scholarly journals ОЦЕНКА СОРТОВ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ПО ПРИЗНАКУ «МАССОВАЯ ДОЛЯ БЕЛКА В ЗЕРНЕ»

2021 ◽  
Vol 2(26) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
S.V. Kosenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Penza region is characterized by a diversity of natural and climatic zones and considerable variability of meteorological factors over the years. Therefore, the creation of high-yielding winter soft wheat varieties with high protein content in grain is one of the most significant challenges in this crop breeding. The purposes of this research are twofold: assess the ability of winter wheat varieties to form high-protein grain in various environmental conditions and isolate a valuable source material for breeding. The research objective is to evaluate winter wheat varieties by such indicator as “mass fraction of protein in grain”. The research was carried out from 2008 to 2017 in a forest-steppe zone of the Penza region. The soils of the experimental field – medium-humus medium-thick leached chernozem with the 35–40 cm depth of the plowing horizon. Ninety varieties of winter wheat from the world collection were the material for the research. The forecrop is black fallow. Square of experimental fields is 3 m2, triple replication. Seeding rate – 5.5 million germinating grains/ha. Standard – winter soft wheat variety ‘Fotinya’. Mass fraction of protein in grain in early ripening and mid-early varieties of winter wheat significantly differed from those of the mid-maturing group. Winter wheat varieties from the mid-ripening group were distinguished by a high protein content (on average 15.5 %), high yield (on average 3.8 t/ha), high yield of protein per hectare (on average 0.59 t/ha). According to the level of stress resistance, varieties ‘Fotinya’ and ‘Moskovskaya 39’ stood out (0.7 and 0.6, respectively). The following varieties are characterized by high genetic flexibility (15.3–16.2): ‘Fotinya’ (Penza region), ‘Moskovskaya 39’ (Moscow region), ‘Bezenchukskaya 380’ (Samara region), ‘Badulinka’ (Volgograd region), ‘Ershovskaya 25’ (Saratov region), ‘Zimorodok’, ‘Pobeda 50’ (Krasnodar Territory), ‘Zernogradka 8’, ‘Konkurent’ (Rostov Region). All the aforementioned varieties have less variability of a characteristic over the years (coefficient of variation – 3.2–9.7 %) and are recommended for use as a starting material for creating new forms.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРИЙОМІВ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЯКОСТІ ЗЕРНА ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ

2014 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
В. І. Козечко
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Spring Rape

Результати проведених експериментальних дослі-джень свідчать, що за вирощування різних сортівпшениці озимої після ріпаку ярого в умовах північногоСтепу України одержання найбільш якісного зерна(третього класу якості) забезпечує сівба 25 вереснята 5 жовтня. Сівба 5 та 15 вересня забезпечувалаодержання зерна, здебільшого, п’ятого й четвертогокласів якості. Із-поміж досліджуваних сортів пше-ниці озимої найбільшим вмістом білку (11,2–13,0 %) іклейковини (17,5–22,7 %) у зерні вирізнявся сорт Се-лянка. Найменшими ці показники були у сорту Подо-лянка – 10,6–12,5 та 17,1–21,9 % відповідно. Об¢ємхліба, отриманого з борошна пшениці озимої сортуСелянка, був найвищим. Так, у середньому за 2008–2010 рр. він коливався від 495 см3 за сівби 5 вереснянормою висіву 4 млн схожих насінин/га до 612 см3 засівби 5 жовтня цією ж нормою. Встановлено впливнорм висіву насіння на показники якості зерна. Так,найвищий вміст білку і клейковини в зерні, а такожоб’єм хліба відмічено на варіантах досліду, де сівбупроводили нормою 4 млн схожих насінин/га. Збіль-шення норми висіву призводило до зменшення данихпоказників. У середньому за роки досліджень найвищуврожайність формував сорт Селянка (4,89 т/га) засівби 25 вересня нормою 5 млн схожих насінин/га.Максимальну врожайність рослини сорту Золотоко-лоса – 4,20 та 4,19 т/га – формували, відповідно, засівби 5 жовтня нормою 6 млн схожих насінин/га та 25вересня нормою висіву 5 млн схожих насінин/га. Най-нижчу серед сортів урожайність формував сортПодолянка, що коливалася за період проведення до-сліджень у межах 2,99–3,75 т/га. Results of the conducted pilot researches testify that at cultivation of various sorts of wheat winter after a spring rape in the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine, receiving the most qualitative grain, the third class of quality, provides sowing on 25 September and on 5 October. Sowing on 5 and 15 September provided grain, generally the fifth and fourth classes of quality. Among sorts of wheat winter which were studied in the experiences, the greatest protein content (11,2–13,0%) and glutens (17,5–22,7%) in grain Selyank's sort differed. The smallest Podolyank's sort of – 10,6–12,5 and 17,1–21,9% had these indicators respectively. The volume of the bread received from a flour of wheat of winter of a sort of Selyanka, was the highest. So, on the average for 2008–2010 it fluctuated from 495 cm3 when sowing on 5 September seeding rate of 4 million units germinating seeds/ha to 612 cm3 when sowing on 5 October the same norm. Influence of seeding rate on indicators of quality of grain is established. So, high protein content and glutens in grain, and also the volume of bread are noted on experience options where sowing carried out norm of 4 million units germinating seeds/ha. The increase in seeding rate led to reduction of these indicators. Average, over years of research, the highest yield sort Selyanka formed (4,89 t per ha) when sowing on 25 September norm of 5 million units germinating seeds/ha. The maximum productivity of a plant of a grade of Zolotokolosa – 4,20 and 4,19 t per ha formed, respectively, when sowing on 5 October norm of 6 million units germinating seeds/ha and on 25 September seeding rate of 5 million units germinating seeds/ha. The low among grades productivity was formed by a sort of Podolyanka at which it fluctuated, during carrying out researches, within 2,99–3,75 t per ha.

scholarly journals Trend, Population Structure And Trait Mapping From 15 Years Of National Varietal Trials Of UK Winter Wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseyi Shorinola ◽  
James Simmonds ◽  
Luzie Wingen ◽  
Keith Gardner ◽  
Cristobal Uauy
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Gene X Environment Interactions ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

There are now a rich variety of genomic and genotypic resources available to wheat researchers and breeders. However, the generation of high-quality and field-relevant phenotyping data which is required to capture the complexities of gene x environment interactions remains a major bottleneck. Historical datasets from national variety performance trials (NVPT) provide sufficient dimensions, in terms of numbers of years and locations, to examine phenotypic trends and study gene x environment interactions. Using NVPT for winter wheat varieties grown in the UK between 2002 – 2017, we examined temporal trends for eight traits related to yield, adaptation, and grain quality performance. We show a non-stationary linear trend for yield, grain protein content, HFN and days to ripening. Our data also show high environmental stability for yield, grain protein content and specific weight in UK winter wheat varieties and high environmental sensitivity for Hagberg Falling Number. Using the historical NVPT data in a genome-wide association analysis, we uncovered a significant marker-trait association peak on wheat chromosome 6A spanning the NAM-A1 gene that have been previously associated with early senescence. Together our results show the value of utilizing the data routinely collected during variety evaluation process for examining breeding progress and the genetic architecture of important traits.

scholarly journals Identification of drought resistance of winter bread wheat varieties and lines by vegetation and laboratory methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022117
Author(s):  
V Golubova ◽  
V Gaze ◽  
I Lobunskaya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Abstract The article discusses the impact of severe drought on the growth and development of winter wheat plants. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020. As a starting material, we used 57 samples of winter soft wheat bred by ARC “Donskoy”. The studies were carried out under laboratory and vegetation methods. According to the analysis, it was revealed that the highest values of the index of complex resistance were shown by the samples: intensive type - 1630/17 (282.8 rel.units), 2078/16 (265.1 rel.units), 1990/17 (265, 0 rel.units); semi-intensive type -1727/17 (260.6 rel. units), 2243/17 (258.6 rel. units), 522/16 (252.8 rel. units). The maximum value of the degree of drought resistance of samples of the intensive type was noted for lines 2243/17 (92.4%), 1727/17 (84.9%), and 522/16 (82.6%). Among 36 samples of winter soft wheat of intensive type, high drought resistance was noted in 67% (24 samples) with germination from 71.6 (Univer) to 92.9% (1630/17). High values of heat resistance (I-81-100% of germination) out of 57 studied samples of winter wheat were noted in 56 genotypes, the indicators of which ranged from 85.1% (1181/16) to 98% (Zodiac, 1166/15, 1275/16). The highest grain yield under model drought conditions was noted for winter wheat varieties Zodiac (332.86 g/m2), Premiera (332.48 g/m2) and Podarok Krymu (317.50 g/m2), which is higher than the yield of the Ascet classifier (292.97 g/m2) by 8.0-13.7%..

scholarly journals QUALITY INDICATORS OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN ECOLOGICAL VARIETY TRIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
S.V. Podgorny ◽  
◽  
O.V. Skripka ◽  
A.P. Samofalov ◽  
S.N. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Gluten Content

Improving the quality of wheat grain is an important task of agricultural production. In recent years, the production of strong and valuable wheat, necessary for the production of high-quality baking flour, has decreased. In this regard, the study of the quality of grain varieties of winter wheat in specific soil and climatic conditions of the Rostov region is becoming topical. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to study the main indicators of grain quality of varieties of soft winter wheat (protein and gluten content, flour strength, bread size from 100 g of flour) in ecological variety trials to select the best under conditions of the Rostov region. The studies were carried out on the trial fields of the Laboratory of selection and seed production of winter soft wheat of intensive type of the State Scientific Establishment “Agricultural research center «Donskoy»” (Rostov region) in 2014–2016. Seventy-five varieties were studied in the course of the research. Planting dates – optimal for implementation of agricultural and agro-technical measures. Planter – «Wintersteiger Plotseed S.» Seed placement depth – 4–6 cm. Preceding crop – black fallow. Accounting square of fields – 10 m2, double replication. Seeding rate – 4.5 million seeds per hectare. Grain quality was assessed according to the methods of the national standards of the Russian Federation. Such grain quality indicators as gluten content (according to GOST R 54478-2011), protein mass fraction (as required by GOST 108460-91), baking properties of flour (in a laboratory using the remix method) were determined. The article discusses the main indicators of the quality of grain and flour of winter soft wheat varieties in ecological variety testing and compares them. Analysis of the main indicators of the quality of varieties in trials showed that in the south of the Rostov region in 2014–2016 flour strength and gluten content were the most variable indicators. In terms of protein content (> 14.5 %), 8.0 % of the studied varieties were in full compliance with strong wheat standards; by the gluten content (> 28 %) – 7.0 %; by the flour strength (>280 e.a.) – 9.0 %. Five varieties of winter soft wheat: ‘Aksinya’, ‘Tanais’, ‘Asket’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Yumpa’ (Russia) with a complex of economically valuable traits are of greater interest for practical breeding in terms of improving grain quality.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ ПОПЕРЕДНИКІВ НА ЯКІСТЬ ЗЕРНА ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД СОРТОВИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ

2012 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Г. П. Жемела ◽  
А. О. Курочка
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Розглянуто вплив попередників на якість зернарізних за біологічними властивостями сортів пше-ниці м,якої озимої. Найвищі показники вмісту білкав зерні були в сортів Землячка й Володарка. Вста-новлено, що найкращими попередниками для пше-ниці озимої є горох та однорічні бобові трави.Кращі показники якості зерна отримані в сортівЗемлячка й Володарка. Вміст клейковини в зернінаведених вище сортів відповідає рівневі сильнихпшениць. Якість клейковини в зерні відповідаєдругій і третій групам. The predecessors’ influence upon the grain quality of differentsoft winter wheat varieties according to biological properties isexamined. The varieties Zemlyachka and Volodarka had highindices of protein content. It is established that pea and annuallegume glass were the best predecessors. The varietiesZemlyachka and Volodarka had the best indices of grainquality.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES BY THEIR ASSOCIATIVE NITROGEN FIXATION ABILITY

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
O. V. Nadkernychna ◽  
S. M. Minenok ◽  
R. L. Boguslavsky ◽  
O. Yu Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Associative Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The paper depicts the results of intervarietal variability study of winter wheat plants in controlled environment with varieties Albatross Odessa, Kiriya, Zolotokolosa, Lybid and Odeska 267 by their associative nitrogen fixation ability. The 5.6 – 13.7 – fold divergence between the varieties by given index was revealed. It was shown that intravarietal variability of winter wheat plants by their ability to stimulate associative nitrogen fixation occurs along with the intervarietal one. Populations intensity of a different genotypes characterized by high nitrogen fixation activity in root zone, stipulates high nitrogen fixation potential of variety. Among the studied varieties Zolotokolosa was selected as genetically homogeneous variety with high nitrogen fixation potential of rhizosphere microorganisms that can be recommended for use in breeding as a source with high capacity for associative nitrogen fixation. New winter wheat varieties with high nitrogen fixation potential can fully develop using not only mineral nitrogen fertilizers, but also interacting with associative nitrogen fixation microorganisms should partially replace mineral nitrogen with biological that, in turn, will guarantee a high yield quality and conservation of agricultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Baking properties of winter soft wheat grain grown in the south of the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Skripka ◽  
S. V. Podgorny ◽  
A. P. Samofalov ◽  
O. A. Nekrasova ◽  
S. N. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
State List ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

To successfully increase grain production and improve its quality, the development and introduction of new winter wheat varieties is of great importance. The winter soft wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” and included into the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation are able to form grain with 30.0% gluten and more, and are suitable for the first, second and third class of baking. A comparative characteristic of the grain quality of winter wheat varieties of the intensive type included in the State List and their ability to form food grain suitable for baking is currently of practical interest. There have been studied 6 varieties in the conditions of drought in 2013 and 2014 (the amount of precipitation during the growing season was 190.0–191.5 mm, the average daily air temperature was 20.3–20.9 °C), and in the conditions of excess moisture in 2016, 2017 (the amount of precipitation was 274.2–292.8 mm, the average daily air temperature was 19.5–20.4 °C). The studied varieties formed the highest productivity from 8.70 to 9.01 t/ha under conditions of excessive moisture. Under drought conditions, productivity of the varieties decreased significantly and ranged from 6.50 to 7.69 t/ha. Better grain quality of the studied varieties was formed in the conditions of the drought of 2013, 2014 with 14.9 to 15.9% of protein and 27.9 to 31.0% of gluten. Food grain close to the first class (from 30.0 to 31.0% of gluten) were formed by the varieties “Aksiniya”, “Tanais” and “Nakhodka”; the second class (more than 28.0% of gluten) was obtained from the varieties “Shef” and “Etuyd”. The ranking method according to grain quality indicators allowed establishing an average rank and identifying the varieties “Aksiniya”, “Tanais”, “Nakhodka” and “Shef” with the best baking traits.

An evaluation of F1 hybrid winter wheat genotypes produced using a chemical hybridizing agent

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Morgan ◽  
R. B. Austin ◽  
Margaret A. Ford ◽  
J. Bingham ◽  
W. J. Angus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Chemical Hybridizing Agent

SummaryIn experiments harvested in 1985 and 1986 the grain yields of 61 F1 hybrids among winter wheat varieties and advanced breeding lines were 5·9% greater than the yields of the best parents. In a trial with 430 hybrids in 1986, the hybrids yielded 3·6% more grain than the best parents. Among these 430 hybrids heterosis for yield was greatest for those from the lowest yielding parents. This result is taken to indicate that among these genotypes most genes for high yield have been fixed in the highest yielding parents.The hybrids had slightly fewer ears/m2, but more grains per ear and heavier grains than the highest yielding parents. They yielded more straw as well as more grain.The results are compared with those from other studies and it is concluded that yield advantage of F1 hybrids so far tested is not generally sufficient to justify their introduction into U.K. agriculture.

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