scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Salt Concentration and Working Temperature towards Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition

Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panlong Li ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Chanyuan Zhang ◽  
Renhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Growth ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Working Temperature ◽  
Charge Discharge

The lithium- (Li-) metal anode is crucial for developing high-energy-density batteries, while its dendritic growth and the low charge/discharge Coulombic efficiency in organic electrolytes hinder its practical application. Herein, we employed an in situ optical microscope to investigate the effect of the electrolyte concentration and the working temperature on the Li-plating/-stripping process. It is found that a higher concentration electrolyte can suppress its side reaction to improve the charge/discharge Coulombic efficiency, and a higher temperature can help lithium plate/strip uniformly with less lithium dendritic growth. An average Coulombic efficiency was obtained as high as 99.2% for over 150 cycles with a fixed plating capacity of 2 mAh cm-2 on copper foil in a 3 mol/kg ether-based electrolyte under 60°C, which provides an efficient and facile strategy for developing high-performance Li-metal batteries.

Carbon-rich Conjugated Framework PTEB Modified Cu Nanowires for Stabilizing Lithium Metal Anode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Yang ◽  
Ru Xiao ◽  
Tongwei Zhang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Benhe Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Dendritic Growth ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Cu Nanowires ◽  
Lithium Metal Anode

Lithium metal anode provides a direction for the development of high-energy-density lithium ion batteries. In order to solve lithium dendritic growth and low Coulombic efficiency in lithium plating/stripping process, designing...

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Lithiophilic Porous Framework toward Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anode

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Pathak ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Qiquan Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Lithium Metal Anode

Rechargeable lithium metal anode (LMA) based batteries have attracted great attention as next-generation high-energy-density storage systems to fuel the extensive practical applications in portable electronics and electric vehicles. However, the formation of unstable solid-electrolyte- interphase (SEI) and growth of lithium dendrite during plating/stripping cycles stimulate safety concern, poor coulombic efficiency (CE), and short lifespan of the lithium metal batteries (LMBs). To address these issues, the rational design of micro/nanostructured Li hosts are widely adopted in LMBs. The high surface area of the interconnected conductive framework can homogenize the Li-ion flux distribution, lower the effective current density, and provides sufficient space for Li accommodation. However, the poor lithiophilicity of the micro/nanostructure host cannot govern the initial lithium nucleation, which leads to the non-uniform/dendritic Li deposition and unstable SEI formation. As a result, the nucleation overpotential and voltage hysteresis increases, which eventually leads to poor battery cycling performance. Thus, it is imperative to decorate a micro/nanostructured Li host with lithiophilic coatings or seeds for serving as a homogeneous nucleation site to guide the uniform lithium deposition. In this review, we summarize research progress on porous metal and non-metal based lithiophilic micro/nanostructured Li hosts. We present the synthesis, structural properties, and the significance of lithiophilic decorated micro/nanostructured Li host in the LMBs. Finally, the perspectives and critical challenges needed to address for the further improvement of LMBs are concluded.

scholarly journals An ultrastable lithium metal anode enabled by designed metal fluoride spansules

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. eaaz3112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huadong Yuan ◽  
Jianwei Nai ◽  
He Tian ◽  
Zhijin Ju ◽  
Wenkui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Layer ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Metal Fluoride ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Lithium Metal Anode ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Lithium Dendrites

The lithium metal anode (LMA) is considered as a promising star for next-generation high-energy density batteries but is still hampered by the severe growth of uncontrollable lithium dendrites. Here, we design “spansules” made of NaMg(Mn)F3@C core@shell microstructures as the matrix for the LMA, which can offer a long-lasting release of functional ions into the electrolyte. By the assistance of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, we reveal that an in situ–formed metal layer and a unique LiF-involved bilayer structure on the Li/electrolyte interface would be beneficial for effectively suppressing the growth of lithium dendrites. As a result, the spansule-modified anode affords a high Coulombic efficiency of 98% for over 1000 cycles at a current density of 2 mA cm−2, which is the most stable LMA reported so far. When coupling this anode with the Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 cathode, the practical full cell further exhibits highly improved capacity retention after 500 cycles.

scholarly journals Role of inner solvation sheath within salt–solvent complexes in tailoring electrode/electrolyte interphases for lithium metal batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (46) ◽  
pp. 28603-28613
Author(s):  
Xiaodi Ren ◽  
Peiyuan Gao ◽  
Lianfeng Zou ◽  
Shuhong Jiao ◽  
Xia Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
General Rule ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Proton Charge

Functional electrolyte is the key to stabilize the highly reductive lithium (Li) metal anode and the high-voltage cathode for long-life, high-energy-density rechargeable Li metal batteries (LMBs). However, fundamental mechanisms on the interactions between reactive electrodes and electrolytes are still not well understood. Recently localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) are emerging as a promising electrolyte design strategy for LMBs. Here, we use LHCEs as an ideal platform to investigate the fundamental correlation between the reactive characteristics of the inner solvation sheath on electrode surfaces due to their unique solvation structures. The effects of a series of LHCEs with model electrolyte solvents (carbonate, sulfone, phosphate, and ether) on the stability of high-voltage LMBs are systematically studied. The stabilities of electrodes in different LHCEs indicate the intrinsic synergistic effects between the salt and the solvent when they coexist on electrode surfaces. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal an intriguing general rule that the strong interactions between the salt and the solvent in the inner solvation sheath promote their intermolecular proton/charge transfer reactions, which dictates the properties of the electrode/electrolyte interphases and thus the battery performances.

scholarly journals A highly stable lithium metal anode enabled by Ag nanoparticle–embedded nitrogen-doped carbon macroporous fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. eabg3626
Author(s):  
Yongjin Fang ◽  
Song Lin Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Peng Wu ◽  
Deyan Luan ◽  
Xiong Wen (David) Lou
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ag Nanoparticle ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Lithium metal has been considered as an ideal anode candidate for future high energy density lithium batteries. Herein, we develop a three-dimensional (3D) hybrid host consisting of Ag nanoparticle–embedded nitrogen-doped carbon macroporous fibers (denoted as Ag@CMFs) with selective nucleation and targeted deposition of Li. The 3D macroporous framework can inhibit the formation of dendritic Li by capturing metallic Li in the matrix as well as reducing local current density, the lithiophilic nitrogen-doped carbons act as homogeneous nucleation sites owing to the small nucleation barrier, and the Ag nanoparticles improve the Li nucleation and growth behavior with the reversible solid solution–based alloying reaction. As a result, the Ag@CMF composite enables a dendrite-free Li plating/stripping behavior with high Coulombic efficiency for more than 500 cycles. When this anode is coupled with a commercial LiFePO4 cathode, the assembled full cell manifests high rate capability and stable cycling life.

scholarly journals High-capacity, low-tortuosity, and channel-guided lithium metal anode

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (14) ◽  
pp. 3584-3589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Chengwei Wang ◽  
Yiju Li ◽  
Chaoji Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Change ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Lithium Metal Anode

Lithium metal anode with the highest capacity and lowest anode potential is extremely attractive to battery technologies, but infinite volume change during the Li stripping/plating process results in cracks and fractures of the solid electrolyte interphase, low Coulombic efficiency, and dendritic growth of Li. Here, we use a carbonized wood (C-wood) as a 3D, highly porous (73% porosity) conductive framework with well-aligned channels as Li host material. We discovered that molten Li metal can infuse into the straight channels of C-wood to form a Li/C-wood electrode after surface treatment. The C-wood channels function as excellent guides in which the Li stripping/plating process can take place and effectively confine the volume change that occurs. Moreover, the local current density can be minimized due to the 3D C-wood framework. Therefore, in symmetric cells, the as-prepared Li/C-wood electrode presents a lower overpotential (90 mV at 3 mA⋅cm−2), more-stable stripping/plating profiles, and better cycling performance (∼150 h at 3 mA⋅cm−2) compared with bare Li metal electrode. Our findings may open up a solution for fabricating stable Li metal anode, which further facilitates future application of high-energy-density Li metal batteries.

scholarly journals Confine sulfur in double-hollow carbon sphere integrated with carbon nanotubes for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maru Dessie Walle ◽  
You-Nian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Sphere ◽  
Hollow Carbon Sphere ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Hollow Carbon ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

AbstractThe lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising because of the high energy density, low cost, and natural abundance of sulfur material. Li–S batteries have suffered from severe capacity fading and poor cyclability, resulting in low sulfur utilization. Herein, S-DHCS/CNTs are synthesized by integration of a double-hollow carbon sphere (DHCS) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the addition of sulfur in DHCS by melt impregnations. The proposed S-DHCS/CNTs can effectively confine sulfur and physically suppress the diffusion of polysulfides within the double-hollow structures. CNTs act as a conductive agent. S-DHCS/CNTs maintain the volume variations and accommodate high sulfur content 73 wt%. The designed S-DHCS/CNTs electrode with high sulfur loading (3.3 mg cm−2) and high areal capacity (5.6 mAh mg cm−2) shows a high initial specific capacity of 1709 mAh g−1 and maintains a reversible capacity of 730 mAh g−1 after 48 cycles at 0.2 C with high coulombic efficiency (100%). This work offers a fascinating strategy to design carbon-based material for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Hierarchical NiMoO4/NiMoO4 Nanoflowers on Highly Conductive Flexible Nickel Foam Substrate as a Capacitive Electrode Material for Supercapacitors with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Yedluri ◽  
Tarugu Anitha ◽  
Hee-Je Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Charge Discharge

Hierarchical NiMoO4/NiMoO4 nanoflowers were fabricated on highly conductive flexible nickel foam (NF) substrates using a facile hydrothermal method to achieve rapid charge-discharge ability, high energy density, long cycling lifespan, and higher flexibility for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. The synthesized composite electrode material, NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 with a nanoball-like NF/NiMoO4 structure on a NiMoO4 surface over a NF substrate, formed a three-dimensional interconnected porous network for high-performance electrodes. The novel NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 nanoflowers not only enhanced the large surface area and increased the electrochemical activity, but also provided an enhanced rapid ion diffusion path and reduced the charge transfer resistance of the entire electrode effectively. The NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 composite exhibited significantly improved supercapacitor performance in terms of a sustained cycling life, high specific capacitance, rapid charge-discharge capability, high energy density, and good rate capability. Electrochemical analysis of the NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 nanoflowers fabricated on the NF substrate revealed ultra-high electrochemical performance with a high specific capacitance of 2121 F g−1 at 12 mA g−1 in a 3 M KOH electrolyte and 98.7% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles at 14 mA g−1. This performance was superior to the NF/NiMoO4 nanoball electrode (1672 F g−1 at 12 mA g−1 and capacitance retention 93.4% cycles). Most importantly, the SC (NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4) device displayed a maximum energy density of 47.13 W h kg−1, which was significantly higher than that of NF/NiMoO4 (37.1 W h kg−1). Overall, the NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 composite is a suitable material for supercapacitor applications.

scholarly journals Monocarborane cluster as a stable fluorine-free calcium battery electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuaki Kisu ◽  
Sangryun Kim ◽  
Takara Shinohara ◽  
Kun Zhao ◽  
Andreas Züttel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ionic Conductivities ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Battery Electrolyte

AbstractHigh-energy-density and low-cost calcium (Ca) batteries have been proposed as ‘beyond-Li-ion’ electrochemical energy storage devices. However, they have seen limited progress due to challenges associated with developing electrolytes showing reductive/oxidative stabilities and high ionic conductivities. This paper describes a calcium monocarborane cluster salt in a mixed solvent as a Ca-battery electrolyte with high anodic stability (up to 4 V vs. Ca2+/Ca), high ionic conductivity (4 mS cm−1), and high Coulombic efficiency for Ca plating/stripping at room temperature. The developed electrolyte is a promising candidate for use in room-temperature rechargeable Ca batteries.

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