Neue leistungsdiagnostische Erkenntnisse im Skilanglauf des Breitensportbereichs

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Leisure Sports ◽  
Cross Country Skiing ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

We suggest that leisure cross country skiers can also profit from a serious endurance capacity diagnostic. The aim of this study was to establish a reliable and valid protocol in order to make serious recommendation for training schedule of athleths. In order to analyze the relationship between endurance performance and the technic specific capabilities of cross country skiing aiming to allow valid recommendations participants had to absolve two test protocols. The first test consisted of detecting running pace on a treadmill at a 4 mmol/l blood lactate concentration. Second, participants had to absolve a Coopertest in skating technique on flat ground allowing to measure maximum distance absolved during 12 minutes and maximum heart rate. Between the absolved distance on the Coopertest and the pace at 4mmol/l blood lactate a correlative relationship of 0,43 was identified (R2 = 0,43). These analyses allow that participants can position themselves in the sample concerning their technical capabilities. On the other side our analyses let us suggest, that technical capabilities also in leisure sports play an important role, which are best continousely and constantely trained.

scholarly journals Performance Diagnostic in Cross-Country Skiing

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt A. Gasser ◽  
Hans H. Hoppeler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Cross Country Skiing ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPurpose. Recreational cross-country skiers can benefit from a performance diagnostic when planning a training program. The aim of this study was to establish a simple test protocol to measure endurance capacity and provide training recommendations. Methods. The relationship between endurance performance and cross-country skiing technique was assessed using two tests. First, a lactate threshold test whereby running speed was determined on a treadmill at 4 mmol/l blood lactate concentration. Second, participants completed a variation of the Cooper test using skating technique on flat terrain to determine the distance covered in 12 min and maximum heart rate. Results. There was a correlative (r = 0.18 respectivelly R2 = 0.43) relationship of between the distance covered in the Cooper test and treadmill running speed at 4 mmol/l blood lactate concentration. Conclusions. The two tests allow recreational athletes to rank themselves with regards to their endurance capacity within a population. The relationship between distance covered and maximum heart rate can indicate whether future training should focus on technical or physical improvement.

Blood Lactate Concentration and Clearance in Elite Swimmers During Competition

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Vescovi ◽  
Olesya Falenchuk ◽  
Greg D. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Competitive Swimming ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Lactate Removal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Competitive Swimmers ◽  
Effect Of Age

Purpose:Blood lactate concentration, [BLa], after swimming events might be influenced by demographic features and characteristics of the swim race, whereas active recovery enhances blood lactate removal. Our aims were to (1) examine how sex, age, race distance, and swim stroke influenced [BLa] after competitive swimming events and (2) develop a practical model based on recovery swim distance to optimize blood lactate removal.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed postrace [BLa] from 100 swimmers who competed in the finals at the Canadian Swim Championships. [BLa] was also assessed repeatedly during the active recovery. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the relationship between postrace [BLa] with independent variables.Results:Postrace [BLa] was highest following 100–200 m events and lowest after 50 and 1500 m races. A sex effect for postrace [BLa] was observed only for freestyle events. There was a negligible effect of age on postrace [BLa]. A model was developed to estimate an expected change in [BLa] during active recovery (male = 0; female = 1): [BLa] change after active recovery = –3.374 + (1.162 × sex) + (0.789 × postrace [BLa]) + (0.003 × active recovery distance).Conclusions:These findings indicate that swimmers competing at an elite standard display similar postrace [BLa] and that there is little effect of age on postrace [BLa] in competitive swimmers aged 14 to 29 y.

scholarly journals Detection of the Lactate Threshold in Runners: What is the Ideal Speed to Start an Incremental Test?

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luiz Dantas ◽  
Christian Doria
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Incremental tests on a treadmill are used to evaluate endurance athletes; however, no criterion exists to determine the intensity at which to start the test, potentially causing the loss of the first lactate threshold. This study aimed to determine the ideal speed for runners to start incremental treadmill tests. The study consisted of 94 runners who self-reported the average speed from their last competitive race (10-42.195 km) and performed an incremental test on a treadmill. The speeds used during the first three test stages were normalised in percentages of average competition speed and blood lactate concentration was analysed at the end of each stage. The relationship between speed in each stage and blood lactate concentration was analysed. In the first stage, at an intensity corresponding to 70% of the reported average race speed, only one volunteer had blood lactate concentration equal to 2 mmol·L-1, and in the third stage (90% of the average race speed) the majority of the volunteers had blood lactate concentration ≥2 mmol·L-1. Our results demonstrated that 70% of the average speed from the subject’s last competitive race - from 10 to 42.195 km - was the best option for obtaining blood lactate concentration <2 mmol·L-1 in the first stage, however, 80% of the average speed in marathons may be a possibility. Evaluators can use 70% of the average speed in competitive races as a strategy to ensure that the aerobic threshold intensity is not achieved during the first stage of incremental treadmill tests.

Can measures of critical power precisely estimate the maximal metabolic steady-state?

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Mattioni Maturana ◽  
Daniel A. Keir ◽  
Kaitlin M. McLay ◽  
Juan M. Murias
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Stable Oxygen ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Relationship Of

Critical power (CP) conceptually represents the highest power output (PO) at physiological steady-state. In cycling exercise, CP is traditionally derived from the hyperbolic relationship of ∼5 time-to-exhaustion trials (TTE) (CPHYP). Recently, a 3-min all-out test (CP3MIN) has been proposed for estimation of CP as well the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS). The aim of this study was to compare the POs derived from CPHYP, CP3MIN, and MLSS, and the oxygen uptake and blood lactate concentrations at MLSS. Thirteen healthy young subjects (age, 26 ± 3years; mass, 69.0 ± 9.2 kg; height, 174 ± 10 cm; maximal oxygen uptake, 60.4 ± 5.9 mL·kg−1·min−1) were tested. CPHYP was estimated from 5 TTE. CP3MIN was calculated as the mean PO during the last 30 s of a 3-min all-out test. MLSS was the highest PO during a 30-min ride where the variation in blood lactate concentration was ≤ 1.0 mmol·L−1 during the last 20 min. PO at MLSS (233 ± 41 W; coefficient of variation (CoV), 18%) was lower than CPHYP (253 ± 44 W; CoV, 17%) and CP3MIN (250 ± 51 W; CoV, 20%) (p < 0.05). Limits of agreement (LOA) from Bland–Altman plots between CPHYP and CP3MIN (–39 to 31 W), and CP3MIN and MLSS (–29 to 62 W) were wide, whereas CPHYP and MLSS presented the narrowest LOA (–7 to 48 W). MLSS yielded not only the maximum PO of stable blood lactate concentration, but also stable oxygen uptake. In conclusion, POs associated to CPHYP and CP3MIN were larger than those observed during MLSS rides. Although CPHYP and CP3MIN were not different, the wide LOA between these 2 tests and the discrepancy with PO at MLSS questions the ability of CP measures to determine the maximal physiological steady-state.

Superior Physiological Adaptations After a Microcycle of Short Intervals Versus Long Intervals in Cyclists

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bent R. Rønnestad ◽  
Sjur J. Øfsteng ◽  
Fabio Zambolin ◽  
Truls Raastad ◽  
Daniel Hammarström
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Endurance Performance

Purpose: To compare the effects of a 1-week high-intensity aerobic-training shock microcycle composed of either 5 short-interval sessions (SI; n = 9, 5 series with 12 × 30-s work intervals interspersed with 15-s recovery and 3-min recovery between series) or 5 long-interval sessions (LI; n = 8, 6 series of 5-min work intervals with 2.5-min recovery between series) on indicators of endurance performance in well-trained cyclists. Methods: Before and following 6 days with standardized training loads after the 1-week high-intensity aerobic-training shock microcycle, both groups were tested in physiological determinants of endurance performance. Results: From pretraining to posttraining, SI achieved a larger improvement than LI in maximal oxygen uptake (5.7%; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–10.3; P = .015) and power output at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol·L−1 (3.8%; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–7.4; P = .038). There were no group differences in changes of fractional use of maximal oxygen uptake at a workload corresponding to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol·L−1, gross efficiency, or the 1-minute peak power output from the maximal-oxygen-uptake test. Conclusion: The SI protocol may induce superior changes in indicators of endurance performance compared with the LI protocol, indicating that SI can be a good strategy during a 1-week high-intensity aerobic-training shock microcycle in well-trained cyclists.

Blood lactates after prolonged severe exercise

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per-Olof Åstrand ◽  
Inger Hallbäck ◽  
Rune Hedman ◽  
Bengt Saltin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Severe Exercise ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Maximal Effort

Blood was drawn from cross-country skiers at 1–3 min after the finish in competitions on distances from 10 to 85 km and the blood lactate determined. Despite a maximal effort of the skiers, accentuated at the end of the race, there was a successive decrease in the blood lactate concentration with work time. After a 10-km race, work time 35–36 min, the average was 139 mg/100 ml of blood (12.5 mEq/liter); after a 30-km race, with a time of 1 hr 50 min-1 hr 56 min, the mean value was 68 mg/100 ml (6.1 mEq/liter); and after a 50-km race, work time 3 hr 6 min-3 hr 18 min, 39 mg/100 ml (3.5 mEq/liter). A lactate concentration exceeding 100 mg/100 ml is a common finding after maximal muscular exercise involving large muscles. The explanation for the low values after prolonged maximal work, indicating a different kind of fatigue, is presently obscure. Data are presented on the oxygen uptake attained during skiing at actual racing speed (average Vo2 = 4.45 liters/min). Submitted on July 16, 1962

The climbing protocol of the Swiss Alpine Club – an approximation of biological correlates?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Sport Climbing ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Introduction: Sport climbing is becoming more and more popular however, protocols for analyzing technique do rarely exist. One common tool in Switzerland is the standard climbing protocol of SAC, which is oriented at the standard movement of climbing allowing to rate individual technique. In this study interaction of blood lactate concentration and its interaction with technique scores were analyzed. Methods: 12 sportclimbers of good leisure sport level with regular climbing activity performed 3 previously unknown routes with difficulties of 6–, 6, 6+ (UIAA Scale) in a climbing hall. Before and immediately after climbing blood lactate concentration was measured: Technical skills for all routes were rated with technical protocol of standard movement developed by the Swiss Alpine Club. Results: Average values of blood lactate concentration increased in route 6– from 1.9 ± 0.6 mmol/l to 3 ± 1.1 mmol/l, in 6 from 2 ± 0.6 mmo/l to 3.4 ± 1.2 mmol/l, in 6+ from 2.2 ± 0.7 mmol/l to 4.4 ± 1.8 mmol/l. Rated technical skills continuously decreased with increasing difficulties of climbing routes with interindividual large differences. Discussion: Principally, the inverse decrease of technique scores to lactate concentration implies, that the tested protocol not only measures technical skills but also physiological components. Furthermore, the identified relationship of technique and strength implies a close relationship in climbing of these two components.

The Effect of Compression Garments on Performance in Elite Winter Biathletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Tom Toolis ◽  
Kerry McGawley
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Compression Garments ◽  
Cross Country Skiing ◽  
Cross Country

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of wearing upper- and lower-body compression garments on cross-country skiing performance in elite winter biathletes. Methods: A total of 7 senior biathletes (4 men and 3 women) from the Swedish national team performed 2 exercise trials in a randomized and counterbalanced order, wearing either commercially available upper- and lower-body compression garments (COMP) or a standard winter-biathlon racing suit (CON). In each trial, the athletes roller-skied on a customized treadmill, completing a time trial simulating the skiing duration of a biathlon sprint race, followed by a time-to-exhaustion test designed to elicit exhaustion within ∼60 to 90 seconds. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort were monitored throughout each trial, while muscle soreness was measured up to 48 hours after each trial. Results: Pressure exerted by the clothing was significantly higher at all anatomical sites for COMP compared with CON (P ≤ .002). Wearing COMP led to small positive effects on time-trial (d = 0.31) and time-to-exhaustion test (d = 0.31) performances compared with CON, but these differences were not statistically significant (P > .05). No significant differences were found for any physiological (heart rate or blood lactate concentration) or subjective (rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, or muscle soreness) responses between COMP and CON (P > .05). Conclusion: Wearing COMP during maximal cross-country skiing may have small but worthwhile beneficial effects on performance for some individuals. Due to individual variation, athletes are advised to test COMP prior to competition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document