External Image as a Geopolitical contour of the National Idea of Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vinokurov
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Willingness To Sacrifice ◽  
Country Today

Taking into account the historical features of the development of the Russian statehood, the article considers the importance of having a national idea that could spiritually unite the numerous peoples and nationalities of our country. Today, many proposals are put forward on this occasion, among which there is the idea of patriotism — a sense of love for the Motherland, a willingness to sacrifice for it. However, in this capacity, according to many experts, the feeling can not be a national idea, as a driving force in the development of society; it can only be a necessary and obligatory condition for this movement and its development. Using historical examples, the author shows that the national idea cannot exist without the state ideology — a kind of soul of the nation, the value and ideological basis of society, which forms the meaning of the existence of the state and its citizens. It is the state ideology that should form the basis of the national idea and include a whole system of unifying ideals and values that derive from the entire history and culture of the country. Since today the solution of the problem of searching for a national idea largely depends on the attitude to our country abroad, the article suggests using the external image of the country as a living, visual representation of the characteristics of a particular state in the historical, military, demographic, economic, political, recreational, tourist, etc. spheres as the geopolitical contour of the national idea. In this regard, the main directions and performers of the implementation of this proposal are specified.

The Self-Undermining State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Final Section ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Interstate War ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Willingness To Sacrifice ◽  
The Cost

This chapter provides an informal rationalist model of state formation as an exchange between a central authority and a population. In the model, the central authority protects the population against external threats and the population disarms and pays taxes. The model specifies the conditions under which the exchange is self-enforcing, meaning that the parties prefer the exchange to alternative courses of action. These conditions—costly but winnable interstate war—are historically rare, and the cost of such wars can rise beyond the population’s willingness to sacrifice. At this point, the population prefers to avoid war rather than fight it and may prefer an alternative institution to the state if that institution can prevent war and reduce the level of extraction. Thus the modern centralized state is self-undermining rather than self-enforcing. A final section addresses alternative explanations for state formation.

A Theory of Partial Property Rights and the Illusion of State-Owned Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Hong
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Great Risk ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
The State ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Partial Property ◽  
Turn Over

Abstract China’s State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) enjoy many special benefits. They do not turn over profits and rents to the state, they pay much less interests than other enterprises in their use of capital, they enjoy monopolistic power in the marketplace, incomes of SOE employees, including managers, are free of policy restrictions. Because these substantial interests are not transferrable to individuals, competition exists for them. Compared with executives of private enterprise, senior managers of SOEs are 94 times more likely of being convicted of a crime. High benefits enjoyed by senior managers of SOEs come with a great risk. Once the illusion of SOEs is punctured, SOE leaders with higher education and long-term visions may become the driving force of SOE reform.

Sound and Wonder

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Ray Lee
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Sound Art ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Art Works ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sense Of Wonder

Starting by describing his experience of becoming lost in wonder at the Bakken Museum of Electricity and Life in Minneapolis, in this chapter the artist Ray Lee explores his fascination with the state of wonderment. Referencing his internationally touring sound art works Siren and The Ethometric Museum he reviews the strategies that he has used to attempt to create a sense of wonder, and why this has become both a valuable aspect of his practice and a distinctive part of the audience experience. Throughout the history of science wonder has been a driving force for discovery, yet the sublime, with its suggestion of the spiritual, has more often been used to describe the experience of art. The chapter looks at how wonder creates a sense of creative uncertainty, de Certeau’s ‘rift in time’ or, as Bataille puts it, a state of ‘intolerable non-knowledge, which has no other way out other than ecstasy’.

Biotechnology as a Driving Force for Regional Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-51
Author(s):  
Maurício Aguiar Serra ◽  
José Raimundo Vergolino ◽  
Artur da Silva Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Biotechnological Products ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
The Relationship

The main objective of this article is to analyse the development of Amazon region through biotechnological activities. Amazonia, by virtue of its tremendous biodiversity, has excellent possibilities of meeting a growing market for biotechnological products, being that the development of this sector demands not only abundant natural resources, but also the existence of an institutional environment that is able to integrate productive activities with research on science and technology. The promotion of regional development, thus, depends on the configuration, which, according to Boisier, is composed by six elements, present in all regions that interact with each other. The article concludes that Amazonian development is directly related to the participation capability of many segments of society for the development of biotechnological activities, in which the State should play an important role in drawing up policies towards the biotechnological sector and, at the same time, in setting up participation channels for the relationship among actors.

The Early History of Palaeontology in Western Australia: 1791-1899

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Mcnamara ◽  
Frances Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
The State ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Early History ◽  
Geological Society ◽  
Australian Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Geological Map

The exploration of the coast of Western Australia by English and French explorers in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries led to the first recorded discoveries of fossiliferous rocks in Western Australia. The first forty years of exploration and discovery of fossil sites in the State was restricted entirely to the coast of the Continent. Following the establishment of permanent settlements in the 1820s the first of the inland fossil localities were located in the 1830s, north of Albany, and north of Perth. As new land was surveyed; particularly north of Perth, principally by the Gregory brothers in the 1840s and 1850s, Palaeozoic rocks were discovered in the Perth and Carnarvon Basins. F.T. Gregory in particular developed a keen interest in the geology of the State to such an extent that he was able, at a meeting of the Geological Society of London in 1861, to present not only a geological map of part of the State, but also a suite of fossils which showed the existence of Permian and Hesozoic strata. The entire history of nineteenth century palaeontology in Western Australia was one of discovery and collection of specimens. These were studied initially by overseas naturalists, but latterly, in the 1890s by Etheridge at The Australian Museum in Sydney. Sufficient specimens had been collected and described by the turn of the century that the basic outline of the Phanerozoic geology of the sedimentary basins was reasonably well known.

scholarly journals CONCEPT OF ACCELERATION OF THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC PRODUCTION AT THE INSTRUMENTAL ENTERPRISE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Alexandr V. Patsan ◽  
Aelita V. Shaburova
Keyword(s):  
Lean Production ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
Technical Measures

The article considers the reasons for improving the concept of lean production at an instrument-making enterprise. For a visual representation of the state of the organization, a comparison of methods and tools of lean production with the current situation of lean production at JSC "NIP" is presented. A set of organizational measures is presented, consisting of several stages for sorting equipment, cleaning equipment, standardizing and performing improvements, systematization and continuous offer of improvements and their implementation. On the example of two parts manufactured at an instrument-making plant, the principle of technological measures to improve the implementation of lean production is presented. The result after technological measures is shown in detail per shift. A plan of improvement of all enterprises of the instrument-making industry is considered, according to the developed organizational and technical measures for JSC «NIP»

scholarly journals Proceeding the prosecutor’s waiver: between law and reality

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vizdoaga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Criminal Trial ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
Trial Phase ◽  
Do So

The prosecution is the driving force behind the criminal proceedings. By presenting the prosecution with all his energy, insistence and competence, the prosecutor is obliged to do so only to the extent that the guilt is proven, taking into account the evidence supporting the defendant’s position. The prosecutor himself is obliged to strictly observe the law, to oppose any abuses and violations, regardless of the party whose interests are harmed. For the prosecutor, supporting the accusation is not an end in itself; or, the well-founded waiver of the accusation, as well as the support of the accusation, equally contribute to the achievement of the purpose of the criminal trial. This study discusses certain core issues related to the waiver of the state accuser to charge the trial phase of the criminal case.

scholarly journals Official and non-official proper names in a bilingual onymic landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-141
Author(s):  
Ján Bauko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
Time Region ◽  
State Language

Abstract The paper deals with the visual representation of official and non-official proper names in a bilingual onymic landscape. The onymic landscape consists of official and non-official proper names located on nameplates, inscriptions in public spaces, various areas and extralingual signs that point to their names. Research into the visual representation of proper names is a relatively new area of socioonomastics. The onymic landscape changes dynamically depending on the time, region and socio-cultural dimension; the state, local governments, business and civil spheres participate in its creation. The state regulates the use of official proper names through language policy and also influences their visualization. In addition to official forms, non-official forms of proper names appear in the onymic landscape. In a bilingual onymic landscape, proper names are visualized not only in the state language but also in the language of the minority, resp. another foreign language. The author examines the bilingual anthroponymic, toponymic and chrematonymic landscape of Slovak-Hungarian bilingual municipalities in Southern Slovakia.

scholarly journals Influence of sanctions on foreign trade of Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Shirokova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
The Eu

After the countries of the EU and the USA introduced sanctions against the Russian Federation in 2014, the topic of influence on the state by other states or international organizations became the focus of attention of both Russian and foreign researchers. For Russian scientists, the topic of sanctions has acquired particular relevance, since they are at the epicenter of both the sanctions and the response measures that followed. The article presents the history of the development of measures of influence on the state by international organizations or other states, the history of studies of the effectiveness of sanctions measures in the entire history of their application is considered. Currently, theRussian Federationis under the sanctions imposed by theUnited Statesand the EU, which, in response to these measures, responded by introducing an import substitution policy. Considering the entire history of the gradual increase in the sanctions list, the state in the field of foreign trade should also detect increasing signs of pressure that would be reflected in indicators of incorporation into world trade. The author makes a hypothesis about the weak impact of sanctions on the state as a whole, and, in particular, on foreign trade. To confirm this hypothesis, the dynamics of the main indicators of foreign trade activity during 2013–2017 is considered. and a change in the commodity structure of exports and imports. The study is based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service, using methods of economic and statistical analysis and comparison of indicators, which allowed to show the degree of impact of sanctions on the main indicators of foreign economic activity. Following the consideration of official statistics, expert opinions on the implementation of planned indicators of the import substitution policy, it is possible to confirm the hypothesis of the weak effect of sanctions on foreign trade.

scholarly journals Upgrading of the Abilities of Lecturers of State Management: Problems and Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Kieu Oanh ◽  
Do Huy Thuong ◽  
Tran Luu Ngoc ◽  
Pham Van Hua
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
State Management ◽  
Management Problems ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Training Institutions ◽  
Country Today

Upgrading the abilities of lecturers of state management at the training institutions for cadres, civil servants and public employees is interested in and actively implemented by all authorities in the period of 2016 - 2020. Besides achievements, the upgrading of the abilities of lecturers of state management still has some shortcomings that need to be overcome in the next period. This article analyses the situation and then proposes some solutions so that the upgrading of the abilities of lecturers of state management will become more effective, contributing to the enhancing of the state management of the cadres, civil servants and public employees in our country today.

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