scholarly journals Innovation Ecosystem of ASEAN Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 356-364
Author(s):  
Jutamat Jintana ◽  
Alonggot Limcharoen ◽  
Yanin Patsopa ◽  
Sakgasem Ramingwong
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

The paper investigates the innovation ecosystem alignment of ASEAN countries, based on the Global Competitiveness Report 2019 and Global Innovation Report 2019. Of interest are issues on institutions, human capital and research, infrastructure, market sophistication, and business sophistication. The results show the comparative strengths and weaknesses of each ASEAN economy. The information is suggestive to policymaker and private sectors if any measurement is required to close these gaps or to leverage their innovation ecosystem.

ИНСОН КАПИТАЛИНИНГ РИВОЖЛАНГАНЛИК ДАРАЖАСИНИ АНИҚЛАШДА ГЛОБАЛ ИННОВАЦИОН ИНДЕКСНИНГ ЎРНИ РОЛЬ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ИНДЕКСА В ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ УРОВНЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА THE ROLE OF THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX IN DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Асамходжаева Шоира
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Key Words Human ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovative Resources

Аннотация: Мақолада инсон капиталининг моҳияти ҳамда унинг ривожланганлик даражасини аниқлашда Глобал Инновацион Индекснинг ўрни тадқиқ қилинган. Ўзбекистоннинг Глобал Инновацион Индексдаги ўрни ўрганиб чиқилган ва таҳлил қилинган. Калит сўзлар: инсон капитали, инновация, инвестиция, инновация ресурслари, инновация натижалари, институционал ривожланиш, илмий тадқиқотлар, инфратузилма. Аннотация: В статье исследуется сущности человеческого капитала и роль глобального инновационного индекса в определении уровня его развития. Место Узбекистана в Глобальном инновационном индексе изучено и проанализировано. Ключевые слова: человеческий капитал, инновации, инвестиции, инновационные ресурсы, результаты инноваций, институциональное развитие, научные исследования, инфраструктура. Abstract: The article examines the essence of human capital and the role of the global innovation index in determining the level of its development. The place of Uzbekistan in the Global Innovation Index has been studied and analysed. Key words: human capital, innovation, investment, innovative resources, innovation results, institutions, research, infrastructure.

scholarly journals Empirical study of national technological innovation capability in Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica García-Ochoa Mayor ◽  
María Luisa Blázquez de la Hera ◽  
Enrique De Diego Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Innovation Indicators ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

This paper performs an analysis of the technological innovation capability in 30 African countries. Based on the literature about national innovation capability and economy of technological change, an empirical study using clusters’ analysis technique and the technological innovation indicators published in the Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011 (WEF, 2010) has been performed in order to explore the existence of groups of countries characterized by different technological innovation levels, deepening in their characteristics and the distance that separates them. The results show the existence of four groups of countries defined by different technological innovation capabilities in three factors, which are the Governmental and business technological policy, the Technological infrastructure and human capital (Available Base) and the Protection of intellectual property and innovation results.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to estimating the efficiency and effectiveness of research activities: world practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-40
Author(s):  
Kateryna KLYMENKO ◽  
◽  
Maksym SAVOSTIANENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Competitiveness Index

The article discusses methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of research activities used in world practice, in particular, such OECD standards as Oslo Manual, Frascati Manual, Using Patent Data as Science and Technology Indikators – Patent Manual, The Measurement of Human Resources Devoted to S&T – Canberra Manual and Guide for the Measurement and Interpretation of Balance of Payments Data, Hong Kong Principles etc. The assessment of the scientific sphere in international comparisons is given according to the following world rankings: The Global Innovation Index (GII, Global Innovation Index), the Global Competitiveness Index (GCІ, The Global Competitiveness Index) and the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS, European Innovation Scoreboard). To compare world practice, the article presents the indicators used in Ukraine for grouping statistical data on scientific activity, which are covered by the State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Education and Science. The article emphasizes the importance of adopting the Concept of the State Program for the Development of Research Infrastructures in Ukraine until 2026, proposed by the Ministry of Education and Science. The adoption of such a Concept is extremely important, as its implementation will contribute to the effective and balanced development of research infrastructures and will ensure the functioning of the research infrastructure system at the appropriate level. Scientists will be provided with access to a competitive research infrastructure and motivated to engage in high-level scientific and scientific-technical activities. The effectiveness of the Concept implementation measures will be ensured by optimizing logistical, financial and labor costs aimed at improving the quality of Ukrainian research infrastructures.

scholarly journals THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMPANY IN TERMS OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Марина Шевченко ◽  
Тетяна Друз’яка
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Innovative Potential

Theoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of “innovative potential” based on the paradigm of the knowledge economy are considered. The origin and development of the concepts of “innovative potential” and “knowledge economy” are investigated. The main types of economy are  analyzed and the distinguishing features of each of them are highlighted. The main components of innovative potential in accordance with the type of knowledge are identified. The basic relationship between the knowledge economy and innovative potential at the micro and macro levels is justified. It has been confirmed that the knowledge-based economy of knowledge focuses on a person as the main source of knowledge, which it embodies in tangible and intangible forms, transfers this knowledge and aims to commercialize it. The innovative potential shows the readiness of the system to produce new knowledge by using existing knowledge. The theory of human capital and modern principles of its development are considered. The latest achievements, trends and sources of information that relate to the knowledge economy and innovative potential are analyzed: the human capital index, the global innovation index, and the global competitiveness index. The main trends in the pharmaceutical field and the state of innovation in it are considered. The practical connection between the development of the knowledge economy and innovative potential at the enterprise level is revealed. A survey of consumers in relation to pharmaceutical products of national and foreign manufacturers was conducted, because according to a statistical analysis, problems with the mismatch between the capabilities of foreign manufacturers and national manufacturers were identified, negatively affect the process of commercialization of knowledge by enterprises. The main problems of pharmaceutical enterprises from the point of view of the knowledge economy are identified. The solution to this problem will affect the economic situation of the enterprise, industry and economy of the country.

scholarly journals Implementation of K-Means and K-Medians Clustering in Several Countries Based on Global Innovation Index (GII) 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 0210107
Author(s):  
Pardomuan Robinson Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Research Infrastructure ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Cluster 2 ◽  
Better Than

The Global Innovation Index (GII) is an instrument to assess the ranking of innovation capabilities of all countries. The sub-index of the GII has seven enabler pillars: Institutions, Human Capital and Research, Infrastructure, Market sophistication, Business Sophistication, Knowledge and Technology Outputs, and Creative Outputs. The k-means method and k-medians method are methods for cluster countries based on GII. Cluster 1 in k-means method consists of 48 Countries, Cluster 2 consists of 45 Countries and Cluster 3 consists of 33 Countries and has the average value of seven variables are the highest. Cluster 1 in k-medians method consists of 33 Countries and has the average value of seven variables are the highest., Cluster 2 consists of 53 Countries and Cluster 3 consists of 40 Countries. The result clustering with using k-means method and k-medians method showed that k-medians is better than k-means method because the variance value of k-medians is smaller than k-means. 

IN SEARCH OF EDUCATIONAL STRATEGY FOR UKRAINE

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viсtor Ognevyuk
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
School Management ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
Management School ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

The article deals with the world rating of Ukrainian educational sphere according to The Global Competitiveness Report and UNESCO Science Report. It shows comparative indices of Ukraine in contrast to the other countries of these world ratings according to the “Quality of primary education”, “Penetration of primary education”, “Penetration of secondary education”, “Quality of secondary education”, “Quality of education in Sciences”, “Quality of school management”, “School access to the internet” and others. The article also defines strategic directions of reforming Ukrainian education system to improve its position in the world international ratings.

Innovative Techniques and Strategies of Skill Building for Human Resource Development in SMEs, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arti Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Skill Building ◽  
And Training

India has gradually evolved as knowledge based economy due to the abundance of capable, flexible and qualified human capital. With the constantly rising influence of globalization, India has immense opportunities to establish its distinctive position in the world. However, there is a need to further develop and empower the human capital to ensure the nations global competitiveness. Despite the empathetic stress laid on education and training in this country, there is still a shortage of skilled manpower to address the mounting needs and demands of the economy. Skill building can be viewed as an instrument to improve the effectiveness and contribution of labor to the overall production. It is as an important ingredient to push the production possibility frontier outward and to take growth rate of the economy to a higher trajectory. This paper focuses on skill development in Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) which contribute nearly 8 percent of the country's GDP, 45 percent of the manufacturing output and 40 percent of the exports. They provide the largest share of employment after agriculture. They are the nurseries for entrepreneurship and innovation. SMEs have been established in almost all-major sectors in the Indian industry. The main assets for any firm, especially small and medium sized enterprises are their human capital. This is even more important in the knowledge based economy, where intangible factors and services are of growing importance. The rapid obsolescence of knowledge is a key factor of the knowledge economy. However, we also know that for a small business it is very difficult to engage staff in education and training in order to update and upgrade their skills within continuous learning approach. Therefore there is a need to innovate new techniques and strategies of skill development to develop human capital in SME's.

scholarly journals Sustainability level, corruption and tax evasion: a cross-country analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hichem Khlif ◽  
Achraf Guidara ◽  
Khaled Hussainey
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Competitiveness Report

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between the level of sustainability and tax evasion and test whether the level of corruption moderates such a relationship. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 65 developed and developing countries. Tax evasion is measured using a macro indirect approach used by Schneider et al. (2010). The sustainability level and corruption variables are collected from The Global Competitiveness Report for 2012-2013. Findings This study finds that the level of tax evasion is negatively associated with the level of sustainability (overall score and social and environmental score) and the quality of infrastructure. When we distinguish between low- and high-corruption countries, we find that this negative association is significant for low-corruption countries and insignificant for high-corruption countries. These results imply that the level of corruption may reduce the tendency of individuals in a given state to accept and trust their government in general and comply with the tax rules in particular. Originality/value Our empirical findings have policy implications for governments with high levels of tax evasion, as they highlight the importance of states’ engagements towards their citizens in reducing tax evasion.

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