scholarly journals The Gut and Blood Microbiome in IgA Nephropathy and Healthy Controls

Kidney360 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.34067/KID.0000132021
Author(s):  
Neal B. Shah ◽  
Sagar U. Nigwekar ◽  
Sahir Kalim ◽  
Benjamin Lelouvier ◽  
Florence Servant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Intestinal Membrane ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Translocation Of Bacteria ◽  
Control Study

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has been associated with gut dysbiosis, intestinal membrane disruption and translocation of bacteria into blood. Our study aimed to understand the association of gut and blood microbiomes in IgAN patients in relation to healthy controls. Methods: We conducted a case control study with 20 progressive IgAN patients matched with 20 healthy controls, analyzing bacterial DNA quantitatively in blood by 16S PCR and qualitatively in blood and stool by 16S metagenomic sequencing. Between group comparisons as well as comparisons between the blood and gut microbiomes were conducted. Results: Higher median 16S bacterial DNA in blood was found in the IgAN group compared to the healthy controls group (7410 vs 6030 16SrDNA copies/uL blood, p = 0.04). Alpha and beta diversity in both blood and stool was largely similar between the IgAN and healthy groups.. Higher proportions of class Coriobacteriia, and species of genera legionella, Enhydrobacter and parabacteroides in blood; and species of genera Bacteroides, Escherichia-Shigella and some Ruminococcus in stool were observed in IgAN patients in comparison with healthy controls. Taxa distribution were markedly different between the blood and stool samples of each subject in both IgAN and healthy groups without any significant correlation between corresponding gut and blood phyla. Conclusions: Important bacterial taxonomic differences quantitatively in blood and qualitatively in both blood and stool samples detected between IgAN and healthy groups warrant further investigation into their roles in the pathogenesis of IgAN. While gut bacterial translocation into blood may be one of the potential sources of the blood microbiome, marked taxonomic differences between gut and blood samples in each subject in both groups confirms that the blood microbiome does not directly reflect the gut microbiome. Further research is needed into other possible sites of origin and internal regulation of the blood microbiome.

scholarly journals SAT0077 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ASSESSMENT WITH CAROTID ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN ADDITION TO THE TRADITIONAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 973-973
Author(s):  
R. Gonzalez Mazario ◽  
J. J. Fragio-Gil ◽  
P. Martinez Calabuig ◽  
E. Grau García ◽  
M. De la Rubia Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Carotid Ultrasonography ◽  
Control Study

Background:Cardiovascular disease (CV) is the most frequent cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. It is well known that RA acts as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.Objectives:To assess the CV risk in RA patients using carotid ultrasonography (US) additionally to the traditional CV risk factors.Methods:A prospective transversal case control study was performed, including adult RA patients who fulfilled ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and healthy controls matched according to CV risk factors. Population over 75 years old, patients with established CV disease and/or chronic kidney failure (from III stage) were excluded. The US evaluator was blinded to the case/control condition and evaluated the presence of plaques and the intima-media thickness. Statistical analysis was performed with R (3.6.1 version) and included a multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) and a negative binomial regression adjusted by confounding factors (age, sex and CV risk factors).Results:A total of 200 cases and 111 healthy controls were included in the study. Demographical, clinical and US data are exposed in table 1. Not any difference was detected in terms of CV risk factors between the cases and controls. In both groups a relationship between age, BMI and high blood pressure was detected (p<0.001).Table 1.Table 2.RA basal characteristicsDisease duration (years)16,98 (11,38)Erosions (X-Ray of hands/feet)163 (81,5%)Seropositive (RF/anti-CCP)146 (73%)Extra-articular symptoms44 (22%)Intersticial difusse lung disease10 (5%)Rheumatoid nodules14 (7%)Prednisone use103 (51,5%)Median dose of Prednisone last year (mg)2,34 (2,84)sDMARDsMethotrexate104 (52%)Leflunomide29 (14,5%)Hydroxycloroquine9 (4,5%)bDMARDs89 (44,5%) TNFi41 (20,5%) Abatacept15 (7,5%) IL6i22 (11%) RTX11 (5,5%)JAKi26 (13%) Baricitinib11 (5,5%) Tofacitinib15 (7,5%)DAS 28-ESR3,1 (2,3, 3,9)SDAI7,85 (4,04, 13,41)HAQ0,88 (0,22, 1,5)RF (U/mL)51 (15, 164,25)Anti-CCP (U/mL)173 (22, 340)Patients showed higher intima-media (both right and left) thickness compared to controls (p<0.006). Moreover it was also related to the disease duration and DAS28 score (p<0.001). A higher plaque account was noted in cases(p<0.004) and it was also related to the disease duration (p<0.001).Conclusion:RA implies a higher CV risk. Traditional CV risk factors explains only partially the global risk. These findings support that RA acts as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Anti-CCP Antibody Levels Are Not Associated with MS: Results from a Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Alpayci ◽  
Aysel Milanlioglu ◽  
Veysel Delen ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Aydin ◽  
Huseyin Guducuoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Citrullinated Proteins ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Citrullinated Peptide ◽  
Control Study

Citrullinated proteins have been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody is used in the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-CCP antibody in patients with MS compared to RA patients and healthy controls. Fifty patients with MS (38 females, 12 males; mean age 36.72 ± 8.82 years), 52 patients with RA (40 females, 12 males; mean age 40.87 ± 10.17 years), and 50 healthy controls (32 females, 18 males; mean age 38.22 ± 11.59 years) were included in this study. The levels of serum anti-CCP antibody were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of the study showed that anti-CCP antibody levels were significantly higher in RA patients versus MS or healthy controls(P<0.001). Moreover, anti-CCP antibody was positive in 43 (83%) patients with RA, while it was negative in all MS patients as well as in all healthy controls. Also, no significant correlation was found between the anti-CCP levels and EDSS scores(r=-0.250). In conclusion, the results of this study did not support a positive association between serum anti-CCP antibody and MS.

scholarly journals Ethnic differences in CAPN10 SNP-19 in type 2 diabetes: a North-West Indian case control study and evidence from meta-analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 146-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUBINA SHARMA ◽  
KAWALJIT MATHAROO ◽  
ROHIT KAPOOR ◽  
HIMANSHI CHOPRA ◽  
AJS BHANWER
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Control Study

SummaryCalpain 10 (CAPN10) variants have been associated with the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the present case-control study, we analysed the distribution of SNP-19 insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in a total of 607 samples (103 T2D cases and 102 healthy controls) from Brahmin; (100 T2D cases and 100 healthy controls) from Bania and (100 T2D cases and 102 healthy controls) from Jat Sikh ethnic groups of the North-West Indian population. Increased frequency of I allele and II genotype was found in T2D in Brahmin ethnic group [P = 0·003, OR = 2·83 (1·43–5·61 at 95% CI)]. Significant correlation between II genotype and body mass index (BMI) was also observed [P = 0·003, OR = 3·31 (1·52–7·20 at 95% CI)]. No association for the genotypes and alleles was seen in Banias and Jat Sikhs. Our data suggests that SNP-19 I/D variation in the CAPN10 gene is modulated by ethnicity and influences the susceptibility to T2D in the North-West Indian population. We also performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies to assess the validity of this association. Data from 13 case-control studies with 15 760 samples comprising of 8395 T2D cases and 7365 controls were finally analysed. Significant heterogeneity between individual studies was evident in dominant and codominant models. The results of present meta-analysis indicate an association of T2D with carriers of DD genotype of CAPN10 I/D polymorphism. However, further analyses on a larger sample size are required to establish a conclusive association in meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Salivary Cortisol Levels in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus—A Pilot Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Skrinjar ◽  
Valentina Vidranski ◽  
Bozana Loncar Brzak ◽  
Danica Vidovic Juras ◽  
Ana Andabak Rogulj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Oral Lichen ◽  
Control Study

It is known that cortisol level increases in stress situations. The aim of the study was to measure the levels of salivary cortisol in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and healthy controls. This was a case-control pilot study which included seven patients with reticular (non-symptomatic) OLP, eight patients with atrophic/erosive (symptomatic) OLP, and nine healthy controls. We hypothesized that patients with an atrophic/erosive type of OLP have higher levels of cortisol compared to patients with the reticular type of OLP and healthy controls. In each participant, unstimulated saliva was collected in order to determine cortisol levels by using commercially available ELISA kit. Our results have shown no differences between levels of salivary cortisol in OLP patients and healthy controls. We can conclude that further research with a larger number of OLP patients is needed to determine the correlation between OLP and stress.

scholarly journals Plasma metabolites associated with healthy Nordic dietary indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes—a nested case-control study in a Swedish population

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Shi ◽  
Carl Brunius ◽  
Ingegerd Johansson ◽  
Ingvar A Bergdahl ◽  
Bernt Lindahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Nordic Diet ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Background Epidemiologic evidence on the association of a healthy Nordic diet and future type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. Exploring metabolites as biomarkers of healthy Nordic dietary patterns may facilitate investigation of associations between such patterns and T2D. Objectives We aimed to identify metabolites related to a priori-defined healthy Nordic dietary indexes, the Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS) and Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI), and evaluate associations with the T2D risk in a case-control study nested in a Swedish population-based prospective cohort. Design Plasma samples from 421 case-control pairs at baseline and samples from a subset of 151 healthy controls at a 10-y follow-up were analyzed with the use of untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics. Index-related metabolites were identified through the use of random forest modelling followed by partial correlation analysis adjustment for lifestyle confounders. Metabolite patterns were derived via principal component analysis (PCA). ORs of T2D were estimated via conditional logistic regression. Reproducibility of metabolites was assessed by intraclass correlation (ICC) in healthy controls. Associations were also assessed for 10 metabolites previously identified as linking a healthy Nordic diet with T2D. Results In total, 31 metabolites were associated with BSDS and/or HNFI (−0.19 ≤ r ≤ 0.21, 0.10 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.59). Two PCs were determined from index-related metabolites: PC1 strongly correlated to the indexes (r = 0.27 for BSDS, r = 0.25 for HNFI, ICC = 0.45) but showed no association with T2D risk. PC2 was weakly associated with the indexes, but more strongly with foods not part of the indexes, e.g., pizza, sausages, and hamburgers. PC2 was also significantly associated with T2D risk. Predefined metabolites were confirmed to be reflective of consumption of whole grains, fish, or vegetables, but not related to T2D risk. Conclusions Our study did not support an association between healthy Nordic dietary indexes and T2D. However, foods such as hamburger, sausage, and pizza not covered by the indexes appeared to be more important for T2D risk in the current population.

Establishing Urinary Leukotriene E4 as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Comorbid Asthma and Atopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griffin D. Santarelli ◽  
Kent K. Lam ◽  
Joseph K. Han
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotriene ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Control Study

Objective While urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a validated biomarker for the cysteinyl leukotriene pathway, which is central to the pathophysiology of asthma, atopy, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the contributions of comorbid asthma and atopy to uLTE4 levels in various CRS subtypes have not been previously characterized. We sought to (1) identify reference values for uLTE4 in subjects with and without CRS and (2) determine how the presence of comorbid atopy and asthma affects uLTE4 levels in CRS. Setting Tertiary referral medical center. Subjects and Methods A prospective case-control study was conducted to compare uLTE4 levels between patients with CRS and healthy controls. Urinary LTE4 levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay and were adjusted for urinary creatinine concentrations (pg/mg Cr). Patients with CRS were stratified by the clinical comorbidities to determine normative uLTE4 values for patients with CRS with and without comorbid asthma or atopy. Results A total of 153 patients (mean age, 47.3; 47.1% female) were included in the study. Patients with CRS demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of uLTE4 than healthy controls (1652 vs 1065 pg/mg Cr, P = .032). Within the group of patients with CRS, comorbid asthma also individually correlated with elevated uLTE4 levels (1597 pg/mg Cr, P = .0098). Patients with CRS who did not have comorbid allergy and asthma, in contrast, did not have statistically higher uLTE4 levels than healthy controls (1142 pg/mg Cr, P = .61). Conclusion Urinary LTE4 serves as a noninvasive measure of the inflammatory state in CRS. Comorbid asthma and atopy contribute to elevated uLTE4 levels in CRS.

scholarly journals Plasma homocysteine levels in patients with Psoriasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousumi Das ◽  
Indranil Dawn ◽  
Susmita Sarkar ◽  
Kapildev Das
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine Level ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
High Level ◽  
Control Study

Background: Hyper homocysteinaemia represents an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral arterial occlusive disease and venous thrombosis. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with increased atherothrombosis and cardiovascular risk profile. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate homocysteine in psoriatic patients and its relationship with the severity of the disease.Materials and Methods: A case control study in 50 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and 50 healthy controls was performed. Total plasma homocysteine level, and PASI index were assessed in every patient.Results: Patients with psoriasis had plasma homocysteine levels higher than controls. The severity of psoriasis assessed according to PASI directly correlate either with plasma homocysteine.Conclusion: A significantly higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia was found in psoriatic patients compared to healthy controls. Our data directly correlate the high level of homocysteine with higher PASI scores.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 4-7

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