Bromelain as an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer compound

Inflammation is a complicated problem for today’s human beings. Large numbers of people have been diagnosed with arthritis along with inflammation. This is beside the others that suffer inflammation caused by an injury. There are alternatives that can be considered as temporary or permanent treatments of chronic inflammatory diseases. Plants, as well as other biological resources, are most welcomed to the therapeutic area. Using the plants’ compounds with high potential as novel techniques are today’s bio-pharmacologist concern. Bromelain has been more attractive due to its characteristics. This review is an overview of anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effect of bromelain as a confident treatment for all inflammatory disease.

Download Full-text

Techniques to Study Inflammasome Activation and Inhibition by Small Molecules

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061704 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1704

Author(s):

Diego Angosto-Bazarra ◽

Cristina Molina-López ◽

Alejandro Peñín-Franch ◽

Laura Hurtado-Navarro ◽

Pablo Pelegrín

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Small Molecules ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Inflammasome Activation ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inhibitory Molecules ◽

Inflammasome Inhibitors

Inflammasomes are immune cytosolic oligomers involved in the initiation and progression of multiple pathologies and diseases. The tight regulation of these immune sensors is necessary to control an optimal inflammatory response and recover organism homeostasis. Prolonged activation of inflammasomes result in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, and the use of small drug-like inhibitory molecules are emerging as promising anti-inflammatory therapies. Different aspects have to be taken in consideration when designing inflammasome inhibitors. This review summarizes the different techniques that can be used to study the mechanism of action of potential inflammasome inhibitory molecules.

Download Full-text

Tackling Chronic Inflammation with Withanolide Phytochemicals—A Withaferin A Perspective

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9111107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1107

Author(s):

Emilie Logie ◽

Wim Vanden Berghe

Keyword(s):

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Withaferin A ◽

Related Factor ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Chronic inflammatory diseases are considered to be one of the biggest threats to human health. Most prescribed pharmaceutical drugs aiming to treat these diseases are characterized by side-effects and negatively affect therapy adherence. Finding alternative treatment strategies to tackle chronic inflammation has therefore been gaining interest over the last few decades. In this context, Withaferin A (WA), a natural bioactive compound isolated from Withania somnifera, has been identified as a promising anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory compound. Although the majority of studies focus on the molecular mechanisms of WA in cancer models, recent evidence demonstrates that WA also holds promise as a new phytotherapeutic agent against chronic inflammatory diseases. By targeting crucial inflammatory pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling, WA suppresses the inflammatory disease state in several in vitro and preclinical in vivo models of diabetes, obesity, neurodegenerative disorders, cystic fibrosis and osteoarthritis. This review provides a concise overview of the molecular mechanisms by which WA orchestrates its anti-inflammatory effects to restore immune homeostasis.

Download Full-text

STUDY OF SPECIFIC PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SODIUM SALT (4-О-Β-GLUCOPYRANOSYLOXY)-BENZOIC ACID

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v78.9047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 (6-8) ◽

Author(s):

Smirnov Ivan ◽

Murashko Tatyana ◽

Ivanov Alex ◽

Bondarev Alex ◽

Udut Vladimir

Keyword(s):

Benzoic Acid ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Sodium Salt ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Peptic Ulcers ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Chronic inflammatory diseases of various genesis are prevalent today. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to treat pain and inflammation, but their long-term use is associated with complications in the gastrointestinal tract, including peptic ulcers. We synthesized a molecule of sodium salt (4-О-β-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzoic acid. This substance has diuretic and anti-inflammatory activities. It should be noted that most of NSAIDs has analgesic effect. In this connection, the aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic activity of sodium salt (4-О-β-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzoic acid. We studied analgesic effect in the test “acetic writhing”. Sodium salt (4-О-β-glucopyranosyloxy)-benzoic acid significantly reduces the number of writhing by 14 units during the experiment, as an alternative criterion percent of animals with analgesia was 42.6%. Thus, in the test "acetic writhing" revealed the presence of the analgesic activity have developed drug average severity.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the mechanisms of sarcopenia in chronic inflammatory disease: protocol for a prospective cohort study

Skeletal Muscle ◽

10.1186/s13395-021-00282-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amritpal Dhaliwal ◽

Felicity R. Williams ◽

Jonathan I. Quinlan ◽

Sophie L. Allen ◽

Carolyn Greig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Inflammatory Disease ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Link Type ◽

Disease Specific

Abstract Background Several chronic inflammatory diseases co-exist with and accelerate sarcopenia (reduction in muscle strength, function and mass) and negatively impact on both morbidity and mortality. There is currently limited research on the extent of sarcopenia in such conditions, how to accurately assess it and whether there are generic or disease-specific mechanisms driving sarcopenia. Therefore, this study aims to identify potential mechanisms driving sarcopenia within chronic inflammatory disease via a multi-modal approach; in an attempt to help define potential interventions for future use. Methods This prospective cohort study will consist of a multi-modal assessment of sarcopenia and its underlying mechanisms. Recruitment will target three chronic inflammatory diseases: chronic liver disease (CLD) (n=50), with a subset of NAFLD (n=20), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (n=50) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n=50) both before and after therapeutic intervention. In addition, 20 age and sex matched healthy individuals will be recruited for comparison. Participants will undergo 4 assessment visits at weeks 0, 2, 12 and 24. Visits will consist of the following assessments: blood tests, anthropometrics, functional assessment, quadriceps muscle imaging, actigraphy, quality of life questionnaires, food diary collection and muscle biopsy of the vastus lateralis (at weeks 2 and 24 only). In addition, stool and urine samples will be collected for future microbiome and metabolomics analysis. Discussion This is the first study to use a multi-modal assessment model to phenotype sarcopenia in these chronic inflammatory diseases. We hope to identify generic as well as disease-specific mechanisms driving sarcopenia. We appreciate that these cohorts do require separate standards of care treatments which limit comparison between groups. Ethics and dissemination The study is approved by the Health Research Authority - West Midlands Solihull Research Ethics Service Committee Authority (REC reference: 18/WM/0167). Recruitment commenced in January 2019 and will continue until July 2021. The study was halted in March 2020 and again in January 2021 with the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. All data will be stored on a secure server. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04734496

Download Full-text

The Biological Efficacy of Natural Products against Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases in the Oral Region

Medicines ◽

10.3390/medicines5040122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 122 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Toshiaki Ara ◽

Sachie Nakatani ◽

Kenji Kobata ◽

Norio Sogawa ◽

Chiharu Sogawa

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Inflammatory Disease ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Oral Region ◽

Biological Efficacy ◽

Clinical Conditions

The oral inflammatory diseases are divided into two types: acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the biological efficacy of herbal medicine, natural products, and their active ingredients against acute and chronic inflammatory diseases in the oral region, especially stomatitis and periodontitis. We review the effects of herbal medicines and a biscoclaurin alkaloid preparation, cepharamthin, as a therapy against stomatitis, an acute inflammatory disease. We also summarize the effects of herbal medicines and natural products against periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, and one of its clinical conditions, alveolar bone resorption. Recent studies show that several herbal medicines such as kakkonto and ninjinto reduce LPS-induced PGE 2 production by human gingival fibroblasts. Among herbs constituting these herbal medicines, shokyo (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and kankyo (Zingiberis Processum Rhizoma) strongly reduce PGE 2 production. Moreover, anti-osteoclast activity has been observed in some natural products with anti-inflammatory effects used against rheumatoid arthritis such as carotenoids, flavonoids, limonoids, and polyphenols. These herbal medicines and natural products could be useful for treating oral inflammatory diseases.

Download Full-text

Abstract 1290: Development of anti inflammatory agents targeting TonEBP for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-1290 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Byeongjin YE ◽

Hyug Moo Kwon ◽

Soo Youn Choi ◽

Jun Ho Lee ◽

Hyun Je Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Download Full-text

Endogenous galectins and the control of the host inflammatory response

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe-08-0512 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 201 (2) ◽

pp. 169-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Lucy V Norling ◽

Mauro Perretti ◽

Dianne Cooper

Keyword(s):

Drug Discovery ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Molecular Targets ◽

Innovative Drug ◽

New Era ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Endogenous Lectins ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Host Inflammatory Response

A new era of research is being devoted to deciphering endogenous mediators and mechanisms that are in place to resolve the inflammatory response. Accruing evidence indicates that galectins fall into this category of immunoregulatory mediators signifying their use as prospective novel anti-inflammatory agents. The focus of this review is to depict the immunoregulatory bioactivities of three members of the galectin superfamily, Galectin (Gal)-1, Gal-3 and Gal-9. Emphasis is given to the studies investigating the properties of these endogenous lectins. Gal-1, Gal-3 and Gal-9 are emerging as pertinent players in the modulation of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity and cancer, and thus being increasingly recognised as molecular targets for innovative drug discovery.

Download Full-text