.5–3.0 kg in the second-third years of cultivation. In order to facilitate the orientation of fish farms, fish farmers engaged in the production of commercial products, the article discusses the creation of hybrid forms of sturgeon fish in domestic and foreign aquaculture, provides their brief fish-breeding and biological characteristics when grown in fish farms of various types. Knowledge of the fish-breeding and biological characteristics of sturgeon fish species hybrids when grown in specific conditions will make it possible to successfully introduce them into the practice of commercial cultivation.

Parasites of sturgeon fish in the conditions of artificial reproduction in the Astrakhan region

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Elena Voronina ◽  
Nadezhda Terpugova
Keyword(s):  
Production Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Russian Sturgeon ◽  
Artificial Reproduction ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Sturgeon Fish

Due to the reduction of stocks of valuable sturgeon species, the restoration of which is difficult due to the lack of natural reproduction, limited scale and low efficiency of artificial reproduction, the development of sturgeon breeding in the Astrakhan region in recent decades remains the most relevant direction of the fishing industry. The main damage to fish farms is caused by infectious and invasive diseases. Epizootic well-being of enterprises depends largely on timely applied preventive measures, ichthyopathological monitoring and production control. This paper presents the results of a parasitological survey of different age groups of sturgeon fish in conditions of artificial reproduction, which is one of the methods for assessing the epizootic situation on a fish farm. The parasitofauna of Russian sturgeon and Beluga combined ectotrophic organisms of a direct development cycle widely distributed in aquaculture — protozoa, crustaceans, leeches. Producers of Beluga and sturgeon larvae each have two types of parasites with a low level of infestation. Producers of Russian sturgeon were distinguished by their parasitic purity. The qualitative composition of parasites of young sturgeon fish grown in ponds was more diverse and in different years included 5-6 species with a predominance in young Russian sturgeon. This age group had the highest level of invasion by epizootically significant parasites. The 35 % of the examined fish had mixed infestations. The parasite fauna of larvae and juveniles of Russian sturgeon and Beluga combined common species: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Ichthiobodo necatоr. The detected organisms did not show pathogenicity to their host, but the presence of parasites with a high epizootic potential indicates the preservation and functioning of the centers of infestation on the farm.

ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE INDICATORS OF FIRSTMATURED HYBRID FORMS OF STURGEON

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Akhmetzhanova ◽  
◽  
Zakari Miburo ◽  
S.V. Ponomarev ◽  
Y.V. Fedorovykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Russian Sturgeon ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Siberian Species ◽  
Hybrid Forms

The article presents data on morphological and physiological parameters of first-matured females of Russian sturgeon and its hybrid form with a Siberian species, grown in artificial conditions by LLC “Akvatrade”, operating in the Lower Volga region (Astrakhan region). It was found that Russian sturgeon juveniles adapt less satisfactorily to the low winter temperatures of the aquatic environment in comparison with hybrid forms with the Siberian species. As for the offspring obtained from hybrid females, their resistance to low winter temperatures of the aquatic environment was higher, most likely due to features inherited from the Siberian species.

Growing commodity tilapia in various experimental conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
F. A. Altayeva
Keyword(s):  
Fish Farming ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Short Time ◽  
High Fish ◽  
Experimental Ponds

The article presents the results of growing tilapia to marketable weight in experimental sites (Chilikskoye pond pond farms LLP, KATU named after S. Seifullin JSC and Kapshagai spawning farm — 1973 LLP). In the process of carrying out research works, the methods generally accepted in fish farming, hydrochemistry, hydrobiology, hydrology, ichthyology, as well as foreign normative and technical guidelines and methodological instructions on the technology of growing commercial tilapia in industrial conditions were used. Monitoring of hydrochemical analyses of water in ponds, swimming pools, and closed water supply installations is given. Fish-breeding and biological indicators of tilapia grown in various experimental conditions are presented. The results of the studies have shown the real possibility of growing tilapia in various conditions of fish farms in Kazakhstan. Based on the results of the work, the following conclusions were made: — satisfactory fish-breeding indicators were obtained with various cultivation technologies (as when growing tilapia in polyculture and monoculture in ponds, in pools, as well as cultivation in the recirculation system); — the cultivation of tilapia in the experimental ponds of the fish farm of the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan has shown the possibility of obtaining high fish-breeding biological indicators of tilapia and the ability to grow to marketable mass in a short time; — as a result of experimental cultivation in various conditions, it was found that the survival rate was not lower than 97%; — as a result of the analysis of the profitability indices of the developed technologies, it was found that the most profitable was the technology of growing marketable tilapia products in monoculture ponds on water with a natural thermal regime in Chilik Pond Economy LLP.

Comparative characteristics of the conditions for harvesting, transportation and spawning of pike perch in fish farms in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Nina Sergeevna Badryzlova
Keyword(s):  
State Enterprise ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Fish Hatchery ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Fish Tanks ◽  
White Clay

A description of biotechnical methods of harvesting pike perch in natural reservoirs, methods of catching pike perch spawners, keeping in adaptation cages and transporting pike perch from fishing sites to the farm is given. Pike perch breeders were caught from the reservoirs with fixed and floating nets during the period: in the Kapshagai reservoir from 10 to 20 April; in the Syrdarya river — from April 20 to May 5. The adaptation was carried out in cages located in the coastal zone. Transportation to the fish farm was carried out in live fish tanks with a volume of 1 and 3 m³ with water aeration. The reproduction of pike perch was carried out in two fish farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data on spawning of pike perch in two ways are given: in cages on nests; as well as the receipt of reproduction products by the factory method from “flowing” producers. In the first case, females and males were placed in cages in a ratio of 1:1 and 1:2; a spawning nest was installed in each cage and spawning was monitored. In the second case, from the “flowing” pike perch breeders ready for spawning, reproductive products (eggs and sperm) were obtained, fertilization and degluing were carried out with a suspension of white clay. The monitoring of hydrochemical indicators was constantly carried out, the dates of the beginning and end of spawning of pike perch were determined. The article presents the fish-breeding and biological characteristics of pike perch producers participating in spawning. The mass of spawned pike perch females in LLP “Halyk Balyk” ranged from 2 kg to 2.5 kg, males — 1.5–2.5 kg; females weighing 2.1–2.6 kg were used in the Republican State Enterprise “Kamyshly-Bashsky Fish Hatchery”; males — from 1.2 kg to 2.4 kg. Based on the results of the research, biotechnical standards were developed for the preparation of pike perch producers in water bodies, for transportation to fish farms, standards for spawning of pike perch in various ways.

scholarly journals Innovative Biotechnology of Artificial Reproduction of Fish Populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
П.Е. Гарлов
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Artificial Reproduction ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Critical Salinity

С целью повышения эффективности искусственного воспроизводства популяций ценных видов рыб разработаны новые методы управления их размножением, выживаемостью и ростом, которые представлены в виде изобретений. Для управления размножением производителей разработаны методы стимуляции и задержки полового созревания производителей осетровых и костистых рыб. Для стимуляции полового созревания были разработаны препараты изолированной передней и изолированной задней долей гипофиза. Их внедрение в осетроводстве позволило повысить степень их рыбоводного использования в среднем на 15% и достичь экономии гипофиза до 40%. Для задержки полового созревания производителей разработан метод их промышленного резервирования в среде критической солёности 4–8‰, причём как в морской воде, так и в растворах поваренной соли. Производственными испытаниями доказана возможность сохранения рыбоводного качества производителей и получения доброкачественного потомства в этой среде при верхних нерестовых температурах в течение производственно необходимых сроков. С целью заводского воспроизводства природных популяций промысловых рыб разработан метод управления их размножением триадой адекватных экологических факторов ‒ «критической» солёностью, температурой и освещённостью при видоспецифических пороговых воздействиях. На этой основе разработан полносистемный метод воспроизводства популяций ценных видов промысловых рыб (севрюги и Балтийского лосося), охватывающий все этапы заводской биотехники. Новый метод осуществляется путём массовой морской заготовки производителей, получения потомства в морских садках и, после заводского речного выращивания молоди до готовности к миграции, конечного доращивания в морских садках крупной жизнестойкой молоди. Для промышленного внедрения всей предложенной биотехники и круглогодичной аквакультуры разработаны системы водоснабжения рыбоводных заводов и рыбоводных хозяйств на основе внесезонного подземного гидрокондиционирования среды выращивания и на природно-промышленных принципах инженерной экологии. In order to increase the efficiency of artificial reproduction of populations of valuable fish species new methods for managing their reproduction, survival and growth have been developed, which are presented in the form of inventions. To control the reproduction of producers methods have been developed to stimulate and delay puberty of sturgeon and bony fish producers. To stimulate puberty preparations for the isolated anterior and isolated posterior lobes of the pituitary gland have been developed. Their introduction in sturgeon breeding made it possible to increase the degree of their fish farming use by an average of 15% and to achieve a pituitary gland economy of up to 40%. To delay the puberty of producers, a method for their industrial reservation in an environment of critical salinity of 4–8‰ has been developed both in sea water and in solutions of sodium chloride. Production tests have proven the possibility of preserving the fish-breeding quality of producers and obtaining benign offspring in this environment at the upper spawning temperatures during the production required periods of time. With the aim of factory reproduction of natural populations of commercial fish a method has been developed to control their reproduction by a triad of adequate ecological factors – “critical” salinity, temperature and illumination under species-specific threshold effects. On this basis a full-system method of reproducing populations of valuable species of commercial fish (stellate sturgeon and Baltic salmon) has been developed covering all stages of factory biotechnology. The new method is carried out by mass marine harvesting of producers obtaining offspring in sea pens and after the factory river rearing of hatchling until ready for migration the final rearing of large viable juveniles in sea pens. For the industrial introduction of all the proposed biotechnics and year-round aquaculture, water supply systems for fish breeding plants and fish farms were developed on the basis of off-season underground hydroconditioning of the growing environment and on the natural and industrial principles of engineering ecology.

Parasitological monitoring of fish farm factories

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наумова ◽  
A. Naumova ◽  
Наумова ◽  
A. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Fish Farming ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors

Objective of research: to perform the parasitological monitoring we have to study the parasite fauna in fishes from different fish farm factories, calculate the index of similarity, estimate the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the ecosystem of fish-breeding reservoirs. Materials and methods: parasitological monitoring of factory fish farms was conducted by the method of complete and incomplete parasitological examination taking into account the data obtained from various fish-breeding reservoirs. Results and discussion: the parasite fauna of cyprinid fishes is represented by 56 species, carriage of causative agents of parasitic diseases in fishes is detected. Index of similarity of parasite fauna in carps has been studied and typification of agricultural reservoirs carried out. Index of similarity between the parasite fauna in carp and herbivorous fish was 22–33 %, carp and rough fish - 18–30,7 %. Influence of abiotic (oxidability, reduction of oxygen and nitrogen ammonia concentration, mineralization) and biotic – anthropogenic factors (violation of processing technologies, veterinary and sanitary rules of fish transport and fish farming operations) on fish infestation with parasites was studied. The role of parasitological monitoring in prevention and elimination of fish diseases was shown.

scholarly journals Mathematical model for predicting oxygen concentration in tilapia fish farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Khater ◽  
Adel Bahnasawy ◽  
Hossam El-Ghobashy ◽  
Yousry Shaban ◽  
Faisal Elsheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Oxygen Generator ◽  
Oxygen Addition ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe main aim of this research is to develop a mathematical model to predict the dissolved oxygen in recirculating aquaculture system. The oxygen consumption of the model through the fish respiration and nitrification and the oxygen addition of the model through oxygen generator and water pumping. The effect of different water temperatures (24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 °C) on the dissolved oxygen consumption through fish respiration, biofilter and nitrification and fish growth were studied. An experiment to measure oxygen consumed by fish respiration and biofilteration and fish growth with the growth period and to validate the model results was carried out. The oxygen consumption predicted by the model was in a good agreement with those measured by the system. The oxygen consumption by fish respiration ranged 12.04 to 47.53 g O2 m−3 h−1 experimentally, while it was from 12.01 to 46.06 g O2 m−3 h−1 theoretically. The predicted and measured oxygen consumption through biofilteration values ranged from 0.43 to 21.91 and 0.45 to 23.09 g O2 m−3 h−1, respectively. The individual fish weight from the system ranged from 3.00 to 209.52 g experimentally while it was from 3.00 to 226.25 g theoretically during the whole period.

scholarly journals The Structure of the Natural Microbiome of Sturgeons

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Method ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Coincidence Index ◽  
Acipenser Nudiventris ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Sturgeon Fish

In order to determine the structure of the natural microbiome of sturgeons grown in a recirculating aquaculture system, samples from the surfaces of the fish body and systems of organs that have the most frequent contacts with external environment (surface of the skin, respiratory and digestive organs of fish) were studied. Pieces of fins, fragments of gill filaments and contents of the intestine were taken from ten conditionally healthy spiny sturgeons (Acipenser nudiventris) kept in two nursery pools and were used as the material for research. To conduct the study of the metagenome of sturgeon fish, the following was performed: extraction of DNA samples in accordance with the kit manufacturer instructions; analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the fragments; processing of the obtained sequences using conventional methods. The level of community diversity was assessed using the following environmental indicators: the Simpson (evenness), Chao (richness) and Shannon coefficients. Сluster analysis was used to assess diversity between communities (beta diversity). The Dice coincidence index, which accounts only for the presence or absence of a taxon, was used as a similarity measure. It was found that the highest values for all three estimates were characteristic of communities obtained from the surface of the gills and the lowest values were observed in communities obtained from intestinal scrapings. The results of cluster analysis with the use of the principal component method showed that the intestinal microbiomes of the two pools had the greatest difference and the microbiomes of the fin surfaces had the smallest difference. Thus, the dependence of the degree of differences between microbiomes on the pool they were obtained from increased in the following order: fin surface communities – gill surface communities – intestinal communities. Microbiomes obtained from the surface organs of fish were more similar to each other and intestinal microbiomes were less.

EXPERIENCE IN BREEDING THE THE NILE TILAPIA FOR COMMERCIAL NEEDS IN PONDS OF "CHILIK FISH FARM" LLP OF THE ALMATY REGION

2017 ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Saya Kashkinbayevna Koyshibaeva ◽  
Saule Zhangirovna Asylbekova ◽  
Nina Sergeevna Badryzlova ◽  
Damir Kayirkeldyevich Zharkenov ◽  
Kuanysh Baibulatovich Isbekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Geothermal Well ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Seeding Material ◽  
The Cost

The article presents the results of pilot project of the Nile tilapia fingerlings ( Oreochromis niloticus ) breeding for commercial needsin fish farms of the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan. Pilot fingerlings are cultivated from fingerlings grown in the reservoirs supplied with water from the geothermal well. The article provides values of fish-breeding and biological characteristics of the Nile tilapia commercial fingerlings grown in monocultural and polycultural ponds together with two-year-old species of grass carp and pike-perch. There has been given analysis of economic efficiency of the Nile tilapia commercial fingerlings growing in mono- and polycultural ponds; according to the analysis, the species grown in polyculture were found most cost effective. The survival rate of commercial fingerlings in ponds from seeding material (fingerlings grown in reservoirs with water supplied from the geothermal well) made 97-98%, fish capacity of the Nile tilapia commercial fingerlings in monocultural ponds - 15.4 dt/ha, in polycultural ponds - 12.3 dt/ha; cost effectiveness of tilapia growing - 8.8 and 21.3, correspondingly. As for the type of production, breeding commercial tilapia fingerlings is considered resource-intensive; the highest proportion in the cost price make artificial fodder (49.55%).

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