scholarly journals OPPORTUNITIES OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN LIGHTING DESIGN

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ю. Хомякова ◽  
Yu. Homyakova ◽  
П. Вовженяк ◽  
Polina Vovzhenyak
Keyword(s):  
Operation Research ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
New School ◽  
State Research ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Building Purpose ◽  
Modern Technologies

Light is an artistic tool that allows to create a unique collection of diverse images of a building. Purpose of the research: to identify opportunities of lighting design in the present, based on the commercially available lighting; to determine whether light sources are always used rationally, how to avoid ignorant operation. Research methods: the problem of multiple light pollution is identified by analyzing the light environment of Russian cities. The main reasons for this are the ignorance of modern specialists in the field of lighting design and the lack of regulation of the industry by the state. Research results: technical opportunities of lighting design in modern architecture are revealed; types of lighting to create commercially available lighting devices; ways to eliminate light pollution are proposed. The potential of lighting design is poorly disclosed in the streets of modern cities. Raising a new school of masters will allow cities around the world to be transformed, to please viewers in the evening, as the existing equipment can already provide such a magnificence.

The Research on the Application of Two Kinds of Light Sources in the Training Venue for Physical Education of Universities

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1786-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Metal Halide Lamp ◽  
Sodium Lamp ◽  
Electric Light ◽  
High Pressure Sodium Lamp ◽  
Power And Energy

The energy efficiency experiment of electric light is implemented according to the lighting design of the physical training venues. In the experiment, the corresponding illumination, power and energy efficiency ratio of the commonly used high pressure sodium lamp and metal halide lamp which work under the voltage ranging from 187V to 234V are experimentally measured and the lighting effect characteristics of the two kinds of electric light sources compared, proving that the high pressure sodium light source should be employed in the training venue for physical education of universities.

Atverčiant primirštą Lietuvos kultūros puslapį: Vilniaus modernizmo atspindžiai pavelde

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-229
Author(s):  
Edita Povilaitytė-Leliugienė
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
General Law ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Modern Technologies

The analyses of interwar Vilnius heritage preservation, research, and maintenance concentrated mostly on discussions about the general law, state tendency, and case studies of good and bad practices. However, the more modern heritage preservation, research, or maintenance theories and aspects during the interwar period were neglected. Therefore, this article aims to analyse if modern technologies, ideas, and methods in the heritage research and maintenance (mostly in the reconstructions and adaptation of heritage buildings for new purposes) projects were adapted or not in interwar Vilnius. According to this aim, the article analyses a few heritage maintenance works and emphasises how architects used new technologies, modern architecture details, and ideas in the heritage maintenance projects and their realisation. Technologies as central heating system, electrification, canalisation, toilets, or bright interiors, wide air-spaces were inseparable from modernism perspective. The architecture of buildings and urban structures were modernised and improved for better living quality. Also, ideas and technologies did not avoid the heritage objects, especially civil buildings as Vilnius Town Hall, squares as Cathedral square, defensive heritage object as Vilnius Upper Castle. However, the analysis maintains that modern technologies were used moderately and kept a respectful tone with the authentic heritage, whole complex, and elements.

Stam, Mart (1899–1986)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Poppelreuter
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Technologies

Mart (Martinus Adrianus) Stam (b. in 1899 in Purmerend, Netherlands—d. in 1986 in Goldach, Switzerland) was a Dutch architect, designer, and architectural theorist, and was involved in a number of principal events and organizations during the 1920s and 1930s. Stam moved to Berlin in 1922 to work as a draftsman with Max Taut and Hans Poelzig among others. While in Berlin, Stam met El Lissitzky who introduced him to Constructivism. Inspired by the progressive and social outlook of this Russian movement Stam founded the avant-garde magazine ABC: Beiträge zum Bauen [ABC: Contributions on Building] together with Hans Schmidt, Hennes Mayer, and Emil Roth (1924–1928). The magazine focused on convincing readers about the social necessity for low-cost, well-designed, and functional houses, as well as the use of modern technologies. ABC also established connections with Asnova, the association of new architects in Moscow, and published the student work of Vkhutemas [School of Modern Architecture] in Moscow.

scholarly journals Blue light attracts nocturnally migrating birds

The Condor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuebing Zhao ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Xianli Che ◽  
Fasheng Zou
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Phototactic Response ◽  
Migrating Birds ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Light pollution is increasing and artificial light sources have great impacts on animals. For migrating birds, collisions caused by artificial light pollution are a significant source of mortality. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that birds have different visual sensitivities to different colors of light, but few field experiments have compared birds’ responses to light of different wavelengths. We used 3 monochromatic lights (red, green, and blue) and polychromatic yellow light to study the impact of wavelength on phototaxis at 2 gathering sites of nocturnally migrating birds in Southwest China. For both sites, short-wavelength blue light caused the strongest phototactic response. In contrast, birds were rarely attracted to long-wavelength red light. The attractive effect of blue light was greatest during nights with fog and headwinds. As rapid urbanization and industrialization cause an increase in artificial light, we suggest that switching to longer wavelength lights is a convenient and economically effective way to reduce bird collisions.

A step towards the optimization of the indoor luminous environment by genetic algorithms

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mattoni ◽  
P. Gori ◽  
F. Bisegna
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
Optimal Configurations

Buildings are heavily responsible for energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Increasing their energy efficiency is in the direction of the EU strategies; and this is consistent with EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD 2010/31/EU), 2010. In this view the design and management of daylight and artificial light can play a fundamental role. In this paper, a method to optimize indoor lighting design from energy efficiency, economic and environmental viewpoints is presented. The optimization was developed through the Genetic Algorithms technique and the optimal layout in terms of number, location and mounting heights of luminaires in a generic office room was evaluated. Solutions with different types of light sources, nominal luminous flux and photometric distribution curves were compared and the cost effectiveness of these alternatives was also considered. The systems resulting from the optimization show increased uniformity of illuminance, a reduction of the number of luminaires and a decrease of the maximum UGR values, proving the effectiveness of the technique in the lighting design field. Results show that current methods for lighting design can still be improved to achieve optimal configurations in terms of energy efficiency and cost effectiveness.

scholarly journals Physical behaviour of anthropogenic light propagation into the nocturnal environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1667) ◽  
pp. 20140117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Aubé
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Night Time ◽  
The Impact

Propagation of artificial light at night (ALAN) in the environment is now known to have non negligible consequences on fauna, flora and human health. These consequences depend on light levels and their spectral power distributions, which in turn rely on the efficiency of various physical processes involved in the radiative transfer of this light into the atmosphere and its interactions with the built and natural environment. ALAN can affect the living organisms by direct lighting and indirect lighting (scattered by the sky and clouds and/or reflected by local surfaces). This paper mainly focuses on the behaviour of the indirect light scattered under clear sky conditions. Various interaction processes between anthropogenic light sources and the natural environment are discussed. This work mostly relies on a sensitivity analysis conducted with the light pollution radiative transfer model, Illumina (Aubé et al . 2005 Light pollution modelling and detection in a heterogeneous environment: toward a night-time aerosol optical depth retrieval method. In Proc. SPIE 2005, vol. 5890, San Diego, California, USA). More specifically, the impact of (i) the molecular and aerosol scattering and absorption, (ii) the second order of scattering, (iii) the topography and obstacle blocking, (iv) the ground reflectance and (v) the spectrum of light devices and their angular emission functions are examined. This analysis considers different behaviour as a function of the distance from the city centre, along with different zenith viewing angles in the principal plane.

scholarly journals Mapping Light Pollution, a CubeSat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Bheemaiah
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Delta Sleep ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Night Sky

Abstract:A key addition to the series of papers on non - lethal and reversible weapons, as a trail to peace, creating confidence through technocracy, this paper is on the design of linear light pollution monitoring satellites for combating the ugly menace of night sky pollution and towards PID roles in the creation of DSS support based on SaaS services for precision use of EMI based sleep inducing payloads in very light drones, potentially replacing inaccurate drone bombing.Keywords: PID systems, GIS, Cognitive Geography, Panoptic segmentation, Mapillary, DSS systems, SaaS, EMI Delta Sleep,LiFi, Integration filters(™).What: A dual use technology based on SaaS computing to map point sources of light pollution on the surface of the Earth with filters to distinguish stationary and moving sources. Dual use of this technology in remedying light pollution of the night sky for minimal circadian rhythm disruption and allied health disorders, and in the creation of filters for PID systems , useful in use cases, of anti insurgency strategy, with sleep weapon EMI integration as drone payloads.(Bheemaiah, n.d.)How:Light pollution is mapped using a cubesat imaging system originally developed for LiFi last mile connectivity from street lamps for 6G networking, but instead adopted on the trail-map to peace as a Peace Weapon(™) in anti insurgency strategy.Why:PID systems using moving light sources are critical in detecting insurgency across the pakistan India border, the LOC can be monitored using the above cubesat for confidence building measures as a PID system, to deter infiltration by subversives, preventing expensive disruption by infiltration of sabotage minded subversives.(“[No Title]” n.d.), Similar conflicts calling for peaceful resolution by reversible lethality is called for in technocracy, an apolitical far right strategy towards lasting peace, as endowed by K.O.D(™) or the King Of Doves(™), a symbol of peace.

scholarly journals About extensive green roofs

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
I.Y. Bochkova ◽  
◽  
M.D. Tulush ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Green Roofs ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extensive Green Roofs ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Selection Of

There are so many things made of concrete, glass and metal in modern cities. All of this displace nature and there is no space for planting. Plants produce oxygen and clean the environment. That is why the landscaping of the roofs of buildings is a kind of compensation in landscaping. The article is about studying methods of creating extensive green roofs from the origin to nowadays. The work includes the study of historical, architectural and regulatory documents and some literary sources. It also includes some facts from the history of green roofs creation, which appeared in the 9th century, on the example of the old house of the Vikings, who lived on the territory of the Faroe Islands. There is a comparative analysis of historical and modern technologies in the article. The design features of extensive roof landscaping are considered. The study revealed modern techniques of extensive landscaping, as well as a list of plants that are resistant to roof landscaping. Recommendations for the usage of waterproof materials like bitumen roll and other are given. The modern approach to the selection of substrates for growing plants on extensive green roofs is also considered. The study revealed modern techniques of extensive landscaping, as well as a list of plants that are resistant to roofing landscaping. It has been revealed that modern materials significantly reduce the specific weight of the construction and ensure the excellent efficiency of the system and the viability of plants during the all working lifespan of the roof. They are discussed the technology of growing planting material for roof landscaping like moss or sedum mats, growing plants in pallets and multiboards, etc.

scholarly journals Review of spectral lighting simulation tools for non-image- forming effects of light

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012122
Author(s):  
M Gkaintatzi-Masouti ◽  
J van Duijnhoven ◽  
M P J Aarts
Keyword(s):  
Building Design ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract Light via our eyes influences visual performance, visual comfort and visual experience, but also affects several health related, non-image-forming (NIF) responses. New metrics have been developed to quantify the NIF effects of light. In order to incorporate these in lighting design practice, simulation tools are required that are able to process information about the spectral distribution of light sources and materials. However, most of the tools currently used for daylight and electric light simulations simplify the spectrum into RGB (Red, Green, Blue) colour values. This paper presents an overview of the currently used programs for simulating the NIF effects of light in building design and discusses the possibility of using existing spectral rendering software as an alternative. A review of literature shows that mostly Radiance or Radiance-based programs have been used so far, but new user-friendly tools could employ existing spectral rendering tools. As the NIF effects of light gain greater importance in lighting design, new simulation workflows are needed. This paper aims to support the development of future workflows by presenting the current state-of-the-art.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nighttime Light Pollution in Nanjing, China by Mapping Illuminance from Field Observations and Luojia 1-01 Imagery

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Jiayi Li ◽  
Yongming Xu ◽  
Weiping Cui ◽  
Meng Ji ◽  
Boyang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Pollution ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Objective Reference ◽  
Nighttime Light Imagery

In recent years, the number of artificial light sources has tremendously increased with the development of lighting technology and the economy. Nighttime light pollution has been an increasing environmental problem, resulting in negative impacts on human health and the ecological environment. Detailed knowledge of light pollution is important for the planning and management of urban lighting. In this study, light pollution in Nanjing, China was monitored and analyzed using field observations and a 130-m resolution Luojia 1-01 nighttime light imagery. Combined with in situ observations and satellite imagery, a variety of empirical models were established for estimating ambient illuminance at night. Cross-validation was employed to assess the performance of these models, indicating that the third-degree polynomials model had the best performance (MAE = 5.06 lx, R2 = 0.81). The developed third-degree polynomial model was then applied to the Luojia 1-01 image to map the nighttime illuminance in Nanjing. The nighttime illuminance depicted the spatial pattern of the light environment over Nanjing and also indicated some heavily light-polluted areas. Some lit areas were residential areas, whose high brightness had negative effects on residents and need particular attention. This study provides a quantitative and objective reference for the light pollution management in Nanjing, and also a reference for light pollution survey in other regions.

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